大学英语四六级听力

大学英语四六级听力专题2010.11.15一、听力应试技巧二、短对话三、长对话四、短文五、复合式听写六、听力考前四周备考七、听力考试注意事项听力应试技巧这些临场应试技巧概括起来有以下六种1.勿焦勿躁稳定情绪2.仔细审题先入为主。3.专心倾听笔录关键词4.适时放弃“丢卒保车”在听录音材料时,应试者不要不切实际地希望自己能够顺利听懂所有的内容,期望得满分。碰到一些生词或者某些单词的发音模糊不清等情况,应放弃暂时听不懂的单词继续耐心听其他的内容,力求理解中心大意,抓住主要论点或情节,将自己的注意力放在这些关键内容所在地。5.利用常识合理推测6.冷静分析“点”“面”结合”面”是指所听材料的大意,“点”是指其详细情况或细节。应试者在听录音时,首先要从整体上把握播放内容的大意。每个段落的开头和结尾都应引起考生注意,因为作者会在这些地方给出本段落的主题句。短对话这部分包括8个短对话，通常是一男一女各读一句,然后提出一个问题;可归纳为以下七种类型:一、数字型(numbers):主要包括询问时间、日期、价格、电话号码、街道号码、房间号码以及人与物的数量等。1）询问时间有以下几种问法:1.Whattimeisitnow?2.What’sthetimebyyourwatch?3.Whatdoesyourwatchsay?4.Whattimedoyouhave?5.Canyoupleasetellmethetime?问活动发生的时间或具体几点。该类的题一般不会直接告诉我们时间，会涉及到时间的一些简单的加减运算。要注意一些关键词，如：aquarter(to/past),half(past),daily,weekly,fortnight等。W:Bob,areyougoingstraighthomeafterschooltoday?M:No.Ihaveaclassuntiloneo'clock,andafterthatI'mgoingtospendacoupleofhoursatthelibrarybeforegoinghome.Q:WhenisBobgoinghomethisafternoon?A.Around5:00.B.Around3:00.C.At2:00.D.At1:00.本题的关键是untiloneo'clock，和tospendacoupleofhoursatthelibrarybeforegoinghome。2）询问价格有以下几种问法:1.Howmuchdoestheshirtcost?2.Howmuchistheshirt?3.Whatistheregularprice?4.What’stherate?该类的题也涉及到一些简单的加减乘除运算。要注意一些关键词，如：10%off,discount,double,halftheprice,couple,pair,dozen,arealbargain,onsale，change等。尤其要注意单件商品的价格，买多件商品是否优惠，找零，以及最后的问题是说话人要付的钱、单件商品的价格、还是买若干商品需要付的钱。如：W:Here'saten-dollarbill.Givemetwoticketsfortonight'sshow,please.M:Sure.Twoticketsandhere'sadollarfortycentschange.Q:Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?A.$8.60.B.$4.30C.$6.40.D.$1.40本题的关键是ten-dollarbill,twotickets,adollarfortycentschange.二、职业型(occupationsorprofessions):询问人的职业通常有以下几种类型:1.Whoistheman/woman?2.Whatistheman/woman?3.Whatistheman’soccupation/profession?4.Whatdoesthemandoforliving?人的职业有很多种,但考试中常出现:teacher/professor、student、librarian、doctor/dentist/nurse、patient、salesman/shopassistant、waiter、customer、driver、secretary、manager、writer、reporter等,做这类题关键在于找出能体现其职业的信息词,如教师这个职业往往同课程、考试、作业分不开的,图书管理员往往与借书、还书的内容有关,医生则主要是讨论病情、开药方等。1）问人物的职业身份：Whoistheman/thewoman?如：M:Accordingtoyouradinthismorning'spaper,youhaveanapartmentforrent.W:Yes,Ihave.It'sonthesecondfloor.Wouldyouliketohavealook?Comethisway,please.Q:Whoisthewoman?A.Abankclerk.B.Asecretary.C.Alandlady.D.Adoctor.该题的关键词是anapartmentforrent和ad.三、关系型(Relationships):询问对话人之间关系的问句方式常有:1.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?2.What’stheirrelationship?3.Whatisthewoman’srelationshiptotheman?考试中出现的对话人之间关系常有:Teacher--Student,Librarian--Student,Doctor/Dentist--Patient,Shopassistant--Customer,Waiter--Customer,Boss-Secretary,Lawyer--Client,Driver--Passenger,Husband--Wife,Parents--children,Friends.如：M:Goodevening,Madam.Thereisatablefortwooverthere.Thisway,please.W:Thankyou.CouldIseethemenu,please?Q:What'stherelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?A.Husbandandwife.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Salesmanandcustomer.D.Hostandguest.该题的关键词是menu和Madam.四、方式型(Traffic):主要是问及乘坐什么样的交通工具。问句方式多以how引导,如:Howdidthemango/travel?迄今为止,人们所接触到的交通工具有:plane、train、bus、car、taxi、ship、boat、bicycle甚至可以onfoot。该类的对话一般涉及交通工具晚点或交通出现了某些问题。对于交通工具晚点的问题，有时会谈论正点时间和推延的时间，然后再说原因。这类题的关键词是：becaughtinatrafficjam,therushhour,flattire,breakdown,trafficaccident,behindschedule,due等。如：W:I'msorry,sir.Thetrainissomewhatbehindschedule.Takeaseat,andI'lltellyouassoonasweknowsomethingdefinite.M:Thankyou.I'lljustsithereandreadamagazineinthemeantime.Q:Whatcanweconcludeaboutthetrainfromtheconversation?A.Thetrainiscrowded.B.Thetrainislate.C.Thetrainisempty.D.Thetrainisontime.本题的关键是behindschedule.五、地点型(Places):询问地点的方式大致有:1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?2.Wherearethemanandthewoman?3.Whereistheman/woman?不同的场景下人们交谈用语也不同，例如：校园：campus,dorm,library(renewthebooks,overdue,payafine,bookshelf),lab,canteen,roommate,professor,semester,term,pass,fail,exam,course,credit,resume，tutor,graduate,presentation,speech,report,lecture,paper,scholarship等。银行：openanaccount,cashthecheck,buytraveler'scheck,ATM,draw/depositmoney,balance,savings等。餐馆：menu,atablefortwo,atableinthecorner/bythewindow,full,ondiet,treat,order,course,salad,wine,dessert，waiter,reserve,takeorder等。机场：board,flight,gatenumber,checkin,boardingpass,seat-belt等。交通：duetoarrive,fasttrain,non-stoptrain,xxminuteslate,postpone,delay,breakdown,trafficjam,flattire,speeding,payafine等。医院：Doyouhaveanappointment?What'sthematterwithyou?takeone'stemperature,haveafever,haveasorethroat,keepcoughing,toothache,headache,physician,surgeon,doctor,nurse,operation-room,emergencyroom,ward,visitinghours,prescribe,pill,capsule等。邮局：businesshours,parcel,postage,letter,stamp等。家庭：darling,sweetheart之类的比较亲近的称谓语，watchTV,fixthewashingmachine,grocery,mowthelawn,sofa,kitchen,dining-room,haveabath等。旅馆：checkin/out,makeareservation,register,receptiondesk等。如：M:Howmanyhoursareyoutakingthissemester?W:Eighteen,plustwohoursoflab.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inabank.C.Atanoffice.D.Inauniversity.该题的关键词是semester和lab.六、直接型(Directmeaning):直接型提出的问题往往是五花八门,包罗万象,但一般没有什么拐弯抹角的地方,只要能听懂基本内容,就能很容易做出回答。直接型提出的比较常见的问题如:1.Whatdoesthewomanwantt