大学英语四级考试写作讲座

Outline总述真题回顾应用文议论文高分策略议论文一、真题分析二、万能框架Exercise常见的写作类型观点对比现状说明原因列举归纳结论图表描述利弊分析建议措施举例论证注：对于某一个段落，我们可以单独运用某一种写作方法，也可以将以上方法相互融合第一段第二段第三段万能框架—第一段㈠现状说明1.Nowpeopleingrowingnumbersarebeginningtorealizethat描述现状.Astowhetherornot…,thereisnoconsensusofopinions/therearesomecontroversies/thereisnoagreement.(Somepeopleclaimthat…,whileothersbelievethat….)2.Thereisanationwide/extensive/generaldiscussiontodayabouttheissueof现象.People’sopinionsdiffergreatlyconcerning/regardingthisphenomenon.万能框架—第一段㈠现状说明3.Thesedays现象oftenhitstheheadlinesofnewspapersandhasbeenbroughtintofocusofthepublic.Indeed,itiswidelyaccepted/acknowledgedthatithasgainedincreasingpopularityamongpeopleinallwalksoflife/collegestudents.4.Alongwiththeadvanceofthesociety,moreandmoreproblemsarebroughttoourattention,oneofwhichisthat描述现状.万能框架—第一段㈠现状说明whenaskedabout5.whenitcomesto现象,facedwithpeople’sideas/viewsvaryfrompersontoperson.Thevastmajorityof/Mostpeoplebelievethat描述观点一,butotherpeopleregard现象as描述观点二/consider…differently.6.Recently,thereisatendencythat描述现状.Forinstance,举例说明现状,especially现状出现的范围.万能框架—第一段㈡图表描述(注意时态)1.Ascanbeseenfromthetable,greatchangeshavebeentakingplacein2005.2.Fromtheabovetableitcanbeseenthat描述图表中的趋势.3.Asitisshowninthetable,描述图表中的趋势.万能框架—第一段㈡图表描述(注意时态)4.In2001,itincreased/decreased/rose/fellfrom…to…5.Bycomparisonwith1999,itincreased/decreasedby…6.Thefigurehasnearlydoubled,comparedwiththatoflastyear.7.Itaccountsfor/takesup…percentofthetotal.万能框架—第一段㈡图表描述(注意时态)twice8.Thenumberis4timesasmuchasthatof2003.halfhalf9.Thenumberwas…,lessthanathirdofmorethanquarterthe1997total.万能框架—第二段㈠观点对比1.Thosewhoareinfavorof现象maintainthat描述观点1.Intheirview,阐释观点1.Onthecontrary,thosewhoareagainst现象hold/pointoutthat描述观点2.Besides,阐释证实观点2.2.Somepeopleadvocatethat描述观点1.Fromtheirpointofview,阐释观点1.Othersholdtheoppositeopinion/adoptatotallydifferentview/takeanoppositeside.Theybelieve描述观点2.万能框架—第二段㈠观点对比3.Thosewhocriticize现象arguethat描述观点1Theybelievethat阐释观点1Butpeopleadvocate现象,ontheotherhand,claimthat描述观点2.Intheireyes,阐释观点2.4.Althoughalotofpeoplebelievethat描述观点1,othersdoubt/wonderwhethertheargumentbearsmuchanalysis.经得起分析holdwater.经得住考验Theyconsider/insistthat描述观点2.万能框架—第二段㈡原因列举1.Thereareplentyof/anumberof/numerousreasonsexplainingthisphenomenon.Firstandforemost,解释原因1.Secondly,解释原因2.Lastbutnottheleast,解释原因3.2.Therearemanyreasonsthatmayaccountfor/contributeto/beresponsiblefor现象.Tobeginwith,解释原因1.Then,解释原因2.Moreover,解释原因3.3.Threemajorelements/factorswouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhenanalyzing现象.Firstofall,…万能框架—第二段㈡原因列举4.Thereasonsof现象briefly/roughlylieintwoaspects.Foronething,解释原因1.Foranother,解释原因2.5.Thereasonsthatcausedchangesarediverse.Ontheonehand,解释原因1.Ontheotherhand,解释原因2.6.Thephenomenon/changein某方面mainlyresultsfrom/arisesfromthefactthat解释原因.万能框架—第二段㈢利弊分析1.某物/某现象undoubtedlyplaysanessential/significantroleinmodernlife.2.Themeritsof某物/某现象areobvious.Asweallknow,itbringsusbenefitsandconvenience…Despitetheseadvantages,somepeopleclaim,weshouldnotlosesightofitsadverseeffectsonpeople/environment,etc.万能框架—第二段㈢利弊分析3.Good/Convenient/Beneficial/UsefulasAis,ithasitsowndisadvantages.Foronething,解释原因1;foranother,解释原因2.4.Admittedly,they(it)mightbenefitusinashortterm.Unfortunately,theywilldousharminmorethanoneway/leadtoanumberofproblems.万能框架—第二段㈢利弊分析5.Thereisnodenyingthateverythinghasonemorefaceand某物/某现象isnoexception.Ontheonehand,….Ontheotherhand,…6.Theadvantagesof某物/某现象faroutweighthepotentialdisadvantages.万能框架—第二段㈣举例论证1.Toillustratethispoint,Icanthinkofnobetterexamplethanthefollowingexample.2.Numerousexamplescanbegiven,butthis/thesewillsuffice.(v.足够)3.Thiscaseeffectivelyclarifythefactthat…4.Thisstorytellsthat…段首段末万能框架—第三段㈠归纳结论(段首)1.Frommyperspective,Iapproveof…Inmyopinion,Istandonthesideof…AsfarasIamconcerned,propermeasuresshouldbePersonallyspeaking,takento(dosth.)…2.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelyTakingintoaccountallthosefeatures,+drawtheJudgingfromallevidenceoffered,conclusionthat…万能框架—第三段㈠归纳结论(结尾)3.Itishightimethatweplacedgreatemphasison…(虚拟)我们早就该重视这个问题了。4.Itishightimeweputanendtotheundesirablephenomenonof…(虚拟)5.Thereisnodoubt/nodenyingthatfurtherattentionmustbepaidtotheproblemof…毫无疑问，对这个问题应给予进一步的关注。万能框架—第三段㈡建议措施1.Itisnecessarythateffectiveactionsshouldbetakentopreventthesituationfromgettingworse.2.Weshouldappealtotheauthoritiestomakestrictlawstocontrolthisproblem.3.Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblem.万能框架—第三段㈡建议措施4.Hence,itisimperativeforustoenhance/cultivate/raisetheawarenessof(e.g.environmentalprotection)…5.Ibelievewehumanscanovercomethisdifficultyandwewillhaveabrighterfuture.观点对比型模板一1Nowadays,whereveryougo,youwillhearpeopletalkabout现象.2Whetheryoulikeitornot,ithasbecomeapartofourlife.3Somepeoplewhoareinfavorof现象maintainthat概述观点一.4Intheirview,详述观点一.5Onthecontrary,thosewhoareagainst现象arguethat概述观点二.6Besides,详述观点二.7Frommypointofview,Istandonthesideof观点一或二.8Foronething,解释原因一.9Foranother,解释原因二.10Therefore,总结.观点对比型模板二1Viewson(Attitudestowards)现象varyfrompersontoperson.2Somepeoplethinkthat概述观点一.3Theyholdthisopinionbecause(theythink)详述观点一.4Ot