Unit 4 Migratory Birds and Coffee

Unit41.TextMigratoryBirdsandCoffeeQuestionsforyoutoconsider:1.Whatisthetraditionalwayofplantingcoffee?2.Whataretheadvantagesoftraditionalcoffeeplantations?3.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsuncoffeeproduction?4.Whatarethehiddenforcesthatareresponsiblefortheemergenceofthenewmodeofproduction?1Questionsforyoutoconsider:5.Istheresuchasimilarsituationinyourhometownthatpeopleabandontheiroldgoodwaysoflifeandproductioninfavorofthosetrendystyles?2Somepicturesofmigratorybirdsmentionedinthetext3红尾鸲4Black-throatedgreenwarbler黑喉绿刺嘴莺（？）5旋木雀61.1Themainidea•MigratorybirdsandtraditionalcoffeeplantationsarecloselyrelatedinNorthandLatinAmerica.Theformerreliesonthelatter.Migratorybirdscanfindasatisfyingsanctuaryinshade-grown（遮阳植物下生长的）coffeeplantations.Thesetraditionalcoffeeplantationsprovideaforest-likeenvironmentforgoodpopulationsofmigrants.71.1Themainidea•Pitifully,however,overthepasttwodecades,farmersturntosuncoffeeproductionforfinancialandotherreasons.Suchamannerofproduction,whichproducesincreasedyields,doesnotprovideasagoodhabitatasshadecoffeeplantations,formigratorybirds.Ithasbeenfoundthatthediversityofmigratorybirdsdropssharplywhencoffeeisconvertedfromshadetosun.81.1Themainidea•Besidesthesharpdecreaseinthediversityofmigratorybirdsinsuncoffeeareas,thenewmodeofproductionbringsforthenvironmentalandsocialproblems.•Theseproblemsincludegreatersoilerosion,acidification,andhigheramountsoftoxicrun-off（有毒废液）.Inaddition,farmershavetodohardermanuallaboronsuchplantations.Andtheirhealthisunderminedwhentheyareoftenexposedtotoxicsubstancessuchaspesticides.91.1Themainidea•Butitseemsthattheworldhavenowaytoreinin（遏制）suchnon-traditional,bird-unfriendlystylesofproductionintheprocessoflocaldevelopment,duetoacombinationofcomplexfactors.101.2Structureofthistext•Itisnothighlyfeasibletodividethistextintoseveralfittingparts.•Butifwereallywanttodoit,wemayroughlydivideitintofourparts:Part1(ll.1-37)Part2(ll.38-65)Part3(ll.66-103)Part4(ll.104-111)111.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(ll.4-5)Agreaternumberisfoundinotheragriculturalhabitats,andexceededonlyinundisturbedtropicalforests.•（教参）在农业栖息地，发现的鸟类数目更大，未受侵扰的热带森林才会超过这个数目。•在农业栖息地，发现的鸟类数目更大，只有未受侵扰的热带森林才会超过这个数目。12不宜移动原文到另一个句子部分，一般也不宜随意断句(ll.5-6)Eveninverydisturbedareas,coffeeplantationssupportgoodpopulationsofmigratorybirdsandotherspeciesthatpreferorarerestrictedtoforesthabits,suchasredstartsandblack-throatedgreenwarblers,andresidentsincludingparrotsandwoodcreepers.•（教参）即使在受到较大侵扰的地区，咖啡种植园也支持为数可观的候鸟和其他鸟类。这些候鸟和其他鸟类，如红尾鸟和黑喉绿莺，以及包括鹦鹉和砍林鸟在内的居民，选择了森林栖息地，或者仅限于森林栖息地。131.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(ll.5-6)Eveninverydisturbedareas,coffeeplantationssupportgoodpopulationsofmigratorybirdsandotherspeciesthatpreferorarerestrictedtoforesthabits,suchasredstartsandblack-throatedgreenwarblers,andresidentsincludingparrotsandwoodcreepers.•即使在受到较大侵扰的地区，咖啡种植园也滋养着为数可观的喜欢或仅限于森林栖息地的候鸟和其他物种，如红尾鸲和黑喉绿莺，以及包括鹦鹉和旋木雀在内的留鸟。141.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(ll.11-12)Whilethismannerofcultivationproducesincreasedyields,thesecannotbekeptformanyyearswithoutintensivemanagement(additionsofchemicalfertilizersandarangeofinsecticides,herbicidesandfungicides).•（教参）这样的种植方式提高了产量，同时，如果没有精心管理（增加化肥和一定范围的除虫剂、除草剂和杀菌剂），就不能持续多年高产。•while:despitethefactthat(SYNalthough)(LDOCE5)151.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences•(ll.11-12)Whilethismannerofcultivationproducesincreasedyields,thesecannotbekeptformanyyearswithoutintensivemanagement(additionsofchemicalfertilizersandarangeofinsecticides,herbicidesandfungicides).•虽然这样的种植方式提高了产量，但是如果没有集约化管理（增加化肥和各种除虫剂、除草剂和杀真菌剂），这样的产量是无法维持很多年的。161.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(l.48)Traditionalcoffeeplantationscanbethoughtofasmodifiedforesthabits.•（教参）可以将传统的咖啡种植园看成经过改造的森林栖息地。•传统的咖啡种植园可以看成改进的森林栖息地。171.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(ll.48-50)Evidencesuggeststhatup-mountainandnorthwardmovementsaretimedtotakeadvantageoftheblossomingofplantationtrees.•（教参）有证据显示，向山区和向北移动是依时而为，为的是利用种植园树木的花期。181.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(ll.81-85)Whiletechnifiedcoffeemaymeanbenefitstoproducersintermsoftotalcropoutput…therelentlesspushofagribusinesstoproducemorecoffeeperunitareamayhaveseriousenvironmentalandsocialconsequences.•（教参）经过技术改造的咖啡对生产者来说意味着总产量方面的收益……无情地推进农业发展使单位面积生产更多的咖啡，这可以带来严重的环境和社会后果。191.3Possibledifficultwords,phrasesandsentences(ll.81-85)Whiletechnifiedcoffeemaymeanbenefitstoproducersintermsoftotalcropoutput…therelentlesspushofagribusinesstoproducemorecoffeeperunitareamayhaveseriousenvironmentalandsocialconsequences.•虽然经过技术改造的咖啡对生产者来说可能意味着总产量方面的收益……但是一味推进农业产业化从而使得单位面积的咖啡产量更高的做法可能带来严重的环境和社会后果。20Questionsforyoutoanswer:1.Whatisthetraditionalwayofplantingcoffee?2.Whataretheadvantagesoftraditionalcoffeeplantations?3.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsuncoffeeproduction?4.Whatarethehiddenforcesthatareresponsiblefortheemergenceofthenewmodeofproduction?21Questionsforyoutoconsider:5.Istheresuchasimilarsituationinyourhometownthatpeopleabandontheiroldgoodwaysoflifeandproductioninfavorofthosetrendystyles?221.4概括课文大意•用自己的3～5句话，概括课文大意231.5朗读环节朗读段落：ll.38-