牛津英语第一轮复习系列1一般现在时

牛津初中英语7A语法系列讲解2012年3月13日一般现在时的功能：1.表示事物或人物现在的特征、状态。Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。Sheishappy.她是快乐的。Iamathome.我在家。He’stwelve.She’satwork.1.Hisbrotherthenewsat6.2.UncleWangbeingbusy.3.MissLiuherstudents.4.Henomoney,buthePresentsimple(一般现在时)(b)apresentstate,afeelingoropinion.(现在的状态、感觉或观点)likeslikesloveshasishappy.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。Hesometimesgoestoschoolonfoot.always,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday,usually,often,never,hardly..........1.Myfatherhasbreadandaglassofmilkforlunch.2.hetakeshisdogTinaoutforawalk.3.IgetupveryearlyPresentsimple(一般现在时)(a)anactivitythatisrepeatedregularly.(有规律、经常做的行为)oftenSometimeseverymorning.3.表示客观事实和普遍真理。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳在东方升起。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Therearesevendaysinaweek.4.表主语具备的性格、喜好和能力等Shelikesnoodles.TheyspeakFrench.5.主句是一般将来时态时，在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Iwillwaituntilhecomesback.Shewillgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.如果明天不下雨，她将去那儿。我会等到他回来为止。If;unless;when;until;before;after;assoonas…★★★★★主将从现一般现在时(TheSimplePresentTense)1.表示现在的状态：e.g.He’stwelve.She’satwork.2.表经常或习惯性的动作：e.g.Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.3.表主语具备的性格和能力等：e.g.Shelikesnoodles.TheyspeakFrench.4.普遍真理和自然规律：e.g.Twoplusfourissix.Themoongoesaroundtheearth.一般现在时（肯定句）在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词（can等）时，be动词要随主语而相应改变，情态动词不变。例如一般现在时（肯定句）1、Iamateacher.2、Heisastudent.3、Youareaboy.4、Icanswim.一般现在时（肯定句）没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s或es，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。例如一般现在时（肯定句）1、Itoschoolbybus.2、Hetoschoolbybus.3、Sheupatsix.gogoesgets动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：stop-stops,come-comes2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：do-does,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goesmiss-misses3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies,carry-carriesLet’stalkaboutyourschoolday:I起床吃早饭上学休息并和同学谈话上化学课吃午饭回家写作业上床睡觉getuphavebreakfastgotoschoolhaveabreakandtalktofriendshaveachemistrylessonhavelunchgohomedomyhomeworkgotobedat…WeTheyLet’stalkaboutTom’sschoolday:Hegetuphavebreakfastgotoschoolhaveabreakandtalktofriendshaveachemistrylessonhavelunchgohomedohishomeworkgotobedat…TheboyTomshaseshasshashaseseses一般现在时（否定句）在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词（can等）时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not。例如一般现在时（否定句）1、Iamateacher.否：Iamnotateacher.2、Heisastudent.否：Heisnotastudent.3、Youareaboy.否：Youarenotaboy.4、Icanswim.否：Icannot（can’t)swim.变否定句Iamagoodboy.Iamnotagoodboy.变否定句Heisatschool.Heisnotatschool.变否定句Theyarestudents.Theyarenotstudents.变否定句ShecansendanEmail.Shecan‘tsendanEmail.一般现在时（否定句）句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加doesnot(doesn’t)非单三时，否定句在动词前加donot（don’t)例如一般现在时（否定句）1、Itoschoolbybus.否：Itoschoolbybus.2、Hetoschoolbybus.否：Hetoschoolbybus.godon’tgogoesdoesn’tgo变否定句Iwantahamburger.Idon’twantahamburger.变否定句ShespeaksEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tspeakEnglishwell.一般现在时（疑问句）句中有be动词或情态动词时，be动词或情态动词can提前，首字母变为大写；some变any例如一般现在时（一般疑问句）Heisastudent.Youareaboy.Isheastudent？Areyouaboy？Icanswim.Iamateacher.Canyouswim？AmIateacher？Damingismyfriend.IsDamingyourfriend？变一般疑问句Iamintheclassroom.AmIintheclassroom？变一般疑问句还可以改成：AreyouDamingcanplayfootball.CanDamingplayfootball？变一般疑问句Wearegoodfriends.Arewegoodfriends？变一般疑问句还可以变成：Areyou一般现在时（疑问句）句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为非第三人称单数，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。主语为第三人称单数，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形；Some变any.例如一般现在时（一般疑问句）1、Itoschoolbybus.疑问句：youtoschoolbybus.2、Hetoschoolbybus.疑问句：hetoschoolbybus.DoesgogoesgogoDoWehavelunchat12：00.Dowehavelunchat12：00？变一般疑问句还可以变成：DoyouIwantahotdog.Doyouwantahotdog？变一般疑问句还可以变成：DoIAmywantssomechicken.DoesAmywantanychicken？变一般疑问句特殊疑问句时间：when地点：where人：who物：what状态：how年龄：howold价钱：howmuch数量：howmany特殊疑问句有be动词或情态动词构成：疑问词+be动词或情态动词+主语+其它例如特殊疑问句ShecanspeakEnglish.Whatcanshespeak？Heisten.Howoldishe？Heisathome.Whereishe？It’s3dollars.Howmuchisit?特殊疑问句没有be动词或情态动词构成：疑问词+do（does）+主语+动词原形+其它例如特殊疑问句（时间）Hegoestoschoolatseven.Whendoeshegotoschool？单数第三人称：非单数第三人称：Igotoschoolatsix.Whendoyougotoschool？特殊疑问句（地点）Hehaslunchatschool.Wheredoeshehavelunch？单数第三人称：非单数第三人称：Childrenhavelunchatschool.Wheredochildrenhavelunch？特殊疑问句（状态）Hegoestoschoolbybus.Howdoeshegotoschool？单数第三人称：非单数第三人称：Wegotoschoolbybus.Howdowegotoschool？变特殊疑问句Wegohomeatfour.Whendowegohome？变特殊疑问句Linglinghasdinnerathome.WheredoesLinginghavedinner？变特殊疑问句Iamthirteen.Howoldareyou？变特殊疑问句Sheisinthepark.Whereisshe？变特殊疑问句Iwantacola.Whatdoyouwant？变特殊疑问句It‘sthirteendollars.Howmuchisit？变成否定句和一般疑问句特殊疑问句1、Igohomebybike.2、Hegoestoschoolbybus.3、Shegetsupatsix.4、ShecanspeakEnglish.5、Heisten.6、Heisathome.7、It’s3dollars.1.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)e.g.Heisaworker.Youarethirteen.Theyareintheclassroom.否定句：主语+be+not+表语e.g.Heisnotaworker.Youaren’tthirteen.Theyaren’tintheclassroom.一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?e.g.Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Areyouthirteen?Aretheyintheclassroom?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?e.g.Whatishe?Whatcolouristhatbird?Howoldareyou?Wherearethey?2.实义动词的一般现在时句式：肯定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+实义动词+其他e.g.IstayathomeonSaturdays.Theyswimeveryday.主语（He/She/It）+实义动词三单现形式+其他e.g.HestaysathomeonSaturdays.Lucyswimseveryday.否定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+do+not+动词原形+其他e.g.Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Theydon’tswimeveryday.主语（He/She/It）+does+not+动词原形+其他e.g.Hedoesn’tstayathomeon