丙烯精制毕业设计

1丙烯精制工段工艺设计毕业设计（论文）任务书摘要本人所设计所依据的是以丙烯精制生产装置为设计原型。我所设计的题目是年产105000吨气体分馏装置丙烯精制工段工艺，开工周期为8000小时/年，其中原料主要组成为C20，C3=，C30，iC40，等组分，按各组分的沸点和相对挥发度的不同使各组分分离。本设计采用多组分精馏，按挥发度递减流程方案，两塔流程设计即脱乙烷塔分离出C02，再由丙烯精馏塔塔底分出离出C03和C04及少量的水，塔顶得到丙烯，其纯度为%99以上。丙烯作为产品出装置，为下流生产聚丙烯和异丙醇提供原料。塔底的丙烷作为商品或烧火油出装置后作为商品出售或者做烧火油。设计时，依次进行了物料衡算、热量衡算、塔结构的相关工艺计算，及换热设备的计算及附属设备的选型，并根据设计数据分别绘制了自控流程图。设备选型方面主要按照现场实际，并兼顾工艺控制要求与经济合理性。随着先进控制技术的兴起，关键控制指标由定值控制向区间控制转变，调节变量与控制变量的关系由单对单向多变量预估控制转变。它是装置控制技术发展的方向，正在逐步普及。为了为装置以后上先进控制提供方便，我们在设计时，注意为塔顶温度，塔底温度，回流量等指标保留较大的操作弹性。关键词：脱乙烷塔；丙烯精馏塔；物料衡算；热量衡算；2AbstractThisdesignisbasedonpropylenerefiningunitfortheprototype.Myprojecttopicistheannualoutputof105,000tonsofrefinedgasfractionationplant,propylene,SectionofTechnology,startedperiod8000hours/year,materialcompositionofC20,C3=,C30,iC40,andothercomponents,accordingtotheboilingpointofeachcomponentandrelativevolatilityofthedifferentcomponentstoseparate.Thisdesignusesamulti-componentdistillationprocessbydecreasingvolatilityprogram,processdesignoftwotowersthatethanetowerisolatedC02,thenseparationofpropylenedistillationtowerbottomfromtheC03andC04andasmallamountofwatertowertopbypropylene,thepurityoftheabove.Propyleneasaproductadevicefortheproductionofpolypropyleneandisopropylalcoholtoproviderawmaterials.Propanetowerbottomoilasacommodityorlightafireafteradevicesoldasacommodity,oilfires,ordo.Design,inturnthemassbalance,heatbalance,therelatedtechnologytowerstructurecalculation,andcalculationofheattransferequipmentandancillaryequipmentselection,anddatawereplottedaccordingtothedesignautomationflowchart.Equipmentselectionisdonemainlyaccordingtotheactualsite,takingintoaccounttheprocesscontrolrequirementsandeconomicrationality.Withtheriseofadvancedcontroltechnology,thekeycontroltargetrangefromthecontrolvaluecontroltochange,adjusttherelationshipbetweenvariablesandcontrolvariablesbyasinglepairofone-waytransformationofmultivariablepredictivecontrol.Itisthedevicecontrollingthedirectionoftechnologydevelopment,isgraduallyspread.Inorderforthedevicetofacilitatefutureadvancedcontrol,wedesign,attentiontotowertoptemperature,thebottomofthecolumntemperatureandflowindicatorsarebacktokeepalargeoperationflexibility.Keywords:ethanetower;propylenedistillationcolumn;materialbalance;heatbalance;3目录1.1气分装置发展概况..............................................................................................................................11.2气分装置的原料来源、组成..............................................................................................................11.3丙烯精制产品的用途、价值..............................................................................................................11.4分离方案的确定..................................................................................................................................11.5丙烯精制设备确定..............................................................................................................................21.6丙烯精制工艺流程的叙述..................................................................................................................2第2章丙烯精制的物料衡算...................................................................................................................32.1脱乙烷塔物料衡算..............................................................................................................................32.1.1原料组成及流量........................................................................................................................32.1.2脱乙烷塔的物料平衡...................................................................................................................42.2丙烯精制塔物料衡算........................................................................................................................52.2.1丙烯精制塔物料平衡...................................................................................................................52.2.2原料组成及流量...........................................................................................................................6第3章丙烯精制装置工艺条件的计算...................................................................................................73.1脱乙烷塔工艺条件的确定.................................................................................................................73.1.1操作压力的确定...........................................................................................................................73.1.2回流温度的确定...........................................................................................................................73.1.3塔顶温度的计算...........................................................................................................................83.1.4塔底温度的计算...........................................................................................................................83.1.5进料温度的计算...........................................................................................................................93.1.6脱乙烷塔操作条件汇总......................................................................................................