中考英语语法专项复习——冠词

中考英语语法专项——冠词泺怡Jessica•NeilArmstrong•July20,1969•“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind.”冠词冠词：a/an/thea&an用法区别a/an&the用法区别一、a/an用法区别•boy•uniqueoldlady•unluckyoldladyaaan•honor•SOSsigna&an用法区别:a用在以辅音因素（并非辅音字母）开头的名词前；an用在以元音因素（并非元音字母）开头的名词前。anan二、a/an与the用法区别•Thereisaladywearingweddingdressinthedarkroom.TheladyisMr.Havisham.•Asweallknown,thebrideishappy.•Thebrideismiserable.泛指特指泛指特指•Thetigerisbecomingalmostextinct.•Thetigerissleepinginthecage.thea/an1.特指2.泛指泛指泛指特指泛指：表示一类事物特指：某类事物的具体某一个/某一些三、泛指的表示方式•Lifeishardsometimes.•WearestudyingthelifeofPip.1.零冠词+不可数名词：泛指the+不可数名词：特指•Ilovemusic.•Idon’tlikethefilm,butIlikethemusicofthefilm.•Airiscolorless.•Theairinthisroomisstuffy.•Sugarisn’tverygoodforyou.•Canyoupassmethesugar,please?•Weddingcakesarefresh.•TheweddingcakeforMissHavishamisn’tfreshanylonger.2.零冠词+复数名词：泛指the+复数名词：特指•Tigersarebecomingalmostextinct.•Tigersaredangerousanimals.•Thetigersaresleepinginthecage.•Bananasareyellow.•Cigarettesarebadforyourhealth.•Youngbabiesneedalotofsleep.•Tigersaredangerousanimals.•Thetigerisadangerousanimal.•Tigersarebecomingalmostextinct.•Thetigerisbecomingalmostextinct.3.The+单数名词：泛指•Thericharealwayspride.•Thericharericher;thepoorarepoorer.the+形容词表示一类人，是泛指，被看做复数名词，作主语时，谓语要用复数。•A:Thepresidentistoopowerful•B:Whichpresident?•A:No,Imeanpresidentsingeneral.•Theelephantisthelargestlandmammal.•Theelephantoverthereisverylonely.the+单数名词：泛指&特指根据语境判断•Tigersaredangerousanimals.•Thetigerisadangerousanimal.•Atigerisadangerousanimal.4.a/an+单数可数名词：泛指•Childrenneedplentyoflove.•Thechildneedsplentyoflove.•Achildneedsplentyoflove.•Tigersarebecomingalmostextinct.•Thetigerisbecomingalmostextinct.•Atigerisbecomingalmostextinct.四、定冠词the的特指用法•AlbertEinstein,thefamousphysicist•YaoMing,thefamousbasketballplayer•AndyLau,thefamousactor•Andylau,afamousChineseactor•-YournewEnglishteacher’snameisJessica.•-IsshetheJessica?•IliveinBeijing,nottheBeijing,butasmallvillageinAnhui.the+普通名词/专有名词:特指——听说双方共知•earth•moon•sky•YellowRiver世界上独一无二的事物thethethethe•Therewasonceacrowwhostoleawedgeofcheesefromakitchenwindow.Sheflewoffwiththecheesetoanearbytree.Afoxsawwhatthecrowhaddone,andhewalkedovertothetree.五、thehospital&hospital•Hismotherisinhospitalandhehasbeeninthehospitaltotakecareofher.•attable•atthetable•gotobed•gotothebed对于表示处所或社会事业机构类的名词，使用冠词the,强调处所；不用冠词the,强调活动。•byday•bytheday•infrontof•inthefrontof•takeplace•taketheplace•outofquestion•outofthequestion•白天•按日计算•在…前面（外部）•在…前部（内部）•发生•代替•没问题•不可能六、特殊记忆•1.使用the的情况•ThisisfirsttimeI’vecometoBeijing.•playguitar•I’llvisitSmiths.thethethe1.形容词、副词的最高级、序数词以及only修饰名词时，前面加the.2.在乐器、乐团前加the3.姓氏前加the:表一家人，姓氏后加s•2.零冠词情况•havebreakfast•MerryChristmas•speakEnglish•Ilovehistory.•playbasketball零冠词使用：三餐节日和修饰，语言学科和球棋。•(2008)21.-Excuseme.Istherepayphonenearhere?•-Yes.Youcanfindonenearthebusstop.•A.anB.theC.aD./•(2009)21-DoyouhaveQQnumber?•-Sorry,Idon’thaveone.•A.aB.anC.theD./•(2010)26.-Excuseme,what’sthis?•-It’smap.•A.aB.anC.theD./•(2011)26.Itakewalkwithmyparentseveryevening.•A.aB.anC.theD./•(2012)26.IwanttohaveEnglishpenpal.•A.aB.theC.anD./冠词：a/the/零冠词1.a/an:泛指2.the:特指/泛指3.零冠词：泛指指称：泛指/特指1泛指：零冠词+不可数名词零冠词+可数名词复数a/an+可数名词单数the+可数名词单数the+形容词2.特指：the+普通名词/专有名词