新编剑桥商务英语unit1

BusinessEnglish1.1Waysofworking1.2MakingcontactsModule1BusinesstopicVocabularyListeningSpeakingDifferentwaysofworkingAmini-presentation1.1WaysofworkingReadingHowtojob-shareWorkingfromhome1.1WaysofworkingVocabularyDifferentwaysofworking1.Howdoyoustudymosteffectively?Byworking…*atthesametimeeveryday/atdifferenttimeoftheday?*earlyinthemorning/lateatnight?*onyourown/withothers?*athome/atyourplaceofstudy(schoolorcollege)?2.Matchthesewaysofworking1-8todefinitionsA-I.Doyouworkinanyoftheseways?0freelance1teleworking2job-sharing3shift-work4part-time5temping6consultancy7flexitime8hot-deskingAYouworkduringdifferentpartsoftheday(eg.nights).BYousellyourworkorservicestoanumberofdifferentcompanies.CYouworkfordifferentcompaniesforashorttimewithoutapermanentcontract.DYouworkanumberofhoursperweekormonthbutyoudecidewhenyoustartorfinish.EYoudon’thaveapermanentplaceorofficetoworkat,butyoufindaplacetoworkwhenyouarrive.FYouworkforacompanyfromhomeviaemail,phoneortheInternet.GYouonlyworkforsomeoftheweek(notfull-time).HYoudoyourjobforpartoftheweekandanotherpersondoesitfortheotherpart.IYouaren’temployedbyacompany,butarepaidtogivespecialistadvice.UsefulTermsFreelance(自由职业)Workingindependentlyandontemporarycontractsratherthanforalong-termemployer.Whatprofessionsaresuitableforfreelancing?SOHO：指在家办公的自由职业者smalloffice/homeofficeUsefulTermsTeleworking(远程办公/居家办公)Acatch-alltermdescribinganywayofworkingatadistanceusingacombinationofcomputersandtelecommunications.Itisoftenassociatedwithhome-basedworking,butincludesmobileworking,etcCompare:WorkfromHomevs.WorkatHomeworkfromhomeItmeansyouhaveaworksomewhereandanofficeatyourworkcompanyorinstitution,butforthetimebeingyoustayathomebutstillwork;workathomeItoftenmeansyoudon'tworkasanemployee.Youstilldosomethingtomakeyourliving,inthiscaseyouworkathome.UsefulTermsTelecommuting(远程办公/居家办工)Thistermisusedinterchangeablywithteleworking,andisthemorecommontermintheUS.Theconceptualemphasisisonreplacingthecommutejourneythroughelectronicaccesstotheworkplace.wordextension:telecommuter/home-basedworker远程办公者CaseStudy请员工回家办公惠普年省二亿美元在IBM中国，梁的经历通过IBM一个叫“灵活办公”的计划所广泛分享。自从灵活办公计划在2001年被第一次推广到中国以来，IBM在中国的9000多名员工中有2/3都通过加入这个计划，从而使自己的工作初步打破了时间和空间的限制。IBM希望为员工创造一个更加舒心，并且适合各自工作性质的环境，从而增加员工的生产效率，提高他们对企业的忠诚。CaseStudy从上个世纪90年代以来，在家工作在各个主要的工业化国家已经成为一种比较普遍的现象。而在中国，有越来越多的证据表明，一种类似的革命也正在进行。北京零点调查公司在2004年公布的一项调查报告指出，北京在家工作的人数已经突破18.8万人。而一些其他的数据则称北京在家工作的人数已经超过100万，上海则超过70万。其实，大多数中国人第一次接触在家工作是在2003年当非典病毒袭击北京的时候。随后各种无线技术和网络电话技术的大规模应用又使得远程办公越来越成为一种传统的工作方式的替代品。CaseStudy事实上，作为一种直接减少成本的方法，很多公司已经开始鼓励员工在家办公。中国惠普计划今年在中国减少9个办公室，所有这些办公室的员工都会被要求在家办公。由于在全球范围内都采取了和中国类似的措施，2006年惠普成功地减少了2亿美元的营运成本，相当于公司年收入的0.2%。惠普的目标是到2008年，每年在全球再减少2亿美元的营运成本。《中国日报》UsefulTermsShiftWork(轮班工作)Workthatisbrokenintochunksoftimee.g.thedayshiftmaybe8a.m.to4p.m.;thenightshiftmidnightto8a.m.,etc.RelatedTerm:OT(overtimepay加班工资)UsefulTermsTemping(做临时工)Workingshortemploymenttaskswithavarietyofclients,usuallythroughatempingagencyorstaffingfirm.Previouslytempsweremostlyadministrative,butjob-seekerscannowfindtempingagenciescoveringmostprofessions.Whataretheadvantagesoftemping?Tempingisgreatforbuildingresume,learningskills,networking-andjobflexibilityandvariety.UsefulTermsFlexitime(弹性工作时间)Flexitime(flexibleworktime)isthemostpopularflexibleworkarrangementthatrequiresemployeestoworkastandardnumberofhourseachweekbutallowsthemtochoosetheirownstartingandquittingtime.However,aportionofeachdayisdesignatedascoretime/hourswhenallemployeesmustbepresent.Compare:Flexitimevs.TeleworkingWhataretheadvantagesofflexitime?UsefulTermsConsultancy(顾问工作)Theactofanindividualororganizationprovidingprofessionaladvicetoothersforafee.Awidevarietyofconsultantsexistformanyareasoforganizationalconcerns,includingmanagement,accounting,finance,andlegalandtechnicalmatters..Consultancy咨询专家，咨询类公司UsefulTermsHotdesking(办公桌轮用)Moreproductiveuseofofficespace;ofteninvolves,toagreaterorlesserextent,eliminatingpersonalownershipofdesks.Itisamethodofsharingdesks,withworkerswhoareusuallyworkingelsewherebookingspacetowork.Thishasbeenmadeeasierbytheuseoflaptopsandjustbeingabletoplugthesestraightintodockingpointsateverydesk.Thisallowsworkerstocarryouttheirtasksanywherewhentheyareworkingfromtheirownlaptop.Thinkabout:Whatareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofhotdesking?Advantages:Costsavinginfurnitureandoverheads（管理费）suchaselectricity,phonebills,computermaintenance,rent,air-conditioning,etc.Disadvantage:nopersonalterritory（地盘，领域）orprivacy3.Matchthecommentstothedifferentwaysofworkings.P64.Workinpairs.Thinkofsomeadvantagesordisadvantagesforeachwayofworkinginexercise2.WaysofworkingPossibleadvantagesPossibledisadvantagesfreelanceyouchoosethejobnojobsecurityteleworkingorganizeyourworktimeyouneedtobegoodatself-organizationjob-sharingmorefreetimeneedtocoordinatewithotherpersonshift-workgivesyouyourdaysfreetiringpart-timemorefreetimelessmoneytempinglotsofvarietyhardtoprogressyourcareerconsultancywellpaidnojobsecurityflexitimegoodforwork-lifebalancenotgoodforpeoplewholikeroutinehot-deskingsavesthecompanymoneydisruptivetoemployeesBACK4.Readabou