TL494开关电源毕业设计(12V5A)毕业设计1

I开关电源设计摘要随着电力电子技术的发展和新型功率元器件的不断出现，开关电源技术得到了飞速的发展，在计算机、通讯、电力、家用电器、航空航天等领域得到广泛应用，取得了显。开关电源是利用现代电子技术，控制开关晶体管开通和关断的时间比率，维持稳定输出电压的一种电源，开关电源一般由脉冲宽度调制和场效应管构成。开关电源和线性电源相比，二者的成本都随着输出功率的增加而增长，但二者增长速率各异。开关电源比普通的线性电源效率高，开关电源的发展与应用在节约能源、节约资源及保护环境方面都具有重要的意义。目前世界各国都有广泛的应用，特别是对大容量高频开关电源的研究和开发已成为当今电力电子学的主要研究领域，并派生了很多新的研究方向。本文详细分析了高性能、大功率直流开关电源的工作原理，并提出了主电路和控制电路的详细设计方案。在此基础上，完成了整个系统的硬件电路设计和软件程序的编制，并对电源装置的硬件和软件进行了调试和修改。在分析原理的基础上，本文从三相桥式不控整流、全桥变换器、高频变压器、滤波电路等环节对该系统的主电路进行了阐述，同时探讨了该电源系统实现大功率的解决方案，即采用多个电源模块并联运行。在电压调节环节上，详细分析了基于TL494电源管理芯片。本文研制的直流开关电源具有输出电压可调、输出电流大、纹波小等特点。关键词:开关电源，TL494,高频变压器，PWM控制IISwitchingpowersupplydesignAbstractWiththedevelopmentofpowerelectronictechnologyandnewtypepowercomponentsappearcontinuously,switchingpowersupplytechnologyobtainedtherapiddevelopment,thecomputer,communications,power,householdappliances,aerospaceandotherfieldsarewidelyused,andachievedsignificantresults.Switchingpowersupplywithhighefficiency,smallvolume,lightweightandothersignificantcharacteristics.Switchingpowersupplyistheuseofmodernelectronictechnology,thecontrolswitchtransistorturn-onandturn-offtimeratio,tomaintainthestabilityoftheoutputvoltageofapowersupply,switchingpowersupplyisusuallyconsistsofpulsewidthmodulationandafieldeffecttube.Switchpowersupplyandlinearpowersupply,thetwo'scostastheoutputpowerincreases,butthetwogrowthrateofdifferent.Switchingpowersupplythanordinarylinearpowersupplyefficiencyishigh,thepowerswitchinthedevelopmentandapplicationinsavingenergy,savingresourceandprotectenvironmenthasimportantsignificance.Atpresent,allthecountriesintheworldhaveawiderangeofapplications,particularlyforlargecapacityhighfrequencyswitchingpowersupplyresearchanddevelopmenthavebecomethemainresearchfieldofpowerelectronics,andderivealotofnewresearchdirection.Thispaperpresentsadetailedanalysisofahighperformance,highpowerDCpowersupplyandworkingprinciple,andhasproposedthemaincircuitandcontrolcircuitofthedetaileddesignscheme.Onthisbasis,thesystemhardwarecircuitdesignandsoftwareprogram,andthepowersupplydevicehardwareandsoftwaredebuggingandmodification.Basedontheanalysisoftheprinciple,thisarticlefromthethree-phasebridgeuncontrolledrectifier,afullbridgeconverter,ahighfrequencytransformer,filtercircuitofthemaincircuitofthesystemaredescribed,anddiscussedthepowersupplysystemofhighpowersolutions,theuseofmultiplepowersupplymodulesoperatinginparallel.Inthevoltageregulatinglink,adetailedanalysisofthepowermanagementchipbasedonTL494.ThispaperdesignedDCswitchingpowersupplywithadjustableoutputvoltage,outputcurrent,rippleissmallwaitforacharacteristic.Keywords:SwitchingPowerSupply,TL494,High-frequencyTransformer,PWMcontrol1目录开关电源设计.....................................................................................................................I摘要................................................................................................................................I第1章绪论......................................................................................................................3第一章开关电源基础技术...............................................................................................41.1开关电源概述....................................................................................................41.1.1开关电源的概念及工作原理..................................................................41.1.2开关电源的特点.....................................................................................51.2开关电源的分类.................................................................................................51.3开关电源典型结构...............................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3.1串联开关电源结构...................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3.2并联开关电源结构...................................................错误!未定义书签。1.4开关电源的技术指标.........................................................................................61.5开关电源中存在的问题............................................................................411.6开关电源的发展趋势...............................................................................412.1开关晶体管........................................................................................................92.1.1功率开关MOSFET....................................................................................92.1.2绝缘栅双极型晶体管.............................................................................112.2软磁铁氧体磁芯...............................................................................................122.2.1磁性材料的基本特性............................................................................132.2.2磁芯的结构与选用...............................................................................132.3光电耦合器.......................................................................................................142.4二极管..............................................................................................................182.4.1开关二极管...........................................................................................182.4.2稳压二极管..........................................