高一英语被动语态课件

（被动语态）被动语态的构成Rockets（火箭）________(use)tosendupsatellites（卫星）．areused构成：be+p.p语态转换1.HeteachesEnglishinourschool.Englishistaughtinourschoolbyhim.宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动2.Shegavemeabook.Iwasgivenabookbyher.Abookwasgiventomebyher.如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…）3.Hemademedothework.Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（feel,listento,hear,lethave,make,lookat,see,watch…)1.Weplantedmanytreeslastyears.Manytreesbyuslastyear.过去时的被动语态：was/were+P.P语态和时态结合wereplanted•【2012天津】2.Thelettersfortheboss_____onhisdeskbuthedidn’treadthemuntilthreedayslater.•A.wereputB.wasput•C.putD.hasput2.ShewillteachClass6.Class6byher.将来时的被动语态：Will/shall+be+PPwillbetaught•【2012湖南】22.Don’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______laterinlife.•A.willberepaidB.wasbeingrepaidC.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaid3.Manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace.Satellitesintospacebymanycountries.现在完成时的被动语:Have/has+been+PPhavebeensentup•【08安徽33】•IliketheseEnglishsongsandtheymanytimesontheradio.•A.taughtB.havetaught•C.aretaughtD.havebeentaught4.SheisteachingClass6.Class6byher.现在进行时的被动语态：is+being+ppisbeingtaught•【2012四川】11.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____.•A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuilt•【10湖北78】•Lastnight’sTVnewssaidthatbythenthedeathofthemissingpeople________（未证实）yet.(prove)•答案：hadnotbeenproved过去完成时的被动语：had+been+pp一些特殊的被动结构1.短语动词的被态:注:短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,不可省掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.e.g:Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem.•【06浙江】Hewillstopshowingoffifnonoticishim.•AtakingtoBtakingover•CtakingforDtakenof2.情态动词的被态:当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/haveto…+be+donee.g:Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.【07四川】Weallfinditnecessarythatplentyoforalpractice________togetagoodlanguagesense.A.bedoneB.mustbedoneC.oughttobedoneD.bedoing3.----Howaretheteamplaying?----Theyareplayingwell,butoneofthem_________hurt.【2002北京春季卷】A.gotB.getsC.areD.were【2012北京】29.—Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?—Yes,fortunatelynoone_____.A.hurtB.washurtC.hashurtD.hadbeenhurtgetdone侧重于动作本身.bedone侧重状态.4.【09安徽卷】Theplay_____nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced【10四川11】Inmanypeople’sopinion，thatcompany，thoughrelativelysmall，ispleasant．A．todealwithB．dealingwithC．tobedealtwithD．dealtwith主语+be+adj.+不定式tobedone5.固定句式Itissaid/reported/hoped/believedthat…据说……/据报导……/希望……/有人相信……=sb./sth.besaidtodo/tohavedone【09全国卷I】Itisoften______thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.A.saidB.tosayC.sayingD.beingsaid主动形式表被动意义①当系动词feel、look、smell、taste、sound、appear、seem、prove、go、turn、stay、become、fall、get、grow等后面接形容词或名词构成系表结构；1)Thefishsmellsgood.鱼闻起来香。②表示主语某种属性的动词，如cut、read、sell、wear、write、drive、wash、cook、dry等词后往往接副词作状语。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布易洗。Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.这些小说不畅销。③表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词通用主动式表被动义如：begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...•Theshopopensat6am.everyday．④作“需要”讲的want，need，require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动形式表被动意义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed．⑤不定式在某些形容词后作状语，且和句子的主语或宾语构成动宾关系时，用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,dangerous,safe,...•Thefishisnotfittoeat．不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语或宾语构成主谓关系时，用主动形式表被动意义；但若用在therebe结构中，主动、被动均可（口语中常用主动式）。Therearemanythingstodo/tobedone．Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.betoblame表示“应受批评、责备”，用主动形式表被动意义。•Theboyistoblameforwhathehasdone．少数不及物动词和不及物动词短不能用作被动语态形式，或换言之没有被动语态形式。rise,happen,succeed,remain,...takeplace,breakout,belongto,loseheart,consistof,addupto,...Thesunisrising.1.Thesteel_____cold．A.isfeltB.wasfeelingC.feelsD.isbeingfelt2.Hisplan_____good．A.hassoundedB.issoundingC.issoundedD.soundsTheshop_____at6am.everyday．A.opensB.openedC.isopenedD.isopening•Work_____at7pm.yesterday．A.endsB.endedC.wasendedD.hadended•Thepen______smoothly．A.waswroteB.writesC.haswritingD.iswritten•Thiscoat_____easily．A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed•Yourjacketneeds________(wash)．•Thehouserequires________(repair)．washingrepairing•Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．•WefindEnglishdifficult_________(learn)．toeattolearn•Ihavemuchhomework______(do)thisevening．•I’llgivetheboysomebooks_______(read)．todotoread•Therearemanythings______(do)nextweek．•Theboyis__________(blame)forwhathehasdone．todotobedone上句在口语中常用主动语态形式作定语toblame被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况①beseated坐着Heisseatedonabench.（Heseatshimselfonabench.）坐在凳子上。②behidden躲藏Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.(Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.)他藏在门后。③belost迷路Theboywaslostintheforest.④bedrunk喝醉Hewasdrunklastnight.⑤bedressed穿着Thegirlwasdressedinaredshortskirt.•【10山东29】Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready______foramealtobecooked.•A.laidB.layingC.tolayD.beinglaid【09海南35】Nowthatwe’vediscussedoutproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake考查with+宾语+宾语补足语的用法逻辑上动宾关系，所以空格处用过去分词表示被动