过去完成进行时

过去完成进行时PastPerfectiveProgressive1/161.Definition:•通常表示过去某个正在进行的动作或状态，一直持续到过去某个时刻，可能该动作刚刚终止，也有可能还在继续。eg:⑴.Wehadbeenwatingforhimforaboutanhourbythetimehecame.当他来的时候，我们等他已有一个小时了。（动作刚刚终止）(2).Howlonghaditbeenrainingafterhelefthome？在他离开家后，雨下了有多长时间了？（动作可能还在进行）2/162.Structure:①肯定句：S.＋had＋been＋V-ingeg:Shehadbeensufferingfromabadcoldwhenshetooktheexam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。②否定句：S.＋had＋not＋been＋V-ing『注』：这种时态很少用于否定句中，而多已过去完成时代替！eg:⑴.HehadnotpracticedEnglishformanyyears.(普通说法)⑵.HehadnotbeenpracticingEnglishformanyyears.(少见)3/16③一般疑问句：Had＋S.＋been＋V-ing?eg:Hadtheybeenexpectingthenewsforsometime?他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吗？☞肯定回答：Yes,S.＋had.☞否定回答：No,S.＋hadnot.④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组＋had＋S.＋been＋V-ing?eg:Whathadtheybeendoingforsolongbeforetheprofessorarrived?在教授到达前那么长时间，他们一直都在做些什么？4/163.Usages:•①表示过去某个时间之前一直进行的动作。•过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。和过去完成时一样，过去完成时也必须以一过去时间为前提。⑴.IhavebeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfoundit.这东西我找了好多天才找着的。⑵.Theyhadonlybeenwaitingforthebusafewmomentswhenitcame.他们只等了一会儿车就来了。5/16•②像work,study,stay,sing,teach等延续性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，用过去完成进行时可以表示一个动作一直延续到过去某一时刻，通常强调动作的持续性和不间断性。⑴.Ihadonlybeenreadingafewminuteswhenhecamein.我刚看了几分钟他就进来了。⑵.She'dbeenstudyingfortwohourswhenherlittlesistercametovisither.当她的妹妹来看他的时候，她学习已经有两小时了。6/16•③过去完成进行时还可以用在said,supposed等引起的间接引语中，代替现在完成进行时：•eg:⑴.Hesaid:“IhavebeenspeakingtoJohn.”(DirectSpeech)=HesaidthathehadbeenspeakingtoJohn.(IndirectSpeech)⑵.Hethought:“ShewaswatchingmewhenIpassed.”(DirectSpeech)=Hesaidthatshehadbeenwatchinghimwhenhehadpassed.(IndirectSpeech)7/16•④表示一个动作已经结束，但其结果仍然影响到过去的某一时刻。⑴.Hehadbeenmentioningyournametomeformanytimes.他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。(2).Ithadbeenrainingandthestreetwasstillwet.天一直在下雨，街道仍然很湿。8/164.Grammarmeanings:•①尚未完成：Hehadbeenwritingthenovel.(Hehadnotfinishedityet.)•②企图：Hehadbeenstugyingthemeaningofthisproverb.(Hewastryingtostudyit.)•③未得结果:Wehadbeenstudyingwhatourenemyhadsaid.(Butwewerenotabletounderstandit.)9/16•④最近情况：Hehadbeenquarrellingwithhiswife.(latly)•⑤反复行动：Hehadbeenaskingmethesamequestion.(manytimes)•⑥情绪：Whathadhebeendoing?(extremelyunpatient)10/165.Practices1.They▁▁ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwe▁▁onitasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.A.hadbeenworking;arestillworkingB.hadworked;werestillworkingC.hadbeenworking;haveworkedD.haveworked;arestillworking☞Key:【A】11/162.Notuntilthendidpeopleknowthathe▁▁importantmilitaryinformationtotheenemyforalongtime.A.soldB.wouldsellC.hadsoldD.hadbeenselling☞Key:【D】3.---Why,Jack,youlooksotired!---Well,I▁▁thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.A.waspaintingB.hadbeenpaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpainting☞Key:【D】12/164.---WasyourjourneytoMountainEmeipleasantlastsummer?---No,it▁▁forfivedayswhenwearrived,sotheroadswereverymuddy.A.wasrainingB.hasrainedC.hadbeenrainingD.hasbeenraining☞Key:【C】5.Themanagerwasworriedaboutthepressconferencehisassistant▁▁inhisplacebut,luckily,everythingwasgoingonsmoothly.A.gaveB.givesC.wasgivingD.hadgiven☞Key:【D】13/166.Exercise12CⅡ.Heclearly（3）▁▁(listen)toourconversationandI（4）▁▁(wonder)howmuchhe（5）▁▁(hear).WhenI（6）▁▁(ask)himwhathe（7）▁▁(do),he（8）▁▁(say)thathe（9）▁▁(drop)a50ppieceoutsidethedoorand（10）▁▁(look)forit.……Curiouslyenough,whenI（23）▁▁(move)myfootI（24）▁▁(find)thatI（25）▁▁(stand)ona50ppiece.Perhapshe（26）▁▁(tell)thetruthafterall!14/167.ReferenceVersionof12CⅡ.Heclearly（3）hadbeenlistenling(listen)toourconversationandI（4）wondered(wonder)howmuchhe（5）hadheard(hear).WhenI（6）asked(ask)himwhathe（7）hadbeendoing(do),he（8）said(say)thathe（9）haddropped(drop)a50ppieceoutsidethedoorand（10）hadbeenlooking(look)forit.……Curiouslyenough,whenI（23）moved(move)myfootI（24）found(find)thatI（25）hadbeenstanding(stand)ona50ppiece.Perhapshe（26）hadbeentelling(tell)thetruthafterall!15/16ThanksForYourListening16/16