汽车轻量化及铝合金在现代汽车生产中的应用-郑晖

412Vol.41No.2FOＲGING＆STAMPINGTECHNOLOGY20162Feb．2016檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪殏殏殏殏110136。。。DOI10.13330/j.issn.1000-3940.2016.02.001TG146.2A1000-3940201602-0001-06LightweightautomobileandapplicationofaluminumalloysinmodernautomobileproductionZhengHuiZhaoXiyaFacultyofAerospaceEngineeringShenyangAerospaceUniversityShenyang110136ChinaAbstractLightweightautomobilecansavefuelconsumptionandreduceemissionseffectivelysoithasalreadybecomethepreferredma-terialduetomaterialcharacteriticsandperformanceadvantagesofaluminumandaluminumalloy．Itwasmainlydescribedthecurrentap-plicationofaluminumalloyonthecarincludingtheproductionstatusinEuropetheUnitedStatesandChina．Itwasintroducedthattheclassificationofaluminummaterialutilizedinthepresentautomobilealuminumalloyandaluminummatrixcomposites．Furthermoreitwasintroducedtheapplicationofeachcategoryofthematerialsinthecar．AtlastbasedontheaboveresearchstatussomerestrictionfactorsofaluminumalloyinautomobiledevelopmentinChinawerepointedoutandsomesuggestionswereproposedaswell．Keywordslightweightautomobilealuminumalloymo[e-mail][e-mail]。。2000。20091364。20142372.297.3%2349.196.9%。20141544797212.4%1258415.5%。、31。2。11.13。1kg1L0.011km10000km0.7L4。50%CO213%。、5。NOx126。1Fig.1Ｒelationshipbetweeninertialmassandfuelconsumptionofcars2NOxFig.2ＲelationshipbetweeninertialmassandNOxemissionsofcars1.225%96.56km·h－110s6s6。22.1、8.13%。、、。7。28－9。2.22.2.1DavidScholes10－12。、、。。119941131999ASF1420022A8ASF325%。3A82ASFFig.3Second-generationaluminumbodyASFofnewAudiA81151980、1990、2000、2010。130、19804%201029%241201535%。2009123.8kg147.9kg118.3kg。20159%12%180kg。2010112kg99kg。。201519031416。1%Table1Changesofmaterialcompositionforautomobileparts%massfraction19801500kg/19901400kg/20001225kg/20101100kg/69583521541082716.5312912142024141818242.2.217。2.2.2.118。1。、。IMZ－FEV6VQ。ZL119、YZ118、ZL120。2。、、、、80%。。19。2.2.2.2。、18－21。1。2XXX、5XXX6XXX。2。。2Table2Wroughtaluminumalloymaterialanditsprocesscharacteristics2XXXAl－Cu－Mg5XXXAl－Mg6XXXAl－Mg－Si2。。37%～45%。60%～70%90%～100%22。2.2.2.3、、、、、。20805%～10%4。Duralcan40%～60%32。、23。2.32.3.1231。60116016380008000。2。、、。、。3。。4。。2.3.21。、。24。2。。。3。。24。4。25。26－28。3。29－31。4。1．J．200538－17．LiuJA．MakegreateffortstodevelopaluminumpartsindustryandpromotethemodernizationprogressofautomobileindustryJ．A-luminumFabrication200538－17．2．J．201211－4．ChenYL．ThedevelopmentstatusandprospectsofautomobilelightweighttechnologyJ．AutomobileTechnology＆Material201211－4．3．J．20061010－14．MaMTLiZGYiHLetal．Polarizationoflight－weightedcarsJ．WorldNonferrousMetals20061010－14．4．J．20153269－71．LiLDongJXHuangYF．ApplicationresearchonlightweightofautomotivebodyJ．Automobile＆Parts20153269－71．5．441J．201254－15．LiuJAShengCLLiuZGetal．DevelopmentandapplicationofaluminumproductsinautomobileandresearchdirectionofkeynewmaterialsJ．AluminumFabrication201254－15．6．J．20113921－13．WangZTZhangXH．AluminumalloyforautomobileusageJ．LightAlloyFabricationTechnology20113921－13．7．J．200828－10．LiaoJ．ThelightweightaluminumalloymaterialforautomobileJ．AutomobileTechnology＆Material200828－10．8．J．2008959－60．WuZHZhanZXSunQXetal．ApplicationanddevelopmentprospectofaluminumalloyinautomobileindustryJ．InnerMon-goliaScienceTechnology＆Economy2008959－60．9．J．200929226－28．MiaoJG．AnalyzingapplicationofaluminumalloymaterialsinmodernautomobilethemanufactureJ．HeilongjiangMetallur-gy200929226－28．10ShemanAndrewM．TrendinAutomotiveapplicationforaluminumA．The7thInternationalConferenceonAluminiumalloyC．CharlottesvilleViriginia2000．11BinghanLoraJA．MaterialsodysseyJ．AutomotiveIndustries20001083－89．12LuoAlen．Computationalthermodynamicsandkineticsformagnesi-umalloydevelopmentJ．AdvancedMaterialsandProcesses2015173126－30．13．J．2015223－27．ZhongQShiYLiuB．Theapplicationofaluminumalloyinau-tomotivelightweightingJ．AdvancedMaterialsIndustry2015223－27．14．J．2005125－28．ZhuJF．AluminumalloyusedforautomobileouterpanelatabroadJ．MetallurgicalInformationＲeview2005125－28．15．J．201240109－18．LiuJAShengCLLiuY．Developmentandapplicationofalu-minuminautomobileandresearchdirectionofkeynewmaterialsJ．LightAlloyFabricationTechnology201240109－18．16．“”N．2013－9－126．XieDF．TheimportanceofaluminumalloyN．ChinaNonfer-rousMetalsNews2013－9－126．17．J．201433161－163．LiuCＲ．Applicationanalysisofaluminumalloymaterialinmod-erncarmanufacturingJ．MechanicalandElectricalInformation201433161－163．18．J．20061255－58．ShiQNXiongWH．Theapplicationanddevelopmentofalumi-numalloyinautomotiveJ．NewTechnology＆NewProcess20061255－58．19．J．2006244559－562．LiuCYaoJLuW．AnalysisontheapplicationanddevelopmentstateofalloysintheautoJ．JournalofJiamusiUniversityNat-uralScienceEdition2006244559－562．20．J．2003336－39．ZhangSH．TheprogressoftheapplicationofaluminumalloyintheautomotiveJ．AutoIndustryＲesearch2003336－39．21．J．2002137－38．HuangPX．Theapplicationoflightweightmaterialofaluminumal-loyintheautomotiveJ．ShanghaiAuto2002137－38．22．J．2007740－42．ZhangZMLiX．ApplicationofaluminummetalalloyinmodernmanufacturingtechniquetoreducecarsweightJ．SpecialPur-poseVehicle2007740－42．23．J．20042120－122．WangYZhangHW．Theapplicationofmetal－