(修改)高中非谓语动词课件

非谓语动词讲解Non-predicateVerbs非谓语不定式（todo)分词动名词（-ing)过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)-ing分词-ed分词非谓语动词讲解一：构成1.谓语动词：概述：2.非谓语词：在句子中担任谓语的动词是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分(通俗地说，就是不能作谓语的动词变形）非谓语动词讲解二：谓语动词与非谓语动词判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法1.Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.2.Shegotoffthebus,but______(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leavingleft非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和非谓语动词的使用中起着关键的作用。1.Themantookoutthekey,_________(open)thedoorandenteredtheroom.2.Themansatthere,_________(read)abook.3._______(work)hard,andyouwillsucceed.4.Thequestion___________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.5.___________(improve)hisspokenEnglish,Mr.ZhanggoestotheEnglishcornereverySaturday.openedreadingWorkdiscussedToimprove考纲解读非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。既是高考的亮点又是高考的热点。【高考考点透视】1．非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法对比。2．非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。3．非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。4．不定式与动名词，动名词与现在分词，现在分词与过去分词，分词作状语与独立结构等用法对比。非谓语动词讲解三：5．不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别是考查的热点。6．过去分词作定语，不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。7．不定式标志to和介词to的用法判断等。8．带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区别。不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语。分词相当于形容词、副词充当表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语.非谓语动词讲解四：句法作用1Theteacherssittingtherearefromotherschools.表语2Wesawsometeacherssittingthere.宾语补足语3Weneedtobeactiveinclass.宾语谓语宾语主语定语连系动词非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.4.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.5.Iwanttoseeyou.6.Iwanthimtoseeyou.7.Myhopeistoseeyou.8.Heisthemantoseeyou.9.I’mgladtoseeyou.10.Iwenttoseeyou.11.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√12.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.13.Heenjoysswimming.14.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.15.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.16.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.17.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作状语)(作定语)非谓语动词讲解动词不定式（TheInfinitive）一.动词不定式的基本构成由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成非谓语动词讲解五主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoingtohavebeendoing不定式时态的用法1.不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，或之后发生用一般时态1)Hewanted___________(see)you.2)Ihope___________(see)youagain._______2.强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态WhenIcamein,hepretended(read)abook.3.强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时Heissaid_________________(write)anovellastyear.4.强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去时，用完成进行式Sheissaid(work)ontheproblemformanyyears.非谓语动词讲解六toseetoseetobereadingtohavewrittentohavebeenworking•不定式被动语态的用法•当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态•Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.•Sheasked______________(send)toworkinTibet.•Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.tobesenttohavebeentranslated非谓语动词讲解七：如何确定动词不定式的语态技巧：找逻辑主语1.Iopenedthedoor_________(enter)theroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeeting__________________(hold)tomorrow.㈠.一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。toentertobeheld(二）进行式（三）完成式1.Iamveryglad_______________(work)withyou.2.Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。tobeworkingtohavebeentranslated解题技巧非谓语动词题目三步走：①谓语动词/句型的要求:解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；②主被动关系:找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；③时间先后顺序:搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；非谓语动词讲解八：EXX.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgiven.1.Tomhappened_____________(pass)bywhentheyspokeillofhim.2.Weallhope___________(become)scientists.3.Weallwant____________(take)partinthesportsmeet.4.Ihappened______________(read)thearticlewhenheaskedmeaboutit.5.Hepretended_______________(be)adriver.6.Whenthefathercamehome,thenaughtyboypretended________________(do)hishomework.tobepassingbebecometotaketohavereadtobetobedoing7.Heissaidto___________(write)anovelnow.bewriting8.Heissaid___________________(send)toLondonalready.9.Sheissaid_________________(meet)afairyoneday.10.Aliceissaid_______________(do)herhomeworkinherownroomnow.11.Idon’texpectthem_____________(wait)formewhenIarrivedtheresolate.12.Theseboysaresaid______________(praise)fordoinggoodsdeeds.tohavebeensenttohavemettobedoingtobewaitingtobepraised动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。IwanttoseeyouthiseveningAllyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补非谓语动词讲解1.作主语不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。Toseeistobelieve．Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault.注：常用it做形式主语，将todo放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It+谓语+todoIttakesusanhour________(get)therebybus.句型2：It’s+n.+todoIt’sourduty_________(help)thepoor.Itisagreatenjoyment___________(spend)ourholidayinthemountains二.动词不定式的句法作用非谓语动词讲解togettohelptospend句型3：Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth（是形容人的品质的）（是形容事物的性质的）Itiseasy______metofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonor_______ustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.Itisverykind___youtogivemesomehelp.It'simpolite___youtospeaktotheteacherlikethat.＝Youareverykindtogivemesomehelp.＝youareimpolitetospeaktotheteacherlikethat.非谓语动词讲解forforofof2.作表语1).如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。(一致性)_______(do)twothingsatatimeistodoneither．一次做两件事等于未做。_________(see)istobelieve.百闻不如一见。（眼见为实）2)系动词be,appear,seem,prove后用todo形式做表语；betodo,beabouttodo结构表将来时:HeistomarryRose.Hewasabout________(enter)whenheheardacry.非谓语动词讲解TodoToseetoenter3).如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，prob