五、实用文体翻译(2)商务信函、通知

ChapterFivePracticalWritings(2)ContentsI.ReviewandhomeworkcheckingII.BusinesslettersIII.NoticesandnotesIV.SummaryV.AssignmentII.GeneralIntroductiontopracticalwritings比较依据应用文书的特点文学作品的特点目的格式取材语言语言实际化有事而发抒情化有感而发程式化约定俗成,法定使成自由化自由想象真实化生活真实虚拟化艺术真实平实化简洁朴实准确规范形象化生动形象含蓄朦胧Thecomparisonbetweenpracticalwritingsandliteraryworks:I.ReviewandhomeworkcheckingI.Reviewandhomeworkchecking孟母教子孟子幼时家迁居墓地附近，耳濡目染的尽是些丧葬礼仪的事情，他和小朋友一起模仿着挖墓筑坟的祭奠。孟母感到长此下去对儿子的教育不利，于是就搬家了。新居靠近集市，孟子又学商人做买卖，怎样和人讨价还价，孟母不愿自己的孩子长大成个商人，于是又搬家了。第三次的新居在学校附近，孟子就跟着学生学习诗书礼仪，揖让进退，等等。孟母认为找到了理想的地方，于是决定在这里长住下去。由此可见，孟母深知环境对孩子成长的影响。这就是“孟母三迁”故事的由来。HowMencius’MotherTeachesHerSon1Heandhisplaymatesimitatedburyingandmourningproceedings.WhenMenciuswasyoung,hisfamilylivednearcemetery,fullyexposedtofuneralceremonies.Mencius’thoughtthesurroundingswerenotgoodforhiseducationsoshedecidedtomove.Theymovedtoaplacenexttoafair,andMenciusbegantolearnthewaysofbusinesspeople,bargainingandhaggling.Hismotherdidn’twanthersontobecomeabusinessmansoshemovedagain.Thistimetheymovedintothehousenearaschool,andMenciusbegantolearntheClassicsandetiquettealongwiththestudents.Hismotherthoughtthiswastherightplaceforhimanddecidedtostaythereforgood.ThisshowsthatMencius’motherrealizedtheimportanceofenvironmentforchildren’sgrowingup.Thesearethestoriesabouthow“Mencius’mothermovedthreetimes”I.Reviewandhomeworkchecking孟子逐渐成长，一次未到放学时间就回家了，孟母把他叫到织布机旁，让他看自己织布。织了很长一段时间，孟母突然用刀子把布割断，孟子不明白怎么回事，连忙问母亲究竟。这时孟母耐心地对他说：“你学习半途而废，就如同我把这本来可以织成完整的一批布割断是一个道理。”母亲的谆谆教导，深深地印在孟子的脑海中，从此他奋发图强，刻苦读书，终于成了战国时期，也是我国历史上著名的思想家、教育家。Oneday,Menciuscamebackbeforeschoolletout.Hismothercalledhimtotheloomandlethimwatchherweaving.Afteralongtime,shesuddenlycuttheclothshehadwovenwithaknife,muchtoMencius,bewilderment.WhenMenciusaskedhismotherexplained,“Ifyouquitschoolhalfway,itislikemycuttingtheclothbeforeitiscompleted.”Mother’swordswerefirmlybrandedintheson’smind.Fromthenon,hestudiedassiduouslyandbecameagreatthinkerandeducatoroftheWarringPeriodandhehasbeenrememberedassuchthroughoutChinesehistory.I.ReviewandhomeworkcheckingYouthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisoftenexistsinmanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowstheheartandturnsthespiritbacktodust.青春不是指生命的一段，而是指一种精神状态；它并不是指红润的面颊，透红的嘴唇和灵便的腿脚，而是指坚强的意志，丰富的想像和强烈的感情。它是指生命的源头活水的清新之感。青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙热的恋情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。青春意味着在气质上勇敢多于怯懦，冒险进取多于舒适苟安，这在60岁老年人中往往比在20岁的青年人中更为常见。青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯懦，进取压倒苟安。如此锐气，二十后生有之，六旬男子则更多见。人之变老不仅由于年岁的增长，我们之变老常常是因为放弃了对理想的追求。岁月有加并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。年岁也许会使皮肤增添皱纹，可是一旦丧失热忱，灵魂上的皱纹就会随即出现。岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓废必至灵魂。忧虑、恐惧和缺乏自信会使人心灰意冷，意志消沉。忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使心灵扭曲，意气如灰。I.ReviewandhomeworkcheckingWhether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeing’sheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhat’snextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation:solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheInfinite,solongareyouyoung.Whentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareup,tocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumaydieyoungat80.无论是60岁，还是16岁，新奇事物对每个人都有吸引力；只要童心未泯，就会对未来有好奇心和享受人生的乐趣。无论年届花甲，抑或二八芳龄，心中皆有生命之欢乐，好奇之冲动，孩童般天真久盛不衰。在你的心中和我的心中都有一座无线电台：只要它总在接受人类和上帝发出的美、希望、鼓励、勇气和力量的信息，你就会永远不老。人人心中皆有一架天线，只要你从天上人间接受美好、希望、欢乐、勇气和力量的信号，你就青春永驻，风华常存。假若你将天线收起，使你的心灵蒙上玩世不恭的霜雪和悲观厌世的冰层，那么即使你年方20，你也老气横秋；然而只要你将天线竖起，去接收乐观主义的电波，那么你就有希望即使活到80岁死去，也仍然是年轻。一旦天线落下，锐气便被冰雪覆盖，玩世不恭、自暴自弃油然而生，即使年方二十，实已垂垂老矣；然则只要竖起天线，扑捉乐观信号，你就有望在八十高龄告别尘寰时仍觉年轻。II.BusinesslettersSample1May10,2003YourExcellency,Thevarioussubjectswediscussedyesterdaywereallmattersofverygreatimportance.Toavoidpossiblemisunderstandinginourtalk,Ihavecomposedamemorandumofthesubjectswecovered.IbegtosenditherewithtoYourExcellencyandtoaskyoutoexamineitandtoseeifthereareanymistakestherein.Ihopeyouwillfavormewithareplyatyourearliestconvenience.Iavailmyselfofthisopportunitytoexpresstoyoumybestwishes.(Signed,infullname)ChargedAffairesad.InterimoftheEmbassyoftheU.S.A.外交大臣阁下：昨日与阁下所谈各项事务都极为重要。为避免言语之间可能有误会之处，兹将所商各事拟成备忘录一份呈上。请阁下查阅其间有无错误，并希早日答复为盼。顺致敬意美利坚合众国大使馆临时代办（签署全名）2003年5月10日II.BusinesslettersSample2Dearsir，WewishtodrawyourattentiontotheresultofinspectionmadebyCCIBShanghaioftheconsignmentofsulphurunderContractNo.OXHJ73091MCShippedpers.s.“Sanming”anddischargedatShanghai:purity:99.81%whichis0.09%lowerthan99.9%asstipulatedinthecontract;acidity:0.066%whichis0.056%higherthanthecontracted0.01%;hydrocarbon:0.101%whichishigherby0.031%than0.07%asstipulatedinthecontract.先生：OXHJ73091MC合同项目下的硫磺由SANMING轮运卸上海，希望贵方能对中国上海进出口商品检验局检验的结果予以重视。检验发现该批货物的纯度：99.81%，比合同规定的99.9%低0.09%；酸度：0.066%，比合同规定的0.01%高0.056%；碳水化合物：0.101%，比合同规定的0.07高0.031%。II.BusinesslettersSample2Onthestrengthoft