ARKEMA-材料

ImpactModifiersforEngineeringthermoplasticsAlainBouilloux-BDI-October2003•ObjectivesToreducebrittlebehaviourofengineeringpolymerssuchasPolyesters,PA.PETandPBThavegoodmechanicalandthermalproperties(flexuralmodulusetc.)buttheirmaindefectsarethepoorimpactresistanceatlowtemperatures(-30°C,-40°C)andsensitivitytonotch•SolutionTodispersehomogeneouslyinsmallparticlesanelastomericpolymer(lowTg)inthesemi-cristallinePolyestermatrixinordertoreducethebrittlebehaviorbyamechanismwhichabsorbsenergyandavoidscrackpropagationImpactModification•Theelastomericpolymerisnotalwaysmiscibleandgenerallynotcompatiblewiththepolyestermatrix.Itisnecessarytocompatibilizeusinganamphiphilicpolymerthatactslikeasoapforanoil/watermixtureImpactModificationPolyesterCOOHNonreactiveelastomericpolymerPolyesterCOOHNonreactiveelastomericpolymer(ex:Lotryl)compatibilizer(ex:Lotader)Noncohesiveproduct-Poormechanicalproperties+compatibilizerCohesiveproduct-Goodmechanicalproperties•Nodularstructuresareformed‘’insitu’’duringcompounding:Example:Polyester-COOH+LotaderGMA-Polyester-g-LotaderExample:Polyamide-NH2+LotaderMAH-Polyester-g-LotaderLOTADERimprovesinterfacialadhesion,reducesinterfacialtensionandasaconsequencereducestheparticlesizeImpactModificationPolyesterCOOHLotadercompatibilizerCohesiveproduct=Polyester-g-LotaderOOOCOOH12PA-NH2Lotadercompatibilizer=PA-g-LotaderOOOOONH2ImpactModificationz1-Classicalmethod=useLotaderRaloneasanimpactmodifierz2–UseLotaderasacompatibilizer+anonreactiveelastomer(ex:Lotryl)PolyesterCOOHLotaderAX8900ElastomericPolymer=Lotrylcompatibilizer=Polyester-g-LotaderPolyester-g-Lotaderz1z2-Lotader&Lotrylforheatstability(processtemperatures240°C)-Highcontentofco-monomerforSoftness(impactresistance)-LotaderMAHforPAandLotaderGMAforPolyestersImpactModificationz1-Classicalmethod=useLotaderRaloneasanimpactmodifierz2–UseLotaderasacompatibilizer+anonreactivepolymer(ex:Lotryl)z3–Crosslinkeddispersedphase(highcontent,highflexibilityandmeltstrength)PolyesterCOOHLotaderAX8900ElastomericPolymer=Lotrylcompatibilizer=Polyester-g-LotaderPolyester-g-Lotaderz1z2DispersedPhase=CrosslinkedLotader(s)z3COMPOUNDINGCONDITIONS(forPBT)PBT:UltradurB4500fromBASFW&PZSK40(L/D=40)Melttemperature:250-265°CThroughput:40-80kg/hrScrewspeed:150-300rpmDriedbeforeinjection:(80°Covernight/vaccum)PBT(asPBT(asreceived))VacuumVacuumLotrylLotrylandand/orLotader/orLotaderGlassGlassFibersFibersbybysidesideFeederFeederTypicalmorphologiesofaPAandaPBTmodifiedwith20%ofLotader(Scanningelectronmicroscopyafterfractureatlowtemperature+extractionofthedispersedphase+metallizationofthesurface+imageanalysis(particlesizedistribution))PA66/Lotader4700(80/20)PBT/LotaderAX8900(80/20)Theaverageparticlesizeislowerthan1µmIMPACTTEST:Notched&UnnotchedCharpyizodcharpyiso180iso179-82iso179-93nouvellenormeISO179-93newstandardSpecimen:80x10x4mmStandard:ISO179-931-Injectionofthespecimen2-Annealing16hrs@100°C(forPETonly)3-Notched4-Conditioning:50%HR/RT/14days5-Impacttest•OpticalmicrographofPBTafterCharpyImpactTestfailure(notched,23°C)BehaviourduringimpacttestofmodifiedPBT(Charpy,Notched)•Opticalmicrographof80/20(wt%)PBT/LotaderAX8900afterCharpyImpactTestfailure(notched,23°C)PBT:PBT:BrittleBrittlePBT+20%AX8900:DuctilePBT+20%AX8900:DuctileEffectoftheimpactmodifierinCPETEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADER01234560246810121416Chocà+23°C(enKJ/M2)Chocà-30°C(enKJ/M2)+16%deLotader/LotrylCPETpurOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOL024681012141601020304050607080Chocà+23°C(enKJ/M2)Chocà-40°C(enKJ/M2)+10%deLotader4720+15%de4720+20%de4720PA6purEffectoftheLotader4720inPA6SomeexamplesofapplicationsEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADEROREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOL‹CompoundsPAinAutomotive‹CompoundsPAinElectrical‹CompoundsPAinSport‹CompoundsPAinBuilding‹PolyestersinPackaging‹PolyestersinElectronicEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADEROREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLCompoundsPA&AutomotiveEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADEROREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPA&AutomotiveOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADEROREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPA&ElectricalPlugs,Lighters…OREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPA&ElectricalCoversOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLCompoundsPA&ElectricalEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERConnectorsOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPA&SportsOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLCompoundsPA&BuildingEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADEROREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPAOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPolyesters:ElectronicOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLEVATANEEVATANELOTRYLLOTRYLLOTADERLOTADERCompoundsPolyesters:miscellaneousOREVACOREVACSOARNOLSOARNOLAlloys‹PC/PBT&PC/ABS‹FlexibleTPEbasedonPAEVATANEEVATANELOT