电子设计大赛-消防车报告

编号：B甲1602消防智能电动车（B题）参赛学生：常蓝天夏欢李鸿伟专业：电子信息工程学校：山东师范大学指导教师：杨济民黄发忠赵捷2006山东省大学生电子设计竞赛第2页共37页2006-9摘要本设计中智能小车采用两块凌阳SPCE061A单片机作为检测和控制的核心，实现电动车的智能控制，包括路面寻线、火源检测、智能避障、路程测量、智能灭火、数码管显示、语音报警等功能。寻线方式采用反射式光电传感器感知与地面颜色有较大差别的引导线，障碍物判断采用集成红外传感器，火源探测利用红外传感器加比较器。驱动电机采用直流电机，电机控制方式为PWM控制。电机控制核心采用凌阳SPCE061A单片机，控制系统与电路用光电耦合器完全隔离以避免干扰。实现的功能是：从安全区出发，自动检测火源并选择路线灭火，遇到障碍物能够实现智能躲避，两个火源均完全灭掉后按原路回到安全区。在此过程中遇到不同情况会用不同声音报警，并显示灭火数目和小车的路程。关键词：火源探测路面寻线智能避障SimpleIntelligentizedElectricMotorsAutomobileAbstract:Basedontwomicrocontrollers,SPCE061AofSUNPLUS,themodelcarcanraceintelligentlybydetectingwhitelinesontheblackground..Includingtheroadsurfacehunting,thefirehazardexamination,theintelligenceevadebond,thedistancesurvey,theintelligentfirefighting,thenixietubedemonstrated,thealarmthefireandsoonthefunctions.Thehuntingwayusesthereflectiontypeelectro-opticalsensorsensationandthegroundcolorhasthewidedifferenceinletline.Theobstaclejudgmentusestheintegratedinfraredsensor.Thefirehazardsurveyuseinfraredsensoraddsthecomparator.Electricalmachineryisdirectcurrentmachine,TheelectricalmachinerycontrolmodeisthePWMcontrol.TheelectricalmachinerycontrolcoreusesinsultsthepositiveSPCE061Amonolithicintegratedcircuit,Thecontrolsystemandcircuitisolatescompletelywiththephotoelectricitycoupleravoidsdisturbing.Therealizationfunctionis:Embarksfromthesafearea,Theautomaticdetectionfirehazardandchoosestheroutefirefighting,Meetstheobstacletobeabletorealizetheintelligentavoidance,Aftertwofireareputoutcompletely,itreturntothesafeareaaccordingtotheoldroute.Encountersthedifferentsituationinthisprocesstobeabletousethedifferentsoundtoreportthepolice,Anddemonstratesthefirefightingnumberandthedistance.thecarcoveredKeywords:searchfortheline,intelligently,searchforthefire2006山东省大学生电子设计竞赛第3页共37页2006-9目录1系统方案选择与论证..................................................................................................................41.1设计要求.............................................................................................................................41.1.1任务..........................................................................................................................41.1.2要求..........................................................................................................................41.2系统方案对比论证.............................................................................................................51.2.1系统总体方案设计论证..........................................................................................51.2.2各模块方案选择与论证..........................................................................................61.2.3系统各模块的最终方案........................................................................................152.系统的软、硬件设计与实现......................................................................................................162.1.系统硬件基本组成部分的设计思想...............................................................................162.1.1控制部分................................................................................................................162.1.2检测部分................................................................................................................172.1.3功能实现部分........................................................................................................182.2主要单元电路的电路图和说明.......................................................................................182.2.1控制部分单元电路图............................................................................................182.2.2检测部分的单元电路图........................................................................................222.2.3功能实现部分........................................................................................................232.3系统的软件设计...............................................................................................................252.3.1系统主程序流程图................................................................................................262.3.2各部分子程序设计................................................................................................273系统测试、调整..........................................................................................................................293.1各部分测试过程和数据...................................................................................................293.1.1线路检测部分测试................................................................................................293.1.2火焰检测部分测试................................................................................................293.1.3红外探障部分测试...............................................................................................313.2系统实现的功能测试.......................................................................................................313.3整车测试...........................................................................................................................313.4测试仪器..............................................................................................