定语从句疑难点

考点分析•定语从句是重要的英语语法知识点之一，是高考必考的知识点，通常以单项选择题的形式出现。涉及的知识点包括限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句、介词+关系代词型定语从句和含插入语式的定语从句,形式多样，结构复杂。题目的设置主要考查定语从句关系词的选择。最近几年，题目的设置注重了定语从句与其他从句的混合考查，这一点应该值得考生高度重视。thatVSwhich1.Thefirstlesson_____Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.2.Thatisthebestway_____hasbeenusedagainstpollution.3.Theytalkofthingsandpersons_____theyrememberedintheschool.4.Doyouhaveanything_____youwanttosayforyourself?5.Thisisthemostinterestingfilm_____Ihaveeverseen.6.Shanghaiisnolongerthecity_____itusedtobe.Let’sFindouttherulesthatthatthatthatthatthat1.先行词是不定代词all,much,little,everything,nothing,something,anything,few,none,theone时。2.当先行词前有theonly;thevery;any;few;little;no;all等修饰词时。3.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。4.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。5.先行词既有人也有物时。6.当先行词在从句中作表语时。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.7.主句已有疑问词who/which时。Whoistheboythatdancesthebestinyourclass?只用that不用which的情况:关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导此时关系代词只能用which或whom;不可用that或who代替Themoneywithwhichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.★★含有介词的动词短语,若拆开会影响词意,则一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.介词＋关系代词关系代词前介词的确定1.根据先行词的习惯搭配e.g.I’llneverforgetthetimeIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.2.根据定语从句中动词所需习惯搭配e.g.Iboughtagreatmanybooks,Ispentallmymoney.3.根据逻辑关系e.g.Thecolorlessgaswecannotliveiscalledoxygen.duringwhichonwhichwithoutwhichExercises1.Theperson_________Ispokejustnowisthemanager.2.Thepencil_____________hewaswritingwasbroken.3.Wereadnewspaperseveryday,___________wecanlearnalotofnews.4.I’llneverforgettheday______________shesaidgood-byetome.5.Whocangivemethereason______________hehasn’tturnedupyet?6.AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown______________hegrewupasachild.towhomwithwhichfromwhichonwhichforwhichinwhichwhenwhywhere关系副词在定语从句中作状语Wherewhenwhy可以用：介词+关系代词(which)替代1.ThisistheofficeIusedtowork.2.I’llneverforgetthetimeIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.3.I’dlikeyoutoexplainthereasonyouwereabsent.where/inwhichwhen/duringwhichwhy/forwhich抽象地点：situation/case/point/stage/scenewherewhere前必是地点when前必是时间why前必是原因Makecomparison1.Thehouse_________theyliveinisnotlarge.Thehouse_______theyliveisnotlarge.(that/which)where2.Thisisthereasonmysongaveme.Thisisthereason________mysonishere.(that/which)whyMakecomparison3.October1isaday________wewillneverforget.October1isaday______ournewChinawasfounded.(that/which)when关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语(表语),定语(whose)关系副词在定语从句中作状语Exercises:1(四川卷）Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where2(天津卷）Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which3(创新P46-6)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity___sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whichB.whereC.whoseD.when限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句•不可缺少•没有逗号•附加说明•有逗号•不能用that引导非限定性定语从句关系代词which可指代整个句子•Hewaslateagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.也可用关系代词as来指代整个句子,从句可位于句首、句中或句末。•Asisknowntousall,theearthturnsaroundthesun.•David,asyouknow,isafamousactor.•Smokingisharmfultoone’shealth,asweallknow.可用all/some/both/most/none/neither/each/few等+of+whom/which引导定语从句•1.Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomareworkingabroad.•2.Therewere24passengersonthebus,allofwhomwerechildren.•3.Thereweremanythingsleft,someofwhicharealmostfinished.Exercises:1.（全国卷II）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which2.（北京卷）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that3.(湖南卷)JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that定语从句与某些从句/句型的比较Theidea_____weinvitedhimyesterdayisquitegood.Theidea_________hethoughtofisquitegood.区别要素：连接词是否充当成分——that同位语从句不充当句子成分,连接作用,且不能省略定从中做主语、宾语或表语。that(that/which)1:定语从句与同位语从句的判断与区别同位语从句定语从句2.定语从句与强调句型:1.Itwasevening___hisfatherreturnedfromwork.A.thatB.whenC.soD.which2.Itwastherailwaystation___Imethertheotherday.A.whereB.thatC.thereD.whichItis/was…that…3.定语从句与并列句1.Hehastwochildren,andbothof____areabroad.Hehastwochildren,bothof_____areabroad.2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood;______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood，______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.themwhomitwhich