2008年3月PETS5考试笔试真题及答案

2008年3月PETS5笔试真题及答案SECTIONI:ListeningComprehensionSECTIONII:UseofEnglishReadthefollowingtextandfilleachofthenumberedspaceswithONEsuitableword.WriteyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Childrenwhogriptheirpenstooclosetothewritingpointarelikelytobeatadisadvantageinexaminations,(1)_____tothefirstseriousinvestigationintothewayinwhichwritingtechniquecandramaticallyaffecteducationalachievement.Thesurveyof643childrenandadults,agedfrompre-schoolto40-plus,alsosuggests(2)_____pen-holdingtechniqueshavedeterioratedsharplyoveronegeneration,withteachersnowpayingfar(3)______attentiontocorrectpengripandhandwritingstyle.StephanieThomas,alearningsupportteacher(4)______findingshavebeenpublished,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethisarea(5)_______shenoticedthatthosepupilswhohadthemosttroublewithspelling(6)______hadapoorpengrip.WhileMs.Thomascouldnotestablishasignificantstatisticallink(7)______pen-holdingstyleandaccuracyinspelling,she(8)______findhugedifferencesintechniquebetweentheyoungchildrenandthematureadults,andadefinite(9)________betweennear-pointgrippingandslow,illegiblewriting.Peoplewho(10)______theirpensatthewritingpointalsoshowothercharacteristics(11)______inhibitlearning,(12)_______aspoorposture,leaningtoo(13)______tothedesk,usingfourfingerstogripthepen(14)______thanthree,andclumsypositioningofthethumb(whichcanobscure(15)______isbeingwritten.Ms.Thomasbelievesthatthe(16)______betweenolderandyoungerwritersis(17)________toodramatictobeaccountedforsimplybythepossibilitythatpeoplegetbetteratwritingastheygrow(18)________.Sheattributesittoafailuretoteachthemosteffectivemethods,pointingoutthatthedifferencesbetween(19)_______groupscoincideswiththeabandonmentofformalhandwritinginstructioninclassroomsinthesixties.The30-year-oldsshowedahugerangeofgrips,(20)________theover40sgroupallhadauniform’tripod’grip.SECTIONIII:ReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyou?regardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard.Thereisadirectrelationship,USSmithnoted,betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,Dr.Dustaninsists.Formostofusitprobablydoesn’tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.Dustan’smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,reintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonablemoderationinsaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissaltallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocallowsaltexponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jr.admitsthatwedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.Itisnotyourenemy,saysDr.Laragh.SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon’tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed[A]exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth.[B]curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders.[C]correlateshighlywithsomediseases.[D]isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease.2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat[A]alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople.[B]theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure.[C]thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient.[D]anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone.3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat[A]peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt.[B]doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt.[C]anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease.[D]excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation.4.Thephrasevocal...exponent(line2,para.4)mostprobablyrefersto[A]eloquentdoctor.[B]articulateopponent.[C]loudspeaker.[D]strongadvocate.5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?[A]Thatthesaltscareisnotjustified.[B]Thatthecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.[C]Thatthemoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.[D]Thatsaltconsumptionistobepromoted.PartBInthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQ