mark twain mirror of america高级英语讲义 马克 美国的镜子

AdvancedEnglishUnit9Book1WhoisMarkTwain?•MarkTwain(pseudonymofSamuelLanghorneClemens,1835-1910),wasanAmericanwriter,journalistandhumorist,whowonaworldwideaudienceforhisstoriesoftheyouthfuladventuresofTomSawyerandHuckleberryFinn.•Mark·Twainishispenname,thispennametakesfromsailor'sshoptalk,themeaningisthewaterdepth1.8meters,whitthisdepththeshipmaypasssafelyMarkTwain•RealName•Meaning•Life•Works•AssessmentMarkTwain:(1835-1910)SamuelLanghorneClemensTwoFathomsdeep—thedepthofwaternecessaryforthesteamerboatstopasssafelyEarlylifeexperience•BoyinalittletowninMississippi•At11,helosthisfather•At13,hestoppedschooling•Trampprinter•SteamboatpilotontheMississippi•Confederateguerrilla•Prospector•Reporteronthefarwesternfrontier•TravelerabroadWhatworksdidhewrite?MainWorks•TheAdventuresofTomSawyerTheAdventureofHuckleberryFinnOtherWorks•ThePrinceandthePauper•TheCopandtheAnthem•RunningforGovernor•The£1,000,000Bank-Note•TheInnocentsAbroad•TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty•TheGildedAgeHisMisfortunesFinancialdifficultiesPersonaltragedieshisfatherhisbrotherhistwo-daughtershissonhiswifeWhat’shisinfluence?•HeisfirstwriterabovetheAmericanhistoryofliteraturewhowriteswiththepureAmericanspokenlanguage,foundedagenerationofliterarystyle,Faulknerhadcalledhimwas“TheFatheroftheAmericanLiterature”.•Hisworkswritingfreshlyandpowerfully,theanglenaturally,carefullyanduniquely,regardedastheAmericanhistoryofliterature’sepoch-makingsignificancerealismwork.•HeissaidtobetheLincolnoftheAmericanliterature.ABriefAssessmentRemarks:MarkTwainisapartofAmerica.HispersonalsuccessandfailurewerethoseofAmerica.Hemoved,alongwithAmerica,frominnocencetoexperience.ErnestHemingway:AllmodernAmericanliteraturecomesfromonebookbyMarkTwaincalledHuckleberryFinn....Therewasnothingbefore.Therehasbeennothingasgoodsince.MarkTwainandtheBarberObjectivesofTeaching:1.Tocomprehendthewholetext2.Tolearnandmasterthevocabularyandexpressions3.Tolearntoparaphrasethedifficultsentences4.Tounderstandthestructureofthetext5.Toappreciatethestyleandrhetoricofthepassage.II.QuestionsforTextUnderstanding•1.Whatisabiography?•2.Ifyouwereaskedtowriteabiographyofsb.,howareyougoingtoarrangeallthematerialavailable.Whatisthegeneralwayofwritingabiography?•3.Whatkindoflanguagedoyouexpecttoencounterandwhy?•4.Whatistheauthor'sappraisalofMarkTwain?II.QuestionsforTextUnderstanding•5.WhowasMarkTwain?Whathadhebeenbeforehebecameanauthor?Andwheredidhispennamecomefrom?•6.SaysomethingaboutthehistoricalbackgroundofMarkTwain'stime.•7.HowmanystagesdoyouthinktheauthordivideMarkTwain'slifeinto?III.BackgroundInformation:•NationalGeographicMagazine,withacirculationofmorethan10millioncopiesannually,isthethirdbiggestonlynexttoTVGuideandReader'sDigest(morethan16million).ItisamonthlyjournalrunbytheNationalGeographicSocietybasedinWashingtonDC,anon-profitscientificandeducationalorganization.•Question:•Whatisabiography?III.BackgroundInformation:•Abiographyis,bydefinition,anaccountofsomeone'slifethathasbeenwrittenbysomeoneelse.Orawrittenhistoryofsomeone'slife.•Generally,abiographyisaboutsb.whoenjoyscertainreputation,whohasacquiredcertainfamebyhis/hersuccessincertainarea.Theprotagonistcanbeapositiveornegativecharacter.III.BackgroundInformation:•AbriefoutlineofTom•TomliveswithhisyoungerbrotherSidandAuntPollyinSt.Petersburg,aremotetownonthebanksoftheMississippiriver.WhilehisbrotherSidisa“model”boy,Tomisquitetheoppositeofhisbrother.III.BackgroundInformation:•Atschoolhedisobeyshisteacherandalwaysbusieshimselfwithoutsidemattersatthelessons.Tom’sbosomfriendisHuckFinn,aboydesertedbyhisdrunkardofafatherandlookeduponasanoutcastinthetown.II.BackgroundInformation:•ButTomhasreadmanybooksandwantstomakehislifejustasbrightasitisdepictedinthestories.HedevisesgamesinwhichtheboysplaytheroleofbraveoutlawsandwarlikeRedIndianswhoaretheterroroftherichandtheoppressors.II.BackgroundInformation:•OnenighttheboysinvoluntarilywitnessthemurderofDr.Robinson.Aninnocentmanischargedwiththecrime.ButonthedayofthetrialTomfearlesslyexposestherealcriminaltheIndianJoewhoescapesthroughanopenwindowofthecourtroom.II.BackgroundInformation:•Anothernight,theboyswentouttodigforhiddentreasuresnearadesertedhousethreemilesfromtown.Theretheyalmostfallintothehandsofthemurdererwhoaccidentallyfindsaboxfilledwithgoldcoins.II.BackgroundInformation:•ShortlyaftertheincidentTomgoestoapicnicwithapartyofschoolmates.Exploringacave,hegetslostwithBeckyThatcher,thedaughteroftheJudge.Tombehaveslikeabraveboy,calmsBecky’sfearsandfindsthewayoutofthecave.II.BackgroundInformation:•Inafewdays’timeTomandHuckreturntothecave.Theyfindthedeadbodyofthemurderer,whocouldnothavefoundthewayoutofthecaveandalsothehiddentreasures.II.BackgroundInformation:•AbriefoutlineofHuck•TomandHuckfindthemoney.Theyeachgetsixthousanddollars,whichtheydepositwithJudgeThatcher.TheWidowDouglastakesHuckforhersonandtriesto“civilize”him.II.BackgroundInformation:•Inthemeantime,Huck’sfathertriestogetthemoneyandsucceedsinkidnappingtheboyandimprisonshiminalonelycabin.Tofreehimselffromboththeboringwidowandthebrutalfather,Huckrunsawa