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SAT文法考点梳理唐瑶tangyaograce第二节代词与指代在英语中,为使表达简洁,常用代词指代句中出现过的名词,这个代词和指代对象在人称和数方面保持一致。如出现Mary,则代词只能用she(主格)或her(宾格),如指代对象是students,则代词只能是they(主格)或them(宾格),their(形容词性物主代词),theirs(名词性物主代词)。第二节代词与指代2020/2/27代词包括:人称代词(PersonalPronoun)反身代词(ReflexivePronoun)指示代词(DemonstrativePronoun)疑问代词(InterrogativePronoun)关系代词(RelativePronoun)不定代词(IndefinitePronoun)考察知识点:代词与指代的对象要在数、性和人称方面保持一致关系。第二节代词与指代2020/2/27知识点1:人称代词我:I(主格),me(宾格)你:you(主宾格一致)他:he(主格),him(宾格)她:she(主格),her(宾格)它:it(主宾格一致)我们:we(主格),us(宾格)你们:you(主宾格)他们:they(主格),them(宾格)在句子中区分主宾格的正确使用,主格用于动作的发出者,主语;宾格用于动作的受动者和介词后面,即宾语或介词补足语。第二节代词与指代2020/2/27人称代词知识考察点:1.人称代词在比较级的句子中作主语,则用主格;作宾语,则用宾格:e.g.:Heisn’tnearlyassmartashe(is).Itrustyouasmuchasher.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27人称代词知识点2:当人称代词在强调句中作中心成分时,常用主格:Itishewhodidit.Itiswewhomustbeartheburdenofthetaxprogram,eventhoughitwastheywhoinitiatedit.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27e.g.:Hearingtheunexpectedloudnoise,Cindy,Leroy,AandmeweresostartledthatwealmostjumpedBCoutofseats.NoerrorBDE第二节代词与指代2020/2/27人称代词所有格:第一人称:my,our;mine,ours第二人称:your;yours第三人称:his,her,its,their;his,hers,theirs,its第二节代词与指代2020/2/27人称代词所有格:所有格用于表示联系,常用来指某人有某物或某物属于某人。Luke’sdiary.Ourneighbor’sbirthdaySomeofyourfriendsJames带了他的手机了吗?HasJamesgothismobile?第二节代词与指代2020/2/27人称代词所有格:如果在上下文意义很清楚,例如当名词刚被提到时,名词可以省略。可以用所有格代词(如mine)代替所有格形容词+名词。e.g.:我来看看我的日程本。我的没带在身边。I’lljustlookinmydiary.Ihaven’tgotminewithme.我让Lisa坐我的车,因为她的车坏了。ItookLisainmycarbecausehershadbrokendown.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27Practice:OurnewneighborsarethemostsociablepeopleweAhaveevermet,andourchiefinterests,cookingandBCpolitics,aresimilartothem.NoerrorDDE第二节代词与指代2020/2/27NeitherMs.PereznorMs.TanakabelievesthatABwatchingasmuchtelevisionashersonSamCdoeswillleadtoanythingproductive.NoerrorDE第二节代词与指代2020/2/27指示代词thisthesethatthose1.that/those用于过去我还记得那场可怕的风暴。Irememberthatterriblestorm.那些日子里,情况迥异。Thingsweredifferentinthosedays.2.that/thoseof用于指代比较句型中,表示“…..的”Sherecognizedthehandwritingasthatofherhusband.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27Attheartshow,AmyenjoyedlookingatherfriendAMark’sinnovativepaintings,whichshethoughtwereBmoreoriginalthantheotherartists.NoerrorCDE第二节代词与指代2020/2/273.this和these是指较近的事物。试翻译:1.这就是我的意思:你应该改变这一段话,而不是删除。ThisiswhatImean:Youshouldhavechanged,notdeleted,thatparagraph.2.这些语言选修课对我们的学生开放:西班牙语、法语和德语。(languageoptions)Theselanguageoptionsareopentoourstudents:Spanish,FrenchandGermany.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27不定代词:不定代词仍遵守与先行词单复数一致原则every-some-any-no--one-body-thing-whereeveryoneeverybodyeverythingeverywheresomeonesomebodysomethingsomewhereanyoneanybodyanythinganywherenoonenobodynothingnowhere第二节代词与指代2020/2/27以上复合不定代词与相应的限定词按照语法一致原则用单数形式。试翻译:1.任何感兴趣的人都可以来参加会议。(anybody,if)Anybodycanattendthemeetingifheisinterested.2.每个人都在大嗓门地谈话。(atthetopof)Everybodytalkedatthetopofhisvoice.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27当句子主语为“everybody/nobody+but/except+人称代词”时,只要人称代词出现在主语位置上,常用主格。除了她,没有人可以解决我们的问题。Nobodybutshecansolveourproblem.但若主语被分隔使“but/except+人称代词”出现在句尾时,人称代词则用宾格。Nobodycansolveourproblembuther.Everybodyagreedtoourproposalbuthim.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27不定代词one通常用于正式语体,为了避免在同一句中多次重复one/one’s,凡是要重复one/one’s的地方,可用he/his来取代。Ifonewantstoseetheruins,hemustfindhisownguide.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27关系代词who,which,that,whom,whose第二节代词与指代2020/2/271)在定语从句中作主语的关系代词,一般规则是用who/that指人,用which/that指物。试翻译:1.他是住在我们隔壁的男人。He’sthemanwholivesnextdoortous.2.他驾驶着一辆车速达每小时150英里的轿车。Hedrivesacarthatcantravel150milesanhour.第二节代词与指代2020/2/272)在定语从句中,关系代词作宾语,正式语体分别用whom,which指人和指物。Isthattheman__________(whom/who/that)yougaveyourticketsto?Whereisthebook________(which/that)Iboughtthismorning?Isthattheaddress_________(which/that)yousentthetelegramto?第二节代词与指代2020/2/273)定语从句关系代词作宾语补足语成分,在正式语体中介词通常前置,whom指人,which指物。JamesRussell是我最尊敬的人。JamesRussellisamanforwhomIhavethegreatestrespect.他们尝试制定一份可以提前完成任务的计划表。Theytriedtothinkofaplanbywhichtheycouldfulfilltheirtaskaheadoftime.第二节代词与指代2020/2/273)当先行项为all或其他指物的不定代词(如anything,something,nothing)时,关系代词作主语通常用that,作宾语用that或省略。Isthereanything________(which/that)Icandoforyou?All______(which/that/who)glittersisnotgold.第二节代词与指代2020/2/274)当先行词带有最高级修饰语时,其后的关系代词通常用that。Newtonwasoneofthegreatestmen______everlived.在我们学校的教书人中,他是最聪明的。He’sthecleverestman_____evertaughtinourschool.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27Duringrehearsals,thedirectorpraisedtheactorswhichAhadsupportingrolesmoreoftenthanthosewiththeBCmostdemandingroles.NoerrorADE第二节代词与指代2020/2/27e.g.:ThesurveyindicatedthatworkersintheUnitedStateshopethathisorherwageswillkeeppaceABCwiththerisingcostofliving.NoerrorDE第二节代词与指代2020/2/27代词的单、复数形式的选择通常取决于它们指代对象的单复数形式。比如:Onemustremembertoremainverystillwhen________attendsaconcerts.ProfessorSmithandIwenttotheStatestogether.______stayedthereforthreeweeks.Thewomeninthecommitteeexpressed______opinionsforcefully.Irecognizedoneofthegirls,butIdidn’tspeakto_____.第二节代词与指代2020/2/27e.g.:在对代词划线的时候,要考虑具体指代的名词Psychologistsadvisethatbeforemakinganymajorchangesinyourlife,apersonneedstofocusonone’sgoals.A)yourlife,apersonneedstofocusonone’sgoalB)theirlife,apersonneedstofocusontheirgoalsC)theirlives,focusonthegoalsD)one’slife,youshouldfocusonyourgoalsE)theirlives,peopleshouldfocusontheirgoals第二节代词与指代2020/2/27Whenonethinksaboutopeninganewbusiness,Ayo
本文标题:SAT文法代词
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