青藏高原环境变化对全球变化的响应-及其适应对策3

21520065ADVANCESINEARTHSCIENCEVol.21No.5May.,2006:100128166(2006)052045920631,1(1.,100085;2.,100101):,,,:;;,;;;,;,;,,;,,;,;:;;;:X141:A[1];,,,,[2],,1,973,,3:2006204221;:2006204229.3:(:2005CB422000).:(19542),,,,.E2mail:[e-mail],,,,[3,4],,[5],[6],,2[7],2000,,[8],/,/,19812002,,15(),,,,[9],,[10],2/3,,[11],[12],,,,,,[13],,[14],,,,,[15],,,[16],[17],[18],,,,[19],,,,,,,,[20][21],3:(1),[22,23](2),CEOP(CoordinatedEnhancedObservationPeriod)3706421.(19812002).,,2003..=200408150001,2004.,2(3)(PyramidProgram),,,,9732005,22.1,3:(1),:;;(2):;;(3):;;;2.2,:,3,6,6:(1):()();()();;(2):;();();(3):;;;;;()()(4):;;;;(5):;;(6):/;;;1645:6:,;,;,;,;,;,44.1,,,,,4.2,:(1):3(),,;,,;,(2),:CEOPCliC,,;,,;(GEOSS),,(3),:,;,;,(4),,:;;,4.3,,,,:(1),,,,,,,26421(2),;,,,(3),,2006:(References):[1]KutzbachJE,PrellWL,RuddimanWF.SensitivityofEurasianClimatetosurfaceupliftoftheTibetanPlateau[J].JournalofGe2ology,1993,101:1772190.[2],.[C]..:,2003.[3]GuoZT,RuddimanW,HaoQZ,etal.OnsetofAsiandesertifi2cationsby22MyragoinferredfromloessdepositsinChina[J].Na2ture,2002,416:1592163.[4]FangXM,CarmalaG,RobV,etal.Flexuralsubsidenceby29MaontheNEedgeofTibetfromthemagnetostratigraphyofLinxiaBasin,China[J].EarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters,2003,210:5452560.[5]LiuXD,YinZY.SensitivityofEastAsianmonsoonclimatetotheupliftoftheTibetanPlateau.Palaeogeography[J].Palaeocli2matology,Palaeoecology,2002,183:2232245.[6],,,.2ka[J].:D,2002,32(4):3462352.[7]ZhuLiping,WangJunbo,ChenLing,etal.20,0002yearenviron2mentalchangereflectedbyMultidisciplinaryLakesedimentsinChenCo,SouthernTibet[J].ActaGeographicaSinica,2004,59(4):5142524.[,,,.[J].,2004,59(4):5142524.][8]ThompsonLG,Mosley2ThompsonE,DavisME,etal.Tropicalglacierandicecoreevidenceofclimatechangeonannualtomil2lennialtimescales[J].ClimaticChange,2002,59:1372155.[9],.21[J].,2000,45(4):4342438.[10]MeierMF,DyurgerovMB.HowAlaskaaffectstheworld[J].Science,2002,297:3502351.[11]WangSL,NiuFJ,ZhaoL,etal.Thethermalstabilityofroad2bedinpermafrostregionsalongQinghai2TibetHighway[J].ColdRegionsScienceandTechnology,2003,37:25234.[12]ChenGuichen,HuangZhiwei,LuXuefeng,etal.CharacteristicsofwetlandanditsconservationintheQinghaiPlateau[J].Jour2nalofGlaciologyandGeocryology,2002,24(3):2542259.[,,,.[J].,2002,24(3):2542259.][13]KleinJA,HarteJ,ZhaoXQ.Experimentalwarmingcauseslargeandrapidspeciesloss,dampenedbysimulatedgrazing,ontheTibetanPlateau[J].EcologyLetters,2004,7(12):117021179.[14],,.[M].:,2004.[15]BollasinaM,BenedictS.TheroleoftheHimalayasandtheTi2betanPlateauwithintheAsianmonsoonsystem[J].BulletinoftheAmericanMeteorologicalSociety,2004,85(7):1001.[16]WuGuoxiong,LiuYimin,LiuXin,etal.HowtheheatingovertheTibetanPlateauaffectstheAsianclimateinsummer[J].Chi2neseJournalofAtmosphericSciences,2005,29(1):47256.[,,,.[J].,2005,29(1):47256.][17],,,.:2003203204[J].,2004,49(11):108421090.[18]WuTW,QianZG.TherelationbetweentheTibetanwintersnowandtheAsiansummermonsoonandrainfall:Anobservationalin2vestigation[J].JournalofClimate,2003,16:203822051.[19],.[J].,2000,22(3):2232229.[20]ReaDK,SnoeckxH,JosephLH.LateCenozoiceoliandeposi2tioninthenorthernPacific:Asiandrying,Tibetuplift,andcool2ingofthenorthernhemisphere[J].Palaeoceanography,1998,13:2152224.[21]RaymoME,RuddimanWF,FroelichPN.InfluenceoflateCe2nozoicmountainbuildingonoceangeochemicalcycles[J].Geolo2gy,1988,16:6492653.[22]MooreIIIB.Meetingtomorrow’schallenges[J].IGBPNewsLet23645:ter,1999,38:2.[23]ChenYiyu,ChenPanqin,GeQuansheng,etal.Globalchangeresearch:Progressandprospect[J].EarthScienceFrontiers,2002,9(1):11218.[,,,.[J].,2002,9(1):11218.]TheResponseofEnvironmentalChangesonTibetanPlateautoGlobalChangesandAdaptationStrategyYAOTan2dong1,ZHULi2ping1(1.InstituteofTibetanPlateau,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100085,China;2.InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101,China)Abstract:TheenvironmentalchangesofTibetanPlateaupossesssensitiveresponseandstrongeffecttoglobalchanges.Theinteractionbetweenmodernenvironmentandlandsurfaceprocessesontheplateauinducesaseriesofvariationsinthecryosphere,waterresourcesandecologicalsystem,whichproduceimportantinfluenceonthehu2manlivingcircumstanceandeconomic2societydevelopmentontheplateauitselfandperipheryregions.Asaregionfocusedbyinternationalscientificresearch,theplateauexperiencedthreedevelopingstages.Thefirstisfocusingthesystemicstudiesofthekeyproblemsinthekeyareas,thesecondisfocusingthemonitoringstudiescenteredwithsurfaceprocesses,andthethirdisfocusingtheinteractionsamongdifferentspheresinfluencedbyglobalchan2ges.ThisprojectpossessesveryimportantsignificancetothestudyofenvironmentalchangesonTibetanPlateauandthecontributionforinternationalscientificfrontieraswellaslocaleconomics2societydevelopment.Inthisproject,aseriesofobjectivesareplannedtobeachieved:discoveringkeytectonicandenvironmentaleventsfromtheplateau’sformationtoitspresentlandformstructures;reconstructingclimaticandenvironmentalsequenceswithdifferenttimescalesindifferentareasandclarifyingtheirspace2timefeatures;eluc