破擦音 鼻辅音 舌边音 半元音发音规则及练习

LectureSixConsonantsAffricateConsonants破擦辅音破擦辅音/tʃ/和/dʒ/破擦辅音/tr/和/dr/破擦辅音/tʃ/和/dʒ/发音要领：舌前端抬起贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍，舌头的其余部分去/ʃ/和/ʒ/的发音部位，气流冲破阻碍时（有爆破），舌和齿龈间发生摩擦所成的音。双唇略微张开突出，略成圆形。/tʃ/是清辅音，发音时要送气，声带不振动。/dʒ/是浊辅音，发音时只有微弱气流泻出，摩擦在舌端，但不要卷舌，声带振动。/tʃ//dʒ/chincheerchucklechestrichwatchmatchlectureginjeerjugglejestridgesuggestpageadjustsoldierprocedurePhrasesreadingchewsomechocolatesinjuredsoldiersonthebridgecheckaccountchiefjusticechosethischanceorangejuicewatchtheteachermakingaspeechSentencesReadingHelivesinacottageandstudiesinafamouscollege.Thefarmersaretastingsomecheese,cherries,peachesandchestnutsinthecottage.Jackiseatingapeachnearthechurch.Childrenneedmodelsmorethantheyneedcritics.Howaboutyou?破擦辅音/tr/和/dr/发音要领：舌身做出发/r/音的口型，舌尖上翘贴在齿龈后部。气流冲破这个阻碍，发出短促的/t/后接/r/音。双唇收圆，向前稍微突出。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动。/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。/tr//dr/trytrucktracktrunkstressstrawdrydrugdragdrunkaddressdrawPhrasesreadingtotravelbytraintrickortreattotrythedressondrunkbutstilldrovehomedrugtrafficbraindrainSentencesReadingHerdreamhascometrue.Nevertroubletroublestilltroubletroublesyou.Idon’twanttobeadrop-outfromcollege.Theroadtothedrugstoreisdry.Dryupyourtearsandhaveanothertry.Weshoulddevelopthetradewithforeigncountries.Strikewhiletheironishot.Witandwillstriveforthevictory.破擦辅音/ts/和/dz/发音要领：1.舌尖先抵住上齿龈，堵住气流，然后离开让气流猛然泄出口腔。2./ts/是清辅音，送气较强，声带不振动。3./dz/是浊辅音，送气弱，声带振动。/ts//dz/ratesseatshatscartspantsbootsmatescoatsraidsseedshandscardspoundsbandsmaidscoldsPhrasesreadingoddsandendscoatsandshortshundredsofpeasantsfloodsanddroughtslotsandlotsthousandsofpoundsartsandcraftsSentencesReadingThestudentswereinhighspiritsallthroughthesportsmeet.Goodmedicineoftentastesbitter.Nowlet’sgoandmeetourguests.Hesendspostcardstohisfriends.Thisthesisreadsdryanddull.NasalConsonants鼻辅音/m/双唇鼻辅音/n/舌尖齿龈鼻辅音/ŋ/舌后软腭鼻辅音双唇鼻辅音/m/发音要领：1.双唇闭拢，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔泄出。2.浊辅音，声带振动。舌尖齿龈鼻辅音/n/发音要领：舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔泄出。浊辅音，声带振动。舌后软腭鼻辅音/ŋ/发音要领：舌位和/k/、/g/相同，软腭下垂，堵住口腔通道，使气流从鼻腔泄出。浊辅音，声带振动。该音和汉语普通话“ng”音（昂、影的尾音）相似，在词末时发音更加清晰有力。/m//n//ŋ/moremeetmixtimewarmwhimseemdimringsongdiggingbangwingseeingdingnorniceneedbanwinseendin/m/somemenafirmmanagerawarmmorningMary’scombTom’spoemmoreandmorefamousmountain/n/givennamekitchengardenbraindrainyoungchildrennationaleconomy/ŋ/singasongspringupoldandyoungeatinganddrinkingtheweddingringtheswingdanceSentencesReadingTimeismoney.Whatdonecan’tbeundone.Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.Rainbeforeseven,finebeforeeleven.Iwaslookingforwardtothecomingspring.Seeingisbelieving,butfeelingistrue.Iamgainingalotofweight.Ican’tthinkofanythingforthesong.LateralConsonants舌边辅音/l/发音要领：1.舌端紧抵上齿龈，气流从舌的两侧发出。2.浊辅音，声带振动。3.发清晰/l/音时，舌尖贴住上齿龈，舌前往硬腭上靠，就像要发“来”音一样，但只做准备，/ai/音不出，同时声带振动，声音响亮，且和元音一样可以延长。用在元音前。如：love/lʌv/、law/lɔ:/。4.发含糊/l/音时，舌前下陷，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹槽，许多人可以发好字母“l”的音，那么你读完这个字母时不要停下来，把音延长，后面那个音就是含糊/l/,注意不离上齿龈，出现在辅音前后和词尾。WordsReadingleaveletlowflightalivelookclassmealbellhallcalldollpullrulePhrasesReadingbrightlightloseallallinallbeautifultabletoriskone’slifealonglifepoliticalleaderSentencesreadingLikeknowslike.Allinallitwasapleasanttrip.Letsleepingdogslie.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.Althoughwestartedlate,we’llsooncatchupwiththematthisrate.Lilyhastraveledallaroundtheworld.Glides半元音半元音/j/发音要领：1.舌前部向硬腭尽量抬起，舌位很高。2.双唇向两旁伸展呈微笑状，发音时有滑动的感觉。3.浊辅音，声带振动。WordsreadingyesyetyouyoungyearyellowyesterdayuseunityellyieldyouthunionnewPhrasesreadingnotyetNewYorkhelpyourselfhappynewyearstupidtalkingYaleUniversityyesterdayoncemoreSentencesreadingDonotwearnewsuitwhileworkingwithyouth.Theyoungteacherisverypopularwithhisstudents.Lookatthemenubeforeyouorderdishes.Yourbookisduesoyoumustrenewit.Youstilllookyoung,yearafteryear.Hewasdeeplytouchedbythebeautyofthemusic.ExchangeNewYearcardswithyourfriends.It’sonlyafewhundredyardsfromthesupermarket.半元音/w/发音要领：1.舌后部向软腭抬起，双唇收得很圆很小，向前突出。2.气流从唇间通过时声带振动。3.发音时像/u:/音，但非常短，然后就向后面接续的因素滑动。4.半元音不同于元音，它不能单独成音，不能延长。但它可以和前边的辅音拼读在一起，又可以像辅音一样和后边的元音拼读在一起。如“quick”/kwik/。WordsReadingwetworrywhilewentwinewestwherewhetherweekwaitwantwaterwoodwirewhichwhenPhrasesreadingnowayverywellpreparedequalpayforequalworkwonderfulweddingwaitingformeswimawaywarmwineSentencesReadingWell,ourwagesnowvaryfrompersontoperson.Iwonderwhetherhewillbeabletoworkitout.What’sup?Whatdoyouwant?Mywifegavemesomeverywiseadvice.Avisittooneoftheseplacesiswellworthwhile.Wewereallworriedabouttheweather.英语单元音共有12个:/i://i//e//æ//ә://ә//ʌ//u://u//ɔ://ɔ//ɑ:/在12个单元音中，根据发音的长短，可分为两类：1.长元音(longvowel)：/i://ә://ɑ://ɔ://u:/2.短元音(shortvowel)：/i//e//æ//ә//ɔ//u//ʌ/根据舌抬起的部位，可分为三类：1.前元音(frontvowel)：/i://i//e//æ/2.中元音(centralvowel)：/ә://ә//ʌ/3.后元音(backvowel)：/u://u//ɔ://ɔ//ɑ:/英语双元音共有8个，它们分别为：/ei//ai//ɔi//au//әu//iә//uә//eә/。根据发音口型和发音部位，可分为以下两类：1.合口双元音(theclosingdiphthongs):/ei//ai//ɔi//әu//au/2.集中双元音(thecenteringdiphthongs):/iә//eә//uә/英语辅音根据发音方法，可分为七类：1.爆破音（stop）：/p//b/；/t//d/；/k//g/2.摩擦音（fricative）：/f//v/；/s//z/