13女

Chapter6THEFEMALEGENITALSYSTEMA.INTRODUCTION(概述)B.THEINTERNALGENITALORGANS(内生殖器)C.THEEXTERNALGENITALORGANS(VULVA)(外生殖器)D.THEMAMMA(BREAST)(乳房)E.THEPERINEUM(会阴)Section1IntroductionA.Composition(组成)1.Internalgenitalorgans(内生殖器):1)gonad(生殖腺):ovaries(卵巢)2)ducts(管道):uterinetubes(输卵管)3)accessoryglands(附属腺):vestibulegland(前庭腺)urethralgland(尿道腺)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity33)accessoryglands(附属腺):vestibulegland(前庭腺)urethralgland(尿道腺)2.Externalgenitalorgans(外生殖器)IntroductionB.Functions(功能)1.Produceovum(产生卵子)2.Secretefemalehormone(estrogen)(分泌女性激素)3.Forlactation(哺乳)4.Pregnancy(妊娠)5.Parturition(分娩)IntroductionA.TheOvary(卵巢)B.TheUterineTube(Oviduct)(输卵管)C.TheUterus(子宫)D.TheVagina(阴道)Section2TheInternalGenitalOrgans1.Externalfeatures(外形)1)extremities(端):i.superiorextremityii.inferiorextremity2)borders(缘):i.anteriorborderii.posteriorborderhilumofovary(卵巢门)A.TheOvary(卵巢)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity7A.TheOvary(卵巢)3)surface(面):i.medialsurfaceii.lateralsurface2.Ligaments(韧带)1)suspensoryligament(卵巢悬韧带)2)properligamentofovary(卵巢固有韧带)A.TheOvary(卵巢)1)cortex(皮质):follicles(卵泡)estrogens(雌激素atdifferentstagescorpusluteum(黄体)progesterone(黄体酮)corpusalbicans(白体)3.Internalstructure(内部结构)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity9A.TheOvary(卵巢)2)medulla(髓质):arteries,veins,nerves[oophoriticcyst卵巢囊肿]B.TheUterineTube(Oviduct)(输卵管)1.Infundibulumofuterinetube(输卵管漏斗部)1)abdominalorificeofuterinetube(腹腔口)2)fimbriae(伞):ovarianfimbria(卵巢伞)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity11B.TheUterineTube2.Ampullaofuterinetube(输卵管壶腹)3.Isthmusofuterinetube(输卵管峡)[ligationofoviduct输卵管结扎]4.Uterinepartofuterinetube(输卵管子宫部)C.TheUterus(子宫)1.Externalfeature&internalspace:1)fundusofuterus(子宫底)2)bodyofuterus(子宫体):cavityofuterus(腔)3)neckofuterus(cervix)(子宫颈):SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity13a.supravaginalpart(阴道上部)b.vaginalpart(阴道部)canalofcervixofuterus(子宫颈管)[carcinomaofuterinecervix子宫颈癌]C.TheUterus(子宫)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity14C.TheUterus(子宫)4)isthmusofuterus(子宫峡):enlargecavityatlatepregnancy.[cesareansection剖腹产]C.TheUterus(子宫)1)perimetrium(serouscoat)(子宫外膜)2)myometrium(muscularcoat)(子宫肌层)[hysteromyoma子宫肌瘤]2.Structureoftheuterinewall(子宫壁)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity163)endometrium(mucousmembrane)(子宫内膜)a.basallayer(基底层)b.functionallayer(功能层):menstrualcycle(月经周期)[irregularmenstruation月经不调]C.TheUterus(子宫)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity17C.TheUterus(子宫)3.Positionoftheuterus(子宫的位置)1)anteversion(子宫前倾)2)anteflexion(子宫前屈)C.TheUterus(子宫)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity19Retro-flexion后屈Ante-flexion前屈Retro-cession后移C.TheUterus(子宫)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity204.Supportsoftheuterus(子宫的固定装置)1)broadligament(子宫阔韧带)a.mesovarium(卵巢系膜)b.mesosalpinx(输卵管系膜)c.mesometrium(子宫系膜)C.TheUterus(子宫)2)roundligamentofuterus(子宫圆韧带)3)sacrouterineligament(骶子宫韧带):sacrouterinefold(骶子宫襞)C.TheUterus(子宫)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity224)cardinalligamentofuterus(paracervix)(子宫主韧带)[prolapseofuterine子宫脱垂][eversionofuterine子宫外翻]C.TheUterus(子宫)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity23D.TheVagina(阴道)1.Vaginalorifice(阴道口):hymen(处女膜)2.Fornixofvagina(阴道穹):1)anteriorfornixofvagina(阴道前穹)2)posteriorfornixofvagina(阴道后穹)3)lateralfornixofvagina(阴道侧穹)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity25Bacillusvaginalis(阴道杆菌)：pH4.5[vaginitis阴道炎][vaginalsmear阴道涂片][leukorrhea白带][amenia闭经][menopausalsyndrome更年期综合征]D.TheVagina(阴道)Section3TheExternalGenitalOrgans(Vulva,Pudendum女阴)A.Monspubis(阴阜)B.Greaterlipsofpudendum(大阴唇)1.Anteriorlabialcommissure(唇前连合)2.Posteriorlabialcommissure(唇后连合)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity27C.Lesserlipsofpudendum(小阴唇)1.Prepuceofclitoris(阴蒂包皮)2.Frenulumofclitoris(阴蒂系带)3.Frenulumofpudendallabia(阴唇系带)TheExternalGenitalOrgansSystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity28TheExternalGenitalOrgansD.Vaginalvestibule(阴道前庭)1.urethralorifice(尿道外口)2.vaginalorifice(阴道口)&hymen(处女膜)3.orificeofgreatvestibulargland(前庭大腺口)SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity29TheExternalGenitalOrgansE.Clitoris(阴蒂)1.Glansofclitoris(阴蒂头)2.Bodyofclitoris(阴蒂体)3.Cruraofclitoris(阴蒂脚SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity30F.Bulbofvestibule(前庭球)G.Greatervestibulargland(Bartholin'sgland)(前庭大腺)[cystofBartholin’sgland前庭大腺囊肿]TheExternalGenitalOrgansAppendixITheMamma(Breast)(乳房)A.Location(位置)1.Vertically:R2toR6.2.Horizontally:lateralborderofsternumtoanterioraxillaryfold.3.Nipple(乳头):4thintercostalspace.SystematicAnatomyDeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity32TheMamma(Breast)(乳房)B.ExternalFeature(外形)1.Mammarypapilla(nipple)(乳头)2.Areolaofbreast(乳晕)3.Areolarglands(乳晕腺)C.InternalStructure(内部结构)1.Lobesofmammarygland(乳腺叶)lobulesofmammarygla