常用介词及副词的搭配用法归纳

常用介词及副词的搭配用法归纳（－）aboutabout既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，它常和下列名词,动词，形容词搭配使用。名词＋abouttalkabout关于???谈话；informationabout/on关于???知识，消息动词＋aboutthinkaboutsth.考虑某事lookabout环顾；考虑bringabout带来，造成，引起leaveabout乱放comeabout发生goabout四处走动getabout走动，传开，着手干setabout开始，着手hangabout逗留，徘徊putabout传播谣言turnabout回首，转身，轮流tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人某事griefaboutsth.对…伤心confusesb.aboutsth使某人对某事感到混乱bothersb.aboutsth为某事打扰某人gossipaboutsb.orsth.谈论、闲聊某人或某事形容词+abouthopefulabout/of希望，期待particularabout对…讲究，特别enthusiasticabout对…热心crazyaboutab./sth.对…欣喜sureabout/of对..确定知道，对…有把握anxiousabout对…担忧，焦虑anxiousfor渴望carefulabout/of注意，保护，保重carefulwith对…注意，照顾carelessabout对…不留心feelnervousabout/atsth.对…感到不安doubtfulabout/of对…感到好奇optimisticabout对…感到乐观happyabout/atsth.因某事而感到高兴（二）acrossacross既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，它常与下列动词搭配使用。comeacross横越…，偶尔碰见runacross跑着穿过；偶尔碰见cutacross抄近路穿过getacross惹（某人）不高兴；通过getsth.across领会putacross哄骗putsth.across使人听懂（三）againstagainst只用作介词，常与下列名词或动词搭配使用。1）名词+againstgrudgeagainst对…怨恨declarationagainst反对…声明或宣言hostilityagainst对…敌意battleagainst反对…的斗争2）动词+againstswimagainstthecurrent/tide逆流而泳runagainstthewind逆风而跑workagainst反对，抢时间defendagainst团结起来反对…sideagainst与别人站在一方反对…人rebelagainst反，反抗…standagainst反对…prejudiceagainst对…有偏见riseagainst起来反对…argueagainst抗议，反对…protestagainst抗议，反对strikeagainst反抗…struggleagainst（with）向…做斗争，跟…搏斗goagainst违背…runagainst与…竞选contendagainst与…抗争（四）around(round)around(round)既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，常与下列动词搭配使用。bringaround说服；使恢复（知觉、健康、正常等）；把某人带来getaround说服，争取；下功夫去做；绕过，躲避goaround四处走动；绕过；顺便去；（消息）流传lookaround掉头看，环顾；参观pullaround使康复comearound恢复健康；改变看法handaround传递，传阅，分发（五）atat只用作介词，常与下列动词、分词、形容词搭配。动词+atfrownat对…不满shootat朝…射击jumpatsth.orsb.攻击某人或某事fireatsth.orsb.向…开火snapat猛咬，猛扑throwsth.atsth.orsb.向…投掷…laughat冷笑，嘲笑smileat对…微笑，对…一笑置之get(rench)atsth.得到，达到，理解catchat/graspat抓住；把握住hintat暗示pointat/tosb.指着某人glanceat瞥见callat(family,office)/callonsb.访问peer/stare/gazeat凝视land/touchdown/strikeat着路aimat瞄准2)分词及形容词+atbeannoyedat因…而烦恼beastonishedat因…而惊异bedelightedat因…而愉快bedisgustat因…而厌恶befrightenedat因…而惊吓bemovedat/with因…而感动bepleasedat/with因…而高兴besurprisedat因…而惊奇bealarmedat因…而惊恐beangryat/about对…事发怒beangrywith对…人生气beimpatientat对…事感到不耐烦bequickat敏捷，伶俐becleverat擅长于…beslowat对…迟钝beefficientat对…效率高beaptat善于…begoodat擅长于…bemadat对某人或某事恼火其它惯用搭配词组atlarge大体上，总的来说atone’sbest最好状态at(the)worst在最坏的情况下at(the)most最多atarm’slength一臂的距离；疏远（keepsb.）atthepointof就要atrandom胡乱地，漫无目的地attheriskof冒…的危险atdusk黄昏athand近旁，将到attheendof在…的底部atheart本质上attheweekend在周末atChristmas在圣诞节期间ataloss不知所措atsixesandsevens乱七八糟atone’swit’s(wits’)end志穷才尽；毫无办法；不知所措atallcosts(anycost)不惜一切代价atanyrate不管怎样atsea茫然attherequestof应…的请求（六）awayaway只用作副词1）动词＋awaybreakaway脱离，逃脱；放弃carryaway取走；使失去理智，使入迷give(sb.)away泄漏，出卖makeaway离去turnaway避开；逐出；解雇clearaway清除掉；（云雾）消散cutaway切掉；逃走runaway逃跑；失控putaway把…收起来；储存备用；放弃2）其它惯用搭配词组doawaywith废除；干掉makeawaywith废除getawayfrom摆脱；回避runawaywith携带…逃走；消耗getawaywith和…一起离开；拿走，抢走（七）backback用作副词时，常用的搭配形式如下。1）动词＋backbringback带回；使回忆起；使健康callback叫回；收回（说错的话）；回电话cutback修剪；减少fallback退却getback回来，收回；恢复holdback抵挡；踌躇；忍住drawback拉开；往后退；不履行（诺言等）keepback(sth.)阻止向前；忍住；隐瞒pullback向后拉；撤回；节省；改变主意putback放回原处；把（钟表）拨回；推迟sitback休息；不采取行动setback把（钟表）拨回；阻碍；倒退ringback回电话，再打电话takeback拿回，收回，带回turnback折回；重新提到talkback顶嘴；反复重说payback报答；向…报复；偿付2）其它惯用搭配词组fallbackon求得…支持runbackover回顾goback(up)on背约，食言，出卖toandback往返，来回gobackfromone’sword违约，食言(8)but1.all(anything,everything,anyone,everyonge)+but1.除…都…2.no(one或none,,nothing,nobody,nowhere)2.除了…都不…注：but用介词时，它的前面如出现动词do，则but后的宾语就用动词原形，若无do则用不定式做宾语。如：Shedidnothingbut(=only)cry.Hedesirednothingbuttopasstheexamination.(9)byby既可以作介词也可以作副词1）动词＋bygoby走过；按…判断；顺便走访standby站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持getby通过；维持生活holdby坚持（意见）layput+by把…放在旁边；积蓄木setby把…搁开；储备2）其它惯用搭配词组takesb.bythehand拉某人的手catchsb.bythecoat,hair,etc.抓…人的外衣、头发等abidebysth.遵守，坚持go,come,travelbyland(sea,air,train,bus,car)陆上、海上或乘飞机、公共汽车、火车、轿车，往来旅游byandby不久byoneself单独地byaccident偶然bysurprise突然，出乎意料bychance偶然，意外bytheway且说，顺便说bywayof作为，取道bymistake弄错，误会byone’sappearance从…的外表byturns轮流bymeansof利用byallmeans无论如何byreasonof由于，凭…理由byfar在很大程度上byonmeans决不（十）downdown既可用作介词也可用作副词。1)down用作副词时常与以下动词搭配使用。breakdown坏了；（身体）垮了，（计划）失败了；分解bringdown击落，使降落；使降低cutdown砍倒；削减getdown下来，下车；咽下；记下putdown放下；平息；记下takedown取下；咽下；记下setdown放下；记下；记载holddown镇压；抑制let(sb.)down使失望laydown放下；制定lookdown俯视（lookdownon/upon轻视，看不起）pulldown拉倒，推翻；使虚弱knockdown击倒rundown用完；疲惫，（身体）变坏；（表等）停；诽谤settledown定居；平静下turndown翻下；（音量等）开小；拒绝3）其它惯用搭配词组comedownon责备cutdownon削减getdownon对…开始不喜欢rundownfrom因而疲惫不堪downtotheground当然，完全（十一）forfor只作介词，常与下列名词、动词、形容词搭配使用。1）名词+fortastedfor…的趣味distastefor厌恶reputationfor因…而出名lovefor爱…affectionfor喜爱preferencefor偏爱matchfor…对手talentfor…的才能sympathyfor同情opportunityfor/todosth.有机会做…occasionfor/todosth.有…的理由、必要appreciationfor为…而致谢excusefor借口desirefor/todo希望做…3）动词+forsailfor驶向steerfor,headfor向…前进departfor向…出发startfor动身去…callfor接某人同往某处enterfor参加goinfor从事，参加makefor向…前进setoutfor向…出发longfor渴望searchfor寻找askfor请求，要求lookfor寻找begfor请求，要求demandfor要求arrangefor安排thirstfor渴求huntfor渴求hungerfor渴求sendfor派人去请（拿）takefor误认为accountfor说明解释carefor关心；计较，介意；喜欢blamefor对…负责，因…受指责standfor主张；支持；可当…用prayforsb.orsth.为某人或某事祈祷4）形容词+foreligiblefor合法appropriatefor适合，合乎fitfor合适于a