1880到1950年重大历史事件

熊皓斌李梓成滕玉秀王爽谭佳丽赖文超Thesecondindustrialrevolution第二次工业革命**第二次工业革命的标志:Inthe1870sTheinventionoftheelectricpowerandwidelyused**第二次工业革命的时间:Inthe19thcentury67stotheearly20thcenturyTheinfluenceofthesecondindustrialrevolution?Productivity:greatlypromotesthedevelopmentofsocialproduction,themajorcapitalistcountriesinthemainachieveindustrializationandestablishindustrialsociety;Productionrelations:leadtotheformationofmonopolies,makethemaincapitalismenteredthestageofimperialisminthe19thcenturyandtheearly20s.对政治的影响：1.Themain:Capitalistcountriesintotheimperialiststage,theinterestsofthecapitalistcountriesgraduallybecomemonopolies.(1)thesecondindustrialrevolutiongreatlypromotedthesocialproductivity,thepaceofprogress,maketheworldeconomygetfastdevelopment.2thedailylifeofpeoplehavechangeddramatically(3)thewesterncapitalistcountriesspeededuptheprocessofmodernization.(4)thecapitalistcountriesbegantomakethetransitiontomonopolycapitalismtheimperialismstage.第二次工业革命的影响?4、化学工业的建立(崭新的行业)1867年诺贝尔发明炸药石油开采业发展石油化工业产生5.新能源的出现:ThepowerofoilTheestablishmentofthechemicalindustry(newindustry)诺贝尔生理医学奖诺贝尔物理奖诺贝尔文学奖诺贝尔和平奖SongtypefaceSwedenwillsinheritanceBeganin1901OnDecember10th,issuedbyMrNobel诺贝尔化学奖二战关我屁事…..Outbreakofthesecondworldwar第二次世界大战的全面爆发OnSeptember3,19391939年9月3日•一、德国入侵波兰•（OnSeptember1,1939-1939attheendofSeptember）古德里安“闪电战”创始人2,thesecondworldwar(Germantroopson1September1939strokePoland)andexpand(theGermaninvasionoftheSovietunioninJune1941)tofurtherexpand,theJapaneseattackonPearlHarboronDecember7,1941)墨索里尼裕仁天皇希特勒Thesecondworldwar.•Time:onSeptember1,1935-September2,1945•Begantosign,onSeptember30,1938,Britain,FranceandGermany,Munichconference,theGermaninvasionofPoland.BritainandFrancedeclaredwaronGermany,fromtheoutbreakofworldwarii.•Westfrontbattlefield:Chinesebattlefield,Europe,eastEurope,thePacificandsouth-eastAsia,northAfrica.•End:onMay8,1945,SovietandpolishforcestoconquerBerlinandGermany'sunconditionalsurrender;UnitedStatesrespectivelyinJapanHiroshimaandNagasakidroppedtwobombs.Japan'ssurrendertoChina.战役战况三、不列颠之战（1940.7—10)----Agreatnationalhistoryofstruggle一个伟大民族的抗争史TheChinesepeople'sAnti-JapaneseWar中国人民的抗日战争卢沟桥事变全面抗战的开端•七七事变，又称卢沟桥事变，IsJuly7,1937,BeijinginChinaMarcoPolobridge(alsocalledlugouqiaobridgeD:\Videos\dramafilm\requiredafourthunit5lessonvideotheAnti-JapaneseWar.WMV)betweenChinaandJapanmilitaryconflict,itisthebeginningofthefullofaggressionagainstChina.•Eightyearsofresistance,betweenChinaandJapanmilitaryDaHuiZhan23times,if1117times(threetimesoftheeighthrouteandnewfourtharmiestowarguerrillawarfare)38931(12500)ofthecommunistpartyofChina'speople'sarmedfight.China'sarmedforceswerelossof4.67million(whichkilled1.3242millionpeopleandkilled3.2156millionpeople,130126peoplemissing);Non-combatcasualties,8.42millionpeople.Chinesetroopssacrificed204generals(34people,majorgeneral170people(includingthe8throutearmyvicechiefofstaffZuoQuan)).Otherduetoescapewar,displacement,muchdisease,exposureandvictimswithoutmeter.Directpropertylossesof$31.3billion,indirectpropertylossesof$20.4billion.ThisnumberdoesnotincludethelossinnortheastChina,TaiwanandoverseasChinese,militarylossesof$4.16billionandmorethan1000casualties,damage,life.八年抗战In1931,JapaninvadednortheastChina;InJuly1937,Japanlaunchedfull-scalewarofaggressionagainstChina.Chinesepeopleroseupintheanti-japanese,pulledopenthepreludetolarge-scaleanti-fascistwarintheworld.China'swarofresistanceagainstJapanastrategicdefenseandstalematein1944tothecounter-offensive.In1945,theChineseanti-japanesemilitaryandciviliancomprehensivecounter-attack,[1],theSovietredarmyinnortheastofChina,panicintheJapanesekwantungarmy.ThebattlefieldisakeybattlegroundintheAsiaPacific.1931年九一八事变1932年一二八事变1937年八一三事变1937年七七事变1935年华北事变1938年10月占领广州武汉LostterritoryLostterritoryLostterritory为了救亡图存，国共两党可以携手抗日！Canhandinhandtotheanti-japanese,kuomintangandthecommunistpartyofanti-japaneseTheperseveranceoftheChinesenation1945.8.15日本无条件投降1945.9.2正式签署投降书长夜破晓这是一段屈辱历史的终结…抗日战争胜利了在世界爱好和平的人们的努力下日本侵略者低下了骄傲的头1945.8.15Japan'sunconditionalsurrender1945.9.2formalsigningofthesurrenderWiththehelpoftheworldpeace-lovingpeopleproudheadlowJapaneseinvaders内战爆发重庆谈判Thechongqingnegotiationscivilwarbrokeout开国大典毛泽东在天安门城楼上宣告中华人民共和国成立ThefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatime:October1,1949公元1949年10月1日，中国人民将永远铭记这一天，一个崭新的国家——中华人民共和国在世界的东方诞生了，她的建立，开创了中国历史的新纪元，中国社会从此进入一个前所未有的新时代.At3PMthatday,tiananmensquareinBeijing,thecapital,heldafoundingceremony.Partyandstateleadersonthetiananmenrostrum,toparticipateinthefoundingceremony.Beijing's300000people,dressedinfestivecostumes,scatterjoyfullytogetherteamplayedvolunteermarch,chairmanMAOzedongsolemnlydeclaredtotheworld:thecentralpeople'sgovernmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinafoundedtoday!Hepersonallythepressofabutton,raisedthebrightfive-starredflag.Chorus,salute,wanzhongexult,ringinginthesquarethunderousapplauseandcheers,prolongs.Andthen,heldagrandmilitaryparadeandmassdemonstrations.Peoplewithinfinitejoy,celebrationofthenewChinawasborn!二、开国大典新中国成立•Marksthegreatvictoryofthenew-democraticrevolution,endedthehalfcolonialsemi-feudalsocia