中考专题复习-宾语从句解题技巧(共21张)

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。主语谓语宾语WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.变宾语从句须注意都有引导词语序正常时态对应由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear________hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid_______hemissedusverymuch.3.Theteachertoldus_________theearthmovesaroundthesun.(that)(that)(that)（一小时后他会回来）（他非常想念我们）（地球围着太阳转）由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.Heasked_____couldanswerthequestion.2.Doyouknow__________theyarewaitingfor.3.Heasked________handwritingwasthebestintheclass.※4.Pleasetellme_____we’llhaveameeting.5.Canyoutellme_______heis.6.Couldyoutellme_____Icangettothestation.7.Wouldyoutellme________thetrainislate?whomwhosewhenwherehowwhywho（谁的书法是班上最好的）（谁能回答这个问题）（我们什么时候开会）（他在哪儿）（我该怎么去车站）（为什么火车迟到了）（他们在等谁）由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow______________hewillgototheparkwithus.2.Askhim____________hecancome.3.Idon’tknow__________itisgoingtorainornot.if/whetherwhether/ifwhether当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）（他是否能来）（是否要下雨）If与whether的区别1.Idon’tknow_____________hewillcomeornot.2.Idon’tcareof_____________heishandsome.3.Hewondered___________tostayherethenextweek.4.__________hewillcomeisnotdecided.5.Heaskedme_______Ihadn’tfinishmyhomework.6.Wediscussed___________wewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherifwhether在动词discuss后的宾语从句中只能用whether引导否定概念的宾语从句时只能用ifIhear(that)heisinteresedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.JimarrivedinLanzhouyesterday.TomhasbeentoLanzhoutwice.Iheard(that)hewasinteresedinEnglish.shewouldcomethenextday.Jimhadarrivedinlanzhouthedaybefore.TomhadbeentoLanzhoutwice.hewaswatchingTVthen.heiswatchingTVnow.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.5.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（宾语从句用陈述语序）宾语从句转化为简单句1)Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.Idon’tknow__________next.2)Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecide_____________________.whattodowhichshirttobuy1.当主从句的主语一致时1)CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepolicestation?Canyoutellme____________thepolicestation?2)PleaseshowmehowIshouldstarttherecorder.Pleaseshowme___________therecorder.howtogettohowtostart2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时:I_____________(notthink)it’sgoingtorain.I_____________(notbelieve)shewilllendyouthemoney.don’tthinkdon’tbelieve但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是hope，则不适用于此规则。e.g注意一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是think、expect、believe、guess、imagine、suppose等表示“认为，猜想”的心里活动的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，即否定提前．宾语从句的否定形式：I_______he_________come.我希望他别来。hopewon’t中考链接一：考查引导宾语从句的连接词()1.There’saredcarparkinginourneighborhood.Doyouknow__________itis?AWhatBwhoCWhoseDwhom()2.I’mwondering_________LiuXiangwillhavetimeto__________themeeting.Awhether,attendBthat,attendCwhether,appearDthat,appear()3.—Canyoutellme____itisfromheretotheSummerPalace?—Letmesee.It’saboutfifteenminutes’ride.AhowlongBhowsoonChowfarDhowmuchCAC解题方法：先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择高分秘籍中考链接二：考查宾语从句的时态（）1.—WhereisTom?Doyouknow?---Ithinkhe_____tothelibrary.AhasgoneBgoesChasbeenDwent()2.Tomsaidhe____backinaweek.AwillcomeBwouldcomeCcome()3.Idon’tknowifit____tomorrow.Ifit___,I’llstayathome.Awillrain,rainsBrains,willrainCwillrain,willrainDrains,rainsABA高分秘籍解题方法：1.主句用一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据实际情况选用各种时态。2.主句用一般过去时，宾语从句要用与之相对应的过去时态。（从句表示客观真理、自然现象时除外）中考链接三：考查宾语从句的语序(时态，连词，语序同时考查）.()1.Heaskedme______.A.ifshewillcomeB.howmanybooksIwanttohaveC.TheywouldhelpusdoitD.whatwaswrongwithme()2.---Thesummerholidayiscoming.Haveyoudecided__?---I’mplanningtogoHawaii,themostwonderfulplaceforwatersports.A.whenyou’regoingtoenjoyitB.howoftenareyougoingtoenjoyitC.whereyou’regoingtoenjoyitDC高分秘籍解题方法：一律为陈述句语序注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappeneed?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?请根据此网页上的这短视频写一篇英语短文：（尽可能用宾语从句）•你相信人类在未来能够居住在火星上吗？•科学家们正尽力让这个梦变为现实。•科学家们还不肯定能否在火星上生长植物。•科学家们还认为对首批定居者来说重力也是一个重要问题。•而且一致认为到火星上的旅行是不舒服的。Finishthecomposition.1.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth