轴类零件的车削加工

哈尔滨应用职业技术学院毕业设计标题：轴类零件的车削加工学生姓名：孙鸿玮系部：机械工程系专业：数控技术指导教师：王海燕起止时间：哈尔滨应用职业技术学院教务处制1摘要随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大，数控加工技术对国计民生的一些重要行业（IT、汽车、轻工、医疗等）的发展起着越来越重要的作用，因为效率、质量是先进制造技术的主题。高速、高精加工技术可极大地提高效率，提高产品的质量和档次，缩短生产周期和提高市场竞争能力。而对于数控加工，无论是手工编程还是自动编程，在编程前都要对所加工的零件进行工艺分析，拟定加工方案，选择合适的刀具，确定切削用量，对一些工艺问题（如对刀点、加工路线等）也需要一些处理。并在加工过程掌握控制精度的方法，才能加工出合格的产品。本文根据数控机床的特点，针对具体的零件，进行了工艺方案的分析，工装方案的确定，刀具和切削用量的选择，确定加工顺序和加工路线，加工效率，简化工序等方面的优势。关键词工艺分析加工方案进给路线控制尺寸2AbstractWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofnumericalcontroltechnologyandapplicationsexpand,CNCmachiningtechnologyontheeconomyofanumberofimportantsectors(IT,automotive,lightindustrial,medical,etc.)playanincreasinglyimportantrole,sincetheefficiency,qualityisthethemeofadvancedmanufacturingtechnology.High-speed,high-precisionmachiningtechnologiescangreatlyenhanceefficiency,improveproductqualityandgrades,shortentheproductioncycleandimprovemarketcompetitiveness.ForNCprocessing,whetherautomaticormanualprogrammingprogramming,programmingbeforetheprocessingofpartsforprocessanalysis,formulationandprocessingprogrammes,selectingtherighttooltodeterminethecuttingparameters,onanumberoftechnologyissues(suchasontheknifepoint,processingline,etc.)alsoneedssomework.Andprocessmasterycontrolprecision,toprocessingthequalifiedproduct.ThisarticleinaccordancewiththecharacteristicsofCNCmachinetools,tailoredtospecificparts,aprocessofanalysis,determinationoftoolingprogramme,toolandcuttingparametersselection,determinetheorderandprocessinglinesforprocessing,theprocessingefficiency,simplifyprocesses,andotherbenefits.Keywords：analysisprocessingprogrammefeedinglinecontrolsize3目录摘要............................................................................................................................................1Abstract............................................................................................................................................2第1章零件图及工艺方案分析.....................................................................................................41.1零件图及分析...................................................................................................................41.1.2零件图分析....................................................................................................................41.2.1确定加工方法...............................................................................................................41.2.2确定加工方案..................................................................................................................5第2章工件的装夹........................................................................................................................62.1定位基准的选择................................................................................................................62.2装夹方式的选择................................................................................................................62.2.1数控车床常用装夹方式..................................................................................................62.2.2本零件的装夹方式..........................................................................................................7第3章刀具及切削用量...............................................................................................................83.1选择数控刀具的原则........................................................................................................83.1.2数控车削用刀具............................................................................................................83.1.3设置刀点和换刀点........................................................................................................93.2确定切削用量....................................................................................................................9第4章典型轴类零件加工...........................................................................................................104.1轴类零件加工的工艺分析.............................................................................................104.2典型轴类零件加工工艺.................................................................................................124.3手工编程.........................................................................................................................15第5章数控车自动编程软件CAXA介绍.............................................................................195.1．CAXA数控车界面..........................................................................................................195.2.CAXA数控车进行造型设计............................................................................................195.3CAXA数控车加工-CAM....................................................................................................205.4．CAXA数控车加工类型..................................................................................................20结束语............................................................................................................................................21参考文献..................................................................................................................