自动化毕业论文(四层电梯的PLC控制系统设计与实现)

西安思源学院本科毕业设计（论文）I摘要随着科学技术的发展，近年来我国的电梯生产技术得到了迅速发展，一些电梯厂也在不断改进设计、修改工艺。更新换代生产更新型的电梯，电梯主要分为机械系统与控制系统两大部份，随着自动控制理论与微电子技术的发展，电梯的拖动方式与控制手段均发生了很大的变化，交流调速是当前电梯拖动的主要发展方向。目前电梯控制系统主要有三种控制方式：继电路控制系统(早期安装的电梯多位继电器控制系统)、PLC控制系统、微机控制系统。继电器控制系统由于故障率高、可靠性差、控制方式不灵活以及消耗功率大等缺点，目前已逐渐被淘汰。微机控制系统虽在智能控制方面有较强的功能，但也存在抗扰性差，系统设计复杂，一般维修人员难以掌握其维修技术等缺陷。而PLC控制系统由于运行可靠性高，使用维修方便，抗干扰性强,设计和调试周期较短等优点，倍受人们重视等优点，已成为目前在电梯控制系统中使用最多的控制方式，目前也广泛用于传统继电器控制系统的技术改造。关键词PLC；电梯；控制系统；设计西安思源学院本科毕业设计（论文）IIAbstractAlongwithscience'sandtechnology'sdevelopment,therecentyears,ourcountry'selevatorproductiontechnologyobtainedtherapidlyexpand.Someelevatorfactoryunceasinglyisalsoimprovingthedesign,therevisioncraft.Therenewalproductionrenewal'selevator,theelevatormainlydividesintothemechanicalsystemandthecontrolsystemtwomajorparts,alongwiththeautomaticcontroltheoryandmicroelectronictechnology'sdevelopment,elevator'sdraggingwayandthecontrolmethodhashadtheverybigchange,theexchangevelocitymodulationisthecurrentelevatordraggingmaindevelopmentdirection.Atpresenttheliftcontrolsystemmainlyhasthreecontrolmodes:Followingelectriccircuitcontrolsystem(“earlyinstallmentelevatormanyblack-whitecontrolsystem),PLCcontrolsystem,microcomputercontrolsystem.Becausetheblack-whitecontrolsystemthefailurerateishigh,thereliabilityisbad,controlmodenotnimbleaswellasconsumedpowerbigandsoonshortcomings,atpresenthasbeeneliminatedgradually.KeywordsPLC,elevator,controlsystem,design西安思源学院本科毕业设计（论文）III目录摘要..........................................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论...............................................................................................................11.1课题研究目的和意义..................................................................................11.2电梯控制系统的组成..................................................................................21.3PLC在电梯系统的应用现状与发展趋势...................................................41.4可编程控制器简介......................................................................................51.4.1可编程控制器的发展.......................................................................51.4.2PLC的用途........................................................................................61.4.3可编程控制器的特点.......................................................................71.4.4PLC的工作原理................................................................................91.4.5PLC的编程语言..............................................................................101.5论文的主要研究内容................................................................................10第2章电梯PLC控制系统结构方案...................................................................122.1楼层状态指示设计....................................................................................132.2电梯下行程序设计....................................................................................132.3电梯上行程序设计....................................................................................142.4电梯到达时程序设计................................................................................14第3章系统输入输出设计.....................................................................................173.1PLC输入信号的确定方法.........................................................................173.2PLC输出信号的确定方法.........................................................................18第4章电梯PLC控制系统设计............................................................................244.1电梯的控制要求........................................................................................244.2PLC控制系统的设计分析.........................................................................244.3电梯模型PLC控制系统设计...................................................................254.4PLC的选择.................................................................................................274.5I/O分配表...................................................................................................274.6硬件接线图................................................................................................284.7PLC程序梯形图.........................................................................................29第5章电梯PLC的调试与安装............................................................................355.1模拟调试....................................................................................................35西安思源学院本科毕业设计（论文）IV5.2安装调试....................................................................................................355.2.1单指令运行调试...........................................................................365.2.2复杂运行调试...............................................................................36结论.......................................................................................................................37致谢................................................................................................................