简奥斯汀英文简介及作品评论

你自己看一下，提取你认为要演讲的东西。读一遍对你有好处，等演讲完了别人问你问题也好回答。JaneAusten(1775-1817)Englishwriter,whofirstgavethenovelitsmoderncharacterthroughthetreatmentofeverydaylife.AlthoughAustenwaswidelyreadinherlifetime,shepublishedherworksanonymously.Themosturgentpreoccupationofherbright,youngheroinesiscourtshipandfinallymarriage.Austenherselfnevermarried.Herbest-knownbooksincludePRIDEANDPREJUDICE(1813)andEMMA(1816).VirginiaWoolfcalledAustenthemostperfectartistamongwomen.Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbeinwantofawife.(fromPrideandPrejudice,1813)JaneAustenwasborninSteventon,Hampshire,whereherfather,Rev.GeorgeAusten,wasarector.Shewastheseconddaughterandseventhchildinafamilyofeight.TheAustensdidnotloseasingleoneoftheirchildren.CassandraLeigh,Jane'smother,fedherinfantsatthebreastafewmonths,andthensentthemtoawetnurseinanearbyvillagetobelookedafterforanotheryearorlonger.Thefirst25yearsofherlifeJanespentinHampshire.Onherfather'sunexpectedretirement,thefamilysoldoffeverything,includingJane'spiano,andmovedtoBath.Jane,agedtwenty-five,andCassandra,hereldersister,agedtwenty-eight,wereconsideredbycontemporarystandardsconfirmedoldmaid,andfollowedtheirparents.JaneAustenwasmostlytutoredathome,andirregularlyatschool,butshereceivedabroadereducationthanmanywomenofhertime.Shestartedtowriteforfamilyamusementasachild.Herparentswereavidreaders;Austen'sownfavoritepoetwasCowper.Herearliest-knownwritingsdatefromabout1787.Veryshyaboutherwriting,shewroteonsmallpiecesofpaperthatsheslippedunderthedeskplotterifanyonecameintotheroom.Inherletterssheobservedthedailylifeofherfamilyandfriendsinanintimateandgossipymanner:JamesdancedwithAlethea,andcutuptheturkeylastnightwithgreatperseverance.Yousaynothingofthesilkstockings;Iflattermyself,therefore,thatCharleshasnotpurchasedany,asIcannotverywellaffordtopayforthem;allmymoneyisspentinbuyingwhiteglovesandpinkpersian.(AusteninalettertohersisterCassandrain1796)Austen'sfathersupportedhisdaughter'swritingaspirationsandtriedtohelphergetapublisher.Afterhisdeathin1805,shelivedwithhersisterandhypochondriacmotherinSouthamptonandmovedin1809toalargecottageinthevillageofChawton.Austennevermarried,buthersociallifewasactiveandshehadsuitorsandromanticdreams.JamesEdwardAusten-Leigh,hernephew,wantedtocreateanotherkindoflegendaroundherandclaimedthatofeventsherlifewassingularlybarren:fewchangesandnogreatcriseseverbrokethesmoothcurrentofitscourse...Therewasinhernothingeccentricorangular;noruggednessoftemper;nosingularityofmanner...Austen'ssisterCassandraalsonevermarried.Oneofherbrothersbecameaclergyman,twoservedinthenavy,onewasmentallyretarded.Hewastakencareofalocalfamily.Austenwaswellconnectedwiththemiddling-richlandedgentrythatsheportrayedinhernovels.InChawtonshestartedtowritehermajorworks,amongthemSENSEANDSENSIBILITY,thestoryoftheimpoverishedDashwoodsisters,MarianneandElinor,whotrytofindproperhusbandstosecuretheirsocialposition.Thenovelwaswrittenin1797astherevisionofasketchcalledElinorandMarianne,composedwhentheauthorwas20.Accordingtosomesources,anearlierversionoftheworkwaswrittenintheformofanovelinletters,andreadaloudtothefamilyasearlyas1795.Austen'sheroinesaredeterminedtomarrywiselyandwell,butromanticMarianneofSenseandSensibilityisacharacter,whofeelsintenselyabouteverythingandlosesherhearttoanirresponsibleseducer.Icouldnotbehappywithamanwhosetastedidnotineverypointcoincidewithmyown.Hemustenterintoallmyfeelings;thesamewithbooks,thesamemusicmustcharmusboth.ReasonableElinorfallsinlovewithagentlemanalreadyengaged.'Ihavefrequentlydetectedmyselfinsuchkindofmistakes,saidElinor,inatotalmisapprehensionofcharacterinsomepointoranother:fancyingpeoplesomuchmoregayorgrave,oringeniousorstupidthantheyreallyare,andIcanhardlytellwhyorinwhatthedeceptionoriginated.Sometimesoneisguidedbywhattheysayofthemselves,andveryfrequentlybywhatotherpeoplesayofthem,withoutgivingoneselftimetodeliberateandjudge.'WhenMariannelikestoreadandexpressherfeelings,Elinorpreferstodrawanddesignandbesilentofhisdesires.TheyarethedaughtersofHenryDashwood,whoseson,John,fromaformermarriage.Afterhisdeath,JohninheritstheNorlandestateinSussex,wherethesisterslive.John'swife,thegreedyandselfishFanny,insiststhattheymovetoNorland.TheimpoverishedwidowandandherdaughtersmovetoBartonCottageinDevonshire.ThereMarianneissurroundedbyadeviousheartbreakerWilloughby,whohasalreadylovedanotherwoman.ElinorbecomesinterestedinEdwardFerrars,whoisproudandignorant.ColonelBrandon,anoldergentleman,doesn'tattractMarianne.SheisfinallyrejectedbyWilloughby.MarianneDashwoodwasborntoanextraordinaryfate.Shewasborntodiscoverthefalsehoodofherownopinions,andtocounteract,byherconduct,hermostfavoritemaxims.InallofAusten'snovelsherheroinesareultimatelymarried.PrideandPrejudicedescribedtheclashbetweenElisabethBennet,thedaughterofacountrygentlemanandanintelligentyoungwoman,andFitzwilliamDarcy,aricharistocraticlandowner.Theirrelationshipstartsfromdislike,butDarcybecomesintriguedbyhermindandspirit.Atlasttheyfallinloveandarehappilyunited.Austenhadcompletedtheearlyversionofthestoryin1797