心理学专业英语

1【目录】•1PERSPECTIVESINPSYCHOLOGY心理学纵览•2PESEARCHMETHODS研究方法•3COGNITIVEPSYCHOLOGY认知心理学•4DEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGY发展心理学•5COMPARATIVEPSYCHOLOGY比较心理学•6BIOPSYCHOLOGY生理心理学•7ABNORMALPSYCHOLOGY变态心理学•NOTES注释•INDEX索引CONTENTSCHAPTERONEWHATISPSYCHOLOGYCHAPTERTWORESEARCHMETHODSCHAPTERTHREECONGNITIVEPSYCHOLOGYCHAPTERFOURDEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGYCHAPTERFIVESOCIALPSYCHOLOGYCHAPTERSIXABNORMALPSYCHOLOGYCHAPTERSEVENSKILLSOFREADINGCHAPTEREIGHTSKILLSOFWRITING»AbstractWriting»WritinginSocialSciences»WritinginNaturalSciences•第一讲–一、英译汉–1、academicmotivation–2、adaptivebehavior–3、Adlerianpsychology–4、adolescentpsychiatry–5、adulteducation–6、affectiveperceptivetaking–7、alcoholdependence–8、aggressivebehavior–9、alternativehypothesis–10、animalpsychology第一讲•二、汉译英•1、反社会行为•2、应用心理学•3、能力倾向测验2•4、态度测量attitudemeasurement•5、依恋理论attachmenttheory•6、归因偏差attributionbias•7、权威型家长authoritativeparents•8、回避人格avoidantpersonality•9、注意缺陷性障碍attentiondeficitdisorder•10、同化效应assimilationeffect第二讲•一、英译汉•1、backwardinference•2、mentalage•3、behavioranalysis•4、behavioristicpsychology•5、bioelectricpotentialevent-relatedpotential•6、blockdesign•7、bloodrelationship•8、borderlineintelligence•9、Bruner’sinstructionalprinciple•10、businesspsychologyThewordPsychologyisderivedfromtwoGreekroots:Psyche,meaningmindorsoulandLogos,meaningstudyof.Psychology,therefore,literallymeansstudyofthemind.However,amorerecentdefinitionbyAtkinsonetal(1991)suggeststhatpsychologyis:ThescientificstudyofbehaviorandmentalprocessesJustgivingthissimpledefinition,however,isabitmisleading,sincepsychologistsnowandthroughouttheirhistoryhavenotonlydisagreedaboutthedefinitionofpsychologybuthavealsostronglydisagreedaboutwhatshouldbestudiedinthesubjectandhowitshouldbestudied.3Whatispsychology?DEFINITIONS:ThewordPsychologyisderivedfromtwoGreekroots:Psyche,meaningmindorsoulandLogos,meaningstudyof.derive:派生roots:词根mind:心灵；精神soul:灵魂；心灵；精神心理学这个单词是由psyche和logos这两个希腊词派生出来的，psyche的意思是心灵或精神，logos的意思是对¡­¡­研究。Psychology,therefore,literallymeansstudyofthemind.therefore:因此literally:根据字面意思因此，从字面上来讲，心理的意思就是对于心灵(意识)的研究。4Justgivingthissimpledefinition,however,isabitmisleading,sincepsychologistsnowandthroughouttheirhistoryhavenotonlydisagreedaboutthedefinitionofpsychologybuthavealsostronglydisagreedaboutwhatshouldbestudiedinthesubjectandhowitshouldbestudied.misleading:误导的，令人误解的，引入歧途subject:主题，科目然而，仅仅给出这样一个简单的定义，会有一点误导，因为无论是在历史上还是现在，心理学家不仅对于心理学的定义没有达成一致，而且对于在这个学科中应该研究什么以及应该如何研究也存在巨大的分歧。WHEREDIDPSYCHOLOGYCOMEFROM?PsychologydevelopedfromthreemainareasofstudyPhilosophy:哲学Biology:生物学Physics:物理学心理学的来源？心理学是从三个主要的研究领域发展而来的：哲学、生物学、物理学。ManyoftheproblemswhichpsychologyhasinvestigatedwerefirstmostclearlyoutlinedbyGreekphilosopherssuchasSocrates,Plato,andAristotleinthe5thcenturyBC.investigate:调查，研究，探讨outline:概述，提出……的纲要suchas:像，诸如，例如[用于举例]心理学研究的很多问题，是由希腊哲学家最先清晰提出（概要）的。比如说公元前5世纪的Socrates,Plato,andAristotle等。Twomorerecentphilosophicalinfluencesonthedevelopmentofpsychologyasasciencewere:1Empiricism-whicharguedthathumansshouldonlymeasuredatathatisobjectivelyHowever,amorerecentdefinitionbyAtkinsonetal(1991)suggeststhatpsychologyis:Thescientificstudyofbehaviourandmentalprocessessuggest:认为，建议，提议然而，Atkinson（1991）等人提出了一个较新的定义，¡°心理学是对于行为与心理过程的科学研究¡±。心理学是研究行为和心理过程的科学。5observable,suchasbehaviour.2Positivism-whicharguedthatthemethodsandprinciplesofscienceshouldbeappliedtohumanbehaviour.当今对于心理学作为科学的发展，对于它的两个哲学性影响是：1经验主义——认为人们只能去测量可以客观观测的数据，比如说行为。2实证主义——认为科学的原理的方法应该被应用于人类行为的研究中。•empiricism:thebeliefinbasingyourideasonpracticalexperience.•positivism：akindofPHILOSOPHYthatisbasedonlyonrealfactswhichcanbescientificallyproved,ratherthanonideas.BIOLOGYBiologyhastwoimportantinfluences:1Evolution-Darwin'ssuggestionthathumanshaveevolvedfromotheranimals.Thediscoveriesingeneticsthatfollowedfromhisevolutionarytheroyhavehadmanyimportantimplicationsforthestudyandunderstandingofbahaviour.2Physiology-thediscoveries,mostlybythemedicalprofession,ofthestructureandfunctionofthebrain,nervous,andendocrinesystemhavesignificantlycontributedtotheunderstandingofbehaviour.第三讲•一、英译汉•1、chronologicalage•2、casestudy•3、Cattelltraittheory•4、ChinesePsychologicalSociety•5、clinicalpsychology•6、coefficientofreliability•7、cognitivedissonance•8、concreteoperationstage•9、constancyofshape•10、consultingpsychology二、汉译英•1、相关分析•2、消费心理学•3、遗忘曲线•4、抑郁性焦虑•5、去自我中心•6、描述统计学•7、发展心理学•8、异常行为•9、差异显著性•10、发现学习1Evolution-Darwin'ssuggestionthathumanshaveevolvedfromotheranimals.The6discoveriesingeneticsthatfollowedfromhisevolutionarytheroyhavehadmanyimportantimplicationsforthestudyandunderstandingofbahaviour.Evolution:进化论suggestion:建议，意见，观点implication:含义，影响，（可引申为意义）进化论——Darwin认为人类是从别的动物进化而来的。基因理论（遗传学）是由其理论发展而来的，在基因领域的发现，对于研究和理解行为有重大的影响。2Physiology-thediscoveries,mostlybythemedicalprofession,ofthestructureandfunctionofthebrain,nervous,andendocrinesystemhavesignificantlycontributedtotheunderstandingofbehaviour.physiology:生理学medicalprofession:医疗职业endocrinesystem:内分泌系统significantly:重大地，客观地生理学领域尤其是医疗行业，对脑，神经，内分泌系统的结构和功能的发现，对于理解行为有重大的贡献。PHYSICSAsubjectthatbecauseofitsgreatsuccesshasbeenadoptedastheidealmodelbyscientistinpsyc