必修五-Unit-1-Great-scientists-Grammar-[课件]

人教课标版高二必修5Unit1过去分词有“被动”和“完成”的意思，及物动词的过去分词既表示被动也表示完成，但有时只是表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成。abrokenheart一颗破碎的心（被动和完成）spokenEnglish英语口语（被动）fallenleaves落叶（完成）过去分词过去分词作定语1．单个的过去分词一般作前置定语，即放在所修饰的名词前；过去分词短语一般作后置定语，即放在所修饰的名词后。1.Lookatthebrokenglasses.2.What’sthelanguagespokeninthatarea?2.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别:•(1).在语态上不同：现在分词与被修饰词之间构成“主动”关系，而过去分词则与其构成“被动”关系。如:therulingclass统治阶级theruledclass被统治阶级•(2).时间关系上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行中，而过去分词表示的动作则往往已经完成。如:developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家3.done;beingdone;tobedone的区别(1).过去分词还有“被动”和“完成”两种含义。Themeetingheldyesterdaywasofgreatimportance.(2).若表示“某事正在被做”，通常使用动词的beingdone形式。Themeetingbeingheldnowisofgreatimportance.(3).若表示“即将被做”，通常使用动词的tobedone形式。Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisofgreatimportance.4．过去分词和现在分词作定语与定语从句的互换。(1).过去分词作定语改成定语从句时，从句一般为被动句。HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.=HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverwhichwaspollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.(2).现在分词作定语改成定语从句时，从句一般为主动句。Anhonestpersonisapersonalwaystellingthetruth.=Anhonestpersonisapersonwhoalwaystellsthetruth.过去分词作表语1.过去分词作表语时总是用在系动词后，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。Shelookeddisappointed.•2.系表结构与被动结构的区别。两者都是由”“be+done”构成，但系表结构中的过去分词表示主语所处的状态，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。Thelakeisbadlypollutedbythepapermill.那个湖被一家造纸厂严重污染了。（被动语态）Heisdressedinwhiteuniform.他穿着白色的制服.(系表结构)3．现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别:过去分词作表语时，句子主语多是人，表示主语的感受；现在分词作表语时，句子主语多是物，它表示给别人带来的感受。Thematchisexciting.这场比赛令人兴奋。Theaudienceareexcited.观众们都兴奋起来。---翻译下列词组和句子1.alostanimal__________________2.ausedstamp_________________3.aninjuredfinger______________4.abrokencoin________________5.alightedcandle_______________6.therisensun__________________7.aretiredteacher_______________8.adrunkman__________________9.Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter._______________________________________10.Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth._______________________________________一只迷路的动物一枚用过的邮票一根受伤的手指一枚破损的硬币一支点燃的蜡烛升起的太阳一个退休的老师一个喝醉的男人那个穿着白衣服的学生是我的女儿.我喜欢穿那种布料做成的衣服.---翻译下列词组和句子11.ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular.________________________________12.We’llgotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago._______________________________13.Thisisaproblemdiscussed.______________________________14.Thisisaproblembeingdiscussed.______________________________15.Thisisaproblemtobediscussed.______________________________鲁迅写的书很受欢迎.我们将要参观几百年前建的那座桥.这是已经讨论过的问题.这是正在讨论的问题这是将要讨论的问题.1.不要喝污染了的水，因为它有细菌。Don’tdrink__________(pollute)water,becauseitcarriesviruses.2.我们决心尽快在这里建一座水库。Weare_____________(determine)tobuildareservoirhereintheshortestpossibletime.3.一位写小说的年轻人昨天来给我们作报告了。Ayoungman__________(write)novelscametogiveusaspeechyesterday.polluteddeterminedwriting4.事情发生得太快，汤姆好像有点晕头转向的。ThingswerehappeningmuchtooquicklyandTomeseemed_______________(confuse).5.有一只大狗拴在房外的篱笆上。Thereisabigdog____________(tie)toafenceoutsidethehouse.6.我希望此事立刻得到解决。Ishouldlikethismatter______________(settle)immediately.confusedtiedsettled7.一旦出版，这本字典将会非常受欢迎。Once___________(publish),thisdictionarywillbeverypopular.8.他是我们敬爱的领袖。Heisour___________(belove)leader.9.你认识坐在房间后面的那位妇女吗？Doyouknowthewoman____________(sit)attheendoftheroom?10.你会发现现在这些女孩不会轻易害怕的。You’llfindthatthesegirlsdon’tfeel____________(frighten)easilynow.publishedbelovedsittingfrightened--将下列含有分词的句子改写为定语从句1.Thesportsmeetingheldyesterdaywasveryinteresting.=Thesportsmeetingwhichwasheldyesterdaywasveryinteresting.2.Doyouknowthemanseatedonthestone?=Doyouknowthemanwhoisseatedonthestone?3.Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin1982.=Thehousewhichisstandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin1982.4.Iknowthemanspeakingtoyourfather.5.AboycalledJackwonthegame.=Iknowthemanwhoisspeakingtoyourfather.=AboywhowascalledJackwonthegame.1.Mr.Smith,_________ofthespeech,startedtoreada__________novel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring2.Pricesofdailygoods__________throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying3选择题AB3.Mostoftheartists___________tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.tobeinvitedC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited4.Ifastoryis___________,you’llbecome__________whenyoureadit.A.exciting;excitedB.exciting;excitingC.excited;excitingD.excited;excitedAA5.Ioftenreadthebooks__________bythewriter.A.writeB.wroteC.writingD.written6.Theplay____________nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced.DC7.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_________onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow8.Weareinvitedtoaparty__________inourclubnextFriday.A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holdingBA9.Thereisagreatdealofevidence_______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A.indicateB.indicatingC.toindicateD.indicated10.Thewaytheguests___________inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheserviceA.treatedB.weretreatedC.tobetreatedD.treatingBA1.Theairport___________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingcompletedB.tobecompletedC.completedD.havingbeencompleted2.Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_________indailyconversations.A.usingB.touseC.havingusedD.used当堂检测BD3.Lookoverthere—there’saverylong,windingpath_________