trolleybus无轨电车presentation

trolleybuswhatisthetrolleybusAtrolleybusisanelectricbusthatdrawsitselectricityfromoverheadwires(generallysuspendedfromroadsideposts)usingspring-loadedtrolleypoles。trolleypolesoverheadwiresTothepassenger-ZeropollutionemissionsinthestreetsLowestpossiblenoiselevelsPowerfulbutsmoothaccelerationandbrakingTheadvantagesofelectrictrolleybusesTothepublicgenerally-LowestpossibleemissionsintotheenvironmentasawholeLowestpossibleconsumptionofnonrenewableresourcesLowestpossiblereleaseofgreenhousegaseslikeCO2Totheoperator-HighmechanicalreliabilityandefficiencyLongservicelifeGreateraccelerationandhillclimbingperformanceLowerpowercostsLowermaintenancecostsThehistoryoftrolleybus？Thetrolleybusdatesbackto29April1882,whenDr.ErnstWernervonSiemensranhisElektromoteinaBerlinsuburb.Thisexperimentaldemonstrationcontinueduntil13June1882,afterwhichtherewerefewdevelopmentsinEurope,althoughseparateexperimentswereconductedintheUSA.EarlySiemensTrolleybus-1882Until1930s，thenumberoftrolleybusesinmanycitiesinEuropeandtUnitedStateswereoperated,reached2300.November1933,Moscowbuiltthefirst7.5km-longtrolleyline.itwasasignificantexpansionperiodforthetrolleybuses.withtheimprovementoftheinternalcombustionenginedesign,andthecostdeclinedofmassproductiontheearly1950s,WesternEuropeandtheUnitedStatesgraduallyreplacethetrolleybuseswiththeinternalcombustionengine-drivenbusesIn1972,theBritishstoppedrunningthefinaltrolleybuslinesstop.Germany,alsoshutdownmanyofthecity'strolleybuslines,onlyremainingthreecitiesthatstillretainedthetrolleybus.IntheUnitedStates,36cityCitystoprunningthetrolleybus。However,onthecontrary,inthemeantimesomeoftheformerSovietUnionandEasternEuropeState'sconstructiononthetrolleybus,stillcontinuetodevelop.AfterWorldWarII,from1960to1980,110citiesintheformerSovietUnionbuiltatrolleybuslines;numberofvehiclesincreasedfromthe4730to23868.Thetotallinelengthincreasedby2680kmto14041km.Transitauthoritiesinsomecitieshavereducedordiscontinuedtheiruseoftrolleybusesinrecentyears,whileothers,wantingtoaddorexpanduseofzero-emissionvehiclesinanurbanenvironment,haveopenednewsystemsorareplanningnewsystems.Forexample,Lecce,Italy,openedanewtrolleybussystemin2012,andnewsystemsareplannedinLeedsandMontréal,amongotherplaces.2trolleybusinChinaTrolleybus’numberofdomesticcitiesTherehaveeverbeenatotalof27citybuseshavebeenoperatingtrolleybuses,whileatpresentonly10;since1990s,trolleybuseswasbeginningtobesnubbed.Somecitieshaveimplementedasteamreformprojecttoreducethescaleofthetram,andsomeremovethewiremeshsimply,asaresult，trolleybusesinsomecitieshavequitthestage。shanghaithereisalonghistoryoftrolleybusinShanghai.Intheearly1990s,therehadbeen22trolleybuslinesand923vehicleinshanghaiwherethescaleofoperationsleapintothefrontranksoftheworld.Forsomereason，thegovernmentcomeupwithmeasuresthethatreducetheuseofthetrolleybus。Atpresent，thereareonly11linesand135vehicle。Intheperiodof“Lianghui”thistime,aproposalTrolleybusesforstabilityreturnsofShanghaicity“，aimedtoreachthenumberoftrolleybus300in2015.Guangzhou231Becauseoflong-timeservice,itfacedwithwiremeshaging,laggingintechnology,dilapidatedvehiclesandotherissues.Comparedwiththebus,thetrolleybusislessflexibleandittakemoremoneytolaywiresandmakeotherconstructionTheadvantageoftrolleybusishidedbythecongestioninChina.Whytheuseoftrolleybusisreducing谢谢观赏恳请大家批评指正