高考英语完形填空试题(附答案)

高考英语完形填空试题(附答案)一、高中英语完形填空1．Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Now,U.S.researchershaveidentifiedanewwaytotreatpeopleinfectedwithtuberculosis(肺结核)beforetheygetsick.Tuberculosisisoneoftheworld'smost1healththreats.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear.Anothertwobillionare2:theyareinfected,butdon'thavesymptomsofthedisease.Thoseathighestriskcantakemedicine,butVanderbiltUniversityresearcherTimothySterlingsaysnoteveryone3withthetreatment,whichisadailydoseofisoniazid(异烟肼，抗结核药)forninemonths.Soalthoughthemedicationishighlyeffectiveifpeopletakealloftheirmedication,manypeopledonottakealltheirmedicationandthereforetheeffectivenessofthetreatmentplanis4.Asa(n)5,Sterlingandhiscolleagues6isoniazidwithanotherdrug,rifapentine(利福喷汀).Thecombinationwastakenweekly,notdaily,forjustthreemonths.Andtheresultsofthisstudyshowedthatthenewtreatmentplan----thethreemonthsofisoniazidandrifapentine----wasaseffectiveasthenine–monthisoniazidtreatmentplan.7,theshort-course,three-monthtreatmentplanhadhighertreatmentcompletionratesandwasalsowell8.Therewassomeotherdifference.Thetwo-drug,combinationtreatmentwasadministeredasdirectly9therapy.Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker,toensurethattheyfollowedthetreatmentplan.Thiswasalargestudy,involving7,500participantsinNorthAmerica,Spain,andBrazil.Sterling10thatmostofthepeopleinthisstudywereHIV-negative.Theresultsmightbe11forHIV-positivepeople.ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis,butthestudywastoosmalltobe12.TimothySterling'sresearch,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,hasbeen13bytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theCDC.Thegovernmenthealthagencyrecommendsthe12-doseweeklycombinationtreatmentasanequalalternativetothe270–dosedailytreatmentplanthathasbeenthe14therapy.Butbecauseofpossible15issues,theCDCstillrecommendsthedailytreatmentplanforHIV–positivepatientswhoaretakingantiretroviraldrugsorwomenwhoarepregnant.Alsobecauseofalackofdata,theCDCsayschildrenunderage12shouldstaywiththenine-monthdailytreatment.1.A.publicB.persistentC.predictableD.mild2.A.outofcontrolB.beyondexpectationC.withouthopeD.underthreat3.A.putupB.followthroughC.getalongD.comeup4.A.decreasedB.maximizedC.measuredD.enhanced5.A.supplementB.substituteC.promotionD.alternative6.A.mixedB.replacedC.associatedD.connected7.A.AsaresultB.InadditionC.InfactD.Forinstance8.A.imposedB.toleratedC.cultivatedD.infected9.A.isolatedB.implementedC.observedD.required10.A.arguesB.suggestsC.commandsD.warns11.A.inevitableB.negativeC.distinctD.indirect12.A.definiteB.desiredC.logicalD.detailed13.A.conductedB.provedC.demonstratedD.approved14.A.similarB.uniqueC.standardD.peculiar15.A.personalB.crucialC.ageD.safety【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍结核病是世界上最严重的疾病之一，但是研究人员发现了新的混合疗法用于肺结核疾病的治疗，效果更佳，但是仍不完善，对于HIV呈阳性的病人治疗时，政府机构持谨慎态度。（1）考查形容词。句意：肺结核是世界上最持久的健康威胁之一。A.public“公共的”；B.persistent“固定的，持久的”；C.predictable“可预测的”；D.mild“温和的”。根据下文“TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear”可知，每年有大约200万人死于肺结核，故可知该病最持久，故选B。（2）考查介词短语。句意：还有二十亿人遭受肺结核病的威胁，没有任何症状。A.outofcontrol“摆脱控制”；B.beyondexpectation“超出期望”；C.withouthope“没有希望”；D.underthreat“遭受威胁”。根据下文没有任何症状可知，遭受威胁，故选D。（3）考查动词短语。句意：有更高风险患肺结核的人可以服药，但是VanderbiltUniversity研究人员TimothySterling说不是每个人完成这个治疗，需要连续服药异烟肼九个月。A.putup“忍受”；B.followthrough“坚持到底”；C.getalong“处理”；D.comeup“提出”。根据下文可知，需要服药九个月，故可知很难坚持到底，故选B。（4）考查动词。句意：因此治疗的有效性会降低。A.decreased“减少，降低”；B.maximized“最大化”；C.measured“测量”；D.enhanced“提升”。根据上文“manypeopledonottakealltheirmedication”可知，很多人无法服用他们的药，可知效果降低，故选A。（5）考查名词。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling和他的同事把异烟肼与利福喷汀混合。A.supplement“补充”；B.substitute“代替者”；C.promotion“促进”；D.alternative“替代性用品”。根据文章可知，做成一种新药替代之前的药品，故选D。（6）考查动词。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling和他的同事把异烟肼与利福喷汀混合。A.mixed“混合”；B.replaced“代替”；C.associated“联系”；D.connected“连接”。根据文章可知，把两种药相结合，故选A。（7）考查介词短语。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A.Asaresult“因此”；B.Inaddition“另外”；C.Infact“事实上”；D.Forinstance“例如”。根据上下文可知，本句讲述短期疗程的好处，故选C。（8）考查动词。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A.imposed“强加，利用”；B.tolerated“容忍”；C.cultivated“培养”；D.infected“感染”。根据上文“highertreatmentcompletionrates”更高的治疗完成率可知，更容易被患者接受，故选B。（9）考查形容词。句意：这两种药物结合疗治是通过直接观察的疗法进行的。A.isolated“孤立的”；B.implemented“落实的”；C.observed“观察的”；D.required“要求的”。根据下文“Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker”可知，病人当着医护人员的面服药，故选C。（10）考查动词。句意：Sterling警告说这份研究中的大多数人都是HIV呈阴性。A.argues“争论”；B.suggests“建议”；C.commands“要求”；D.warns“警告”。根据下文可知，研究人员研究的对象没有感染HIV，因而对感染HIV的患者意义不一样，故选D。（11）考查形容词。句意：这个结果可能对HIV呈阳性的患者不同。A.inevitable“无法避免的”；B.negative“消极的，阴性的”；C.distinct“明显的，不同的”；D.indirect“间接的”。根据下文“ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis”可知，研究发现，混合疗法对患有HIV和肺结核病人的效果很好，故选C。（12）考查形容词。句意：但是这个研究样本太小而不能确定。A.definite“明确的”；B.desired“渴望的”；C.logical