Ways of Learning

WaysofLearningTheywhoknowthetrutharenotequaltothosewholoveit,andtheywholoveitarenotequaltothosewhodelightinit.知之者，不如好之者，好之者，不如乐之者。EducationinChina•Educationisconsideredarace.•Studentshavetobeginasearlyaspossibleandproceedasquicklyaspossiblealongtheeducationaltrack.•Advantage:Morestudentsbecomeproficientandreachthefinishline.•Disadvantage:Theymayhavelesstosayortoshowoncetheygetthere.EducationinAmerica•TheAmericansthinkstudentsshouldhaveachancetowander.Bydoingthissomeofthemmayhavemoretoofferbytheendoftherace.•Disadvantage:Manystudentsneverfinishtherace.•Advantage:Studentswhoreachthefinishlinemayhaveveryinterestingandoriginalthingstosaywhentheygetthere.•InChina,therearesomanypeopleparticipatingintherace,anditisnotpossibletoallowstudentstofollowtheirownpaths.Everyonehastotakethesameexaminations,sotheywantthebestpreparationpossible.•Thesizeofthepopulation,thelimitednumberofuniversities,andtheexaminationsystemarethecausesofthedifferencesbetweenAmericanandChineseeducation.Takedownthequestionsyouareinterestedin,thinkalot,andwe’lldiscusssomeofthemnexttime.Discoursecomprehensionofpartone(P1-5)•Whereandwhendidtheincidenttakeplace?•Whoarethemaincharactersinthisincident?•WhatistheattitudeoftheauthorandhiswifetowardBenjamin’seffortsininsertingthekeyintotheslot?•WhatistheattitudeofthehotelstafftowardBenjamin’sefforts?Therearemanywaysofintroducingatopic/opening:a.Aquotationofafamoussayingb.Asurprisingfactorstatisticc.Ananecdoteoranincidentd.Aquestione.Anopinionoppositetothethesis/debatef.suspenseg.narrationh.statingthetopicdirectlyLanguagepointsofpartonetelling:havingastrongeffectorimpact；revealing;powerfullypersuasivee.g.Historyisthemosttellingwitness.tohaveatellingeffect有显著效果的atellingsmile流露出情感的微笑attach(7):fastenorjoin(onethingtoanother)usedinthepattern:attachsth.tosth.系，贴，连接e.g.Heattachedhishorsetoatree.(缚、系、贴)Attacharecentphotographtotheapplicationform.toattachimportance/prioritytosth.beattachedto连在…上，附属于；热爱，依恋e.g.Moreandmorebranchesofeconomicsareattachedtomathematics.经济学中越来越多的分支和数学紧密相连。InBritain,packetsofcigarettescomewithagovernmenthealthwarningattachedtothem.TheschoolisattachedtotheNormalUniversity.(隶属，使附属)Heisdeeplyattachedtohiswife.（喜爱；依恋beattachedto）notintheleast(15):notatall•e.g.Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.本杰明一点也不在意。•I’mnotintheleastafraidofit.leastofall:尤其Nobodyneedworry,leastofallyou.lastbutnotleast:最后（也是同等重要的是）tosaytheleast:退一步说，最起码findone’sway:(~into/outof)reachadestinationnaturally;arriveat设法到达；进入，流入e.g.Drunkashewas,Peterstillfoundhiswayhome.Onlyoneofherinventionshasfounditswayintotheshops.Hethathasatongueinhisheadmayfindhiswayanywhere.遇事多问，随处可行。More:loseone’sway迷路;findone’swayout寻找解决方案；e.g.Icanfindnowayout.我真是没辙了。findone’swayto到达exploratorybehavior(19)Thisisapsychologicaltermusedtodescribeactionsaimedatfindingoutmoreaboutone’ssituationorsurroundings.Thelittleboywasdoingthingsthathelpedhimexploretheworldaroundhim.neglect:vt.&ngivetoolittleattentionorcareto(指对职责、义务或应做的事没有给予足够的注意。这种忘记可能是有意的，也可能是无意的。(neglectfulof疏忽的，不留意的，大意的:Someboysare~oftheirappearance.)e.g.toneglectduty/neglectofduty玩忽职守Whenanopportunityisneglected,itnevercomesbacktoyou.机不可失，时不我待。c.f.ignore:paynoattentiontosb./sth.onpurpose,orasifsth.hasnothappened指疏忽，不顾。强调对某人、某物故意不理会，有时还带有固执地拒绝意味。e.g.Isaid“Goodmorning”toher,butshejustignoredmeandwalkedon.•美国有一条罪名是guiltyofneglect疏忽罪。美国法律认为，12岁以下的小孩没有照顾自己的能力，因此必须有人随时照看，任何形式的虐待小孩都是十分严重的犯罪，甚至可能将小孩判离父母，由政府安排人抚养。Guiltyofneglect是虐待小孩的一种罪名。relevant:directlyconnectedwiththesubject(followedbyto,oppositeirrelevant)(28)•Idon’tthinkthisthingisrelevanttothepresentquestion.•WhilewritingmytermpaperIwasabletoborrowalltherelevantbooksfromtheschoollibrary.•Educationshouldberelevanttocurrentneedsofourcountry.教育应该与我们国家当前的需求紧密结合。throw/shed/castlightupon/on：helpunderstand,makesth.clearer字面意思是“将光投射在之上”，引申义为“解释明白，使明白，为提供线索”。e.g.Theoryofrelativityhasthrownlightonthestructureofspace-time.相对论使我们了解时空结构。Thesefactsthrewnewlightonthematter.这些事实使人进一步了解此事。Thisinformationmaythrowlightonthemystery.这项情报可能有助于查明那件疑案。•SumupthecontrastbetweentheattitudeofthecoupleandthatofthehotelstafftowardBenjamin’seffortsininsertingthekeyintotheslot:----thecouple:lethimexploreandenjoyhimself.----thehotelstaff:heldhishandandtaughthimhowtoinsertthekeydirectly.Discoursecomprehensionofparttwo(p6-13):twomajorwaystoorganizecompareandcontrast※onewayistoexamineonesubjectthoroughlyandthenstarttheother.(one-side-at-a-timemethod)※theotherwayistoexaminetwosubjectsatthesametime,discussingthempointbypoint.(point-by-pointmethod)Scanthefirstsentenceofbothpara.6andpara.7,anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere---?Scanfrompara.11topara.13,anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere---?Languagepointsofparttwoonone’sown:1)withoutanyone’shelp独立地e.g.Youneedn’tgivemeanyhelp.Iamabletomanageonmyown2)alone独自地e.g.I’drathernotgotodanceonmyown.Idowishyou’dcomewithme.gain:n.1)利益，好处(38)e.g.Oneman’slossisanotherman’sgain.Nopain,nogain.ill-gottengains不义之财makegainsatother’sexpense损人利己withthehopeof~inthefuture巴望将来发财2)获得，得到：beblindedbythegainofsuccess因获成功而利令智昏vt.获得，得到：