中美知识产权贸易摩擦现状及应对措施分析

中美知识产权贸易摩擦现状及应对措施分析摘要近年来，中美两国经济在相互依赖不断加强的同时，彼此之间的摩擦与冲突也在不断升级。其中中美知识产权贸易摩擦日渐成为中美贸易摩擦的焦点，已成为中国企业对美出口的最大障碍。中国企业频频遭受美国有关知识产权的337调查，时至今日中国己经成为美国知识产权调查最主要的调查对象和最大的受害国。这不仅给涉案的中国企业造成巨大的经济损失，同时也严重阻碍了我国对外贸易的平稳健康发展。面对上述局面，无论从理论意义上说，还是从实践意义上看，中美知识产权贸易摩擦都值得研究。本文在学术界已取得的相关研究基础上，首先对中美知识产权贸易摩擦的现状进行描述，而后分析了摩擦的现状特征，然后剖析了中美知识产权贸易摩擦产生的原因，接着又阐述了中美知识产权贸易摩擦对中国的影响。进而结合我国实际情况，提出了我国应对中美知识产权摩擦的应对措施。关键词：中美知识产权贸易摩擦337调查应对措施AnalysisofCounter-measureandCurrentSituationofSino-USIntellectualPropertyRightsTradeFrictionAbstractInrecentyears,Sino-USeconomicinterdependencecontinuetostrengthen.Atthesametime,thefrictionandconflictwitheachotherareconstantlyupgraded.Sino-UStradefrictioninwhichintellectualpropertyisbecomingthefocusofSino-UStradefriction,ChinesecompanieshavebecomethebiggestobstacletoexportstotheU.S..ChinesecompaniesfrequentlysufferfromtheU.S.337investigationsrelatedtointellectualproperty,todayChinahasbecomethemostimportantAmericanintellectualpropertyrightsinvestigatersandthebiggestvictimofthesurvey.ThisisnotonlytoChinesecompaniesinvolvedinthecasewhosufferedgreateconomiclosses,butalsoaseriousimpedimenttoChina'sstableandhealthydevelopmentofforeigntrade.Facingthementionedsituation,bothfromtheoreticalsense,andfromthepracticalpointofview,Sino-UStradefrictionofintellectualpropertyrightsareworthstudying.Thisarticlehasbeenmadeonthebasisofacademiccommunity’srelatedresearch.Firstly,thearticledescribedthecurrentsituationofSino-USIntellectualPropertyRightstradefriction,andthenanalyzesthecurrentcharacteristicsoffriction,andthenanalyzesthecausesofSino-USintellectualpropertyrightstradefriction,andthentheydescribedtheeffectofChina-USintellectualpropertyrightstradefrictiontoChina.Andthenaccordingtothecurrentsituationinourcountry,putforwardourcounter-measuretothetradefrictionofSino-USintellectualpropertyrights.Keywords:Sino-US；IntellectualProperty；Tradefriction；337survey；Counter-measure；目录1引言..................................................................................................................................12概述..................................................................................................................................22.1知识产权..................................................................................................................22.2知识产权的性质及特点..........................................................................................22.2.1知识产权的无形性......................................................................................22.2.2知识产权的依法性......................................................................................22.2.3知识产权的社会性......................................................................................22.3知识产权贸易摩擦..................................................................................................22.4美国关于知识产权的相关规定..............................................................................23中美知识产权贸易摩擦的现状......................................................................................43.1中美知识产权贸易摩擦的现状..............................................................................43.2中美知识产权贸易摩擦的特点..............................................................................43.2.1“337调查”的数量逐年增多，频率逐渐加快........................................43.2.2涉案行业越来越广泛..................................................................................53.2.3版权问题成为中美知识产权纠纷的焦点..................................................64中美知识产权贸易摩擦产生的原因..............................................................................74.1中美两国在知识产权制度保护的认识上存在差异.............................................74.2美国的贸易保护主义盛行.....................................................................................74.3中美贸易存在巨额逆差..........................................................................................85中美知识产权贸易摩擦的影响......................................................................................95.1中美知识产权贸易摩擦对中国的积极影响..........................................................95.1.1有利于增强我国企业的自主创新能力......................................................95.1.2有利于增强我国知识产权保护的法律意识..............................................95.1.3有利于培养知识产权专业人才..................................................................95.2中美知识产权贸易摩擦对中国的消极影响..........................................................95.2.1产生不利的“溢出效应”..........................................................................95.2.2不利于中国知识和技术创新....................................................................105.2.3不利于中美正常经贸关系发展................................................................106中国应对中美知识产权贸易摩擦措施........................................................................116.1政府的应对措施....................................................................................................116.1.1完善有关知识产权的法律法规，加强保护知识产权执法力度............116.1.2提高知识产权综合审批能力，优化审批的速度和质量........................116.1.3加强与国外知识产权保护的交流与合作................................................116.2行业协会应对措施.......................................................................................