高考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解解析

WelcometoMyClassClozeTest高考英语完形填空趋势•从近几年高考的完形填空来看，考核学生语法方面的知识已经很少了，而是从上下文逻辑、词义辨析、惯用搭配及基本常识等方面来测试学生词汇的掌握及运用。而且有些词的选择，必须在理解整篇文章的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。（一）完形填空题的题型特点1.首句完整“完形填空”所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。2.语境选择近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。“语境能力型”试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。3.动名为主完形填空所给的选项一般是同一词类，或属同一范畴。测试点往往集中于某些词类。高考完形填空题考查动词（5—8个）、名词（4—6个）、然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。这是因为现在的完形填空主要考察语境，而在通常情况下只有实词才能较好地体现语境。4.难处暗示难选之处前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往下读，我们就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。5.选材近几年来的高考完型填空题材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或具有一定哲理和教育意义，夹叙夹议，以叙为主的议论文。短文内容结构严谨，逻辑性强，层次分明。（三）完型填空题实用解题技巧实用技巧一：寻找关键信息词来选择答案例：NormanCousinswasabusinessmanfromtheUnitedStateswhooftentraveledaroundtheworldonbusiness.Heenjoyedhis__1__andtraveling.1.A.timeB.holidayC.sleepD.workD接着读下文：Then,afterreturningtotheUnitedStatesfroma_2___triptotheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublic(USSR),Mr.Cousinsgotsick.Becausehehadpushedhisbodytothelimitofitsstrengthonthetrip,achangebegantotakeplace__3___him.Thematerialbetweenhisbonesbecameweak.2.A.boringB.tiringC.dangerousD.pleasant3.A.fromB.aroundC.insideD.besideBC实用技巧二：根据词的固定搭配和句型来选择答案英语语言结构包含着大量的固定搭配、习惯用语以及各种句型结构等。词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配题是完形填空测试的重点。这种情况命题方式常见的有两种：一是将固定搭配中的某个词删去，二是在原来的搭配结构中插入较长的文字结构，造成搭配关系的松散现象。如：Aperson’sfeelingdepends,accordingtoDr.Green,___theclimate.Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto_1__theNobelprize，whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat__2__tothecausesofpeace，literature，andthesciences.1.A.establishB.formC.developD.promote2.A.additionsB.sacrificesC.changesD.contributions实用技巧三：背景知识或生活常识1.Butweransomuchthatwehadtrouble______.A.speakingB.movingC.sleepingD.breathingAllthestudentsaroundlookedatme，Iwastotally____，andmyfacewentred.A.embarrassedB.annoyedC.unsatisfiedD.excited.例：PagodaStreetisastreetlikemanyothers–notveryclean,notverywide,___1____wideenoughfortwobusestopass.Butitisa__2___streetallthesame,particularlyduringtherushhour.1.A.alsoB.evenC.andD.only2.A.famousB.usefulC.busyD.freeDC实用技巧四：通过上下文语境来选择答案Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors.Doorsmanyhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadto___differences.A.nationalB.embarrassingC.culturalD.amazing实用技巧五：利用语法分析，搞定语法题目完形填空中经常出现一些复杂的句式，给做题带来一些困难。虽然语法不再是考查的重点，而且一再被淡化，但偶尔还有语法分析题出现Inoneofthedarkesttimes__2__hisstrong-mindedgrandfatherwasnearlypenniless,heloadedhisfamilyintothecarandtookthemtoseefamilymembersinCanadawithabelief“therearemoreimportantthingsinlifethanmoney”.2.A.whenB.whileC.howD.why一显身手BACCD,DBADD,CABBD,ACBAD完形填空OnAugust26,1999,NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.Theraincausedthestreetsto36andthesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop.Unfortunately,thishappenedduringthemorningrushhour.Manypeoplewhoweregoingtoworkwere37togohome.Somebattledto38ataxiortogetonabus.Stillothersfacedthe39bravely,walkingmilestogettowork.I40tobeoneofpeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning.Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylineonlytofindthatmost41hadstopped.Aftermakingmyway42crowdsofpeople,36.A.breakB.floodC.sinkD.crash37.A.forcedB.refusedC.adjustedD.gathered38.A.orderB.payC.callD.search39.A.climateB.sceneryC.stormD.burden40.A.usedB.promisedC.deservedD.happened41.A.practiceB.routineC.processD.service42.A.toB.throughC.overD.forIfinallyfoundasubwaylinethatwas43.Unfortunately,thereweresomanypeoplewaitingto44thesubwaythatIcouldnotevengetdownthestairstothe45.SoItookthetraingoingintheoppositedirection,andthenswitchbacktothedowntowntrain.Finally,afterwhatseemedlikeanforever,thetrain46mystop.ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain.WhenIfinallygottomyoffice,Iwas47through,exhaustedand48.Myco-workersandIspentmostofthedaydryingoff.Whenitwas5:00pm，Iwasreadytogohome.Iwasabouttoturnoffmycomputer49IreceivedanemailfromGarth,myDirector:43.A.operatingB.cyclingC.turningD.rushing44.A.checkB.carryC.findD.board45.A.streetB.groundC.floorD.platform46.A.pausedB.crossedC.reachedD.parked47.A.wetB.weakC.sickD.hurt48.A.ashamedB.discouragedC.surprisedD.puzzled49.A.whileB.whenC.whereD.afterIwouldliketothankallofyouwhomadetheeffortand50reportedtowork.Itisalwaysreassuring(令人欣慰),attimeslikethese,whenemployeessoclearlyshowtheir51totheirjobs.Thankyou.Garth’semailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.Theemailtaughtmethatafewwordsof53canmakeabigdifference.Therainstormandthetraffic54hadmademetiedandupset.ButGarth’swordsimmediately55meandputasmilebackonmyface.50.A.hardlyB.casuallyC.absolutelyD.eventually51.A.devotionB.donationC.connectionD.reaction52.A.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorous53.A.promiseB.appreciationC.adviceD.guidance54.A.troublesB.signalsC.rulesD.signs55.A.correctedB.supportedC.amazedD.refreshedPracticemakesperfect.BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglish,notChinese,thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpushedthem37.MymombelievedIwouldlearn38Iwasready.Butthe39nevercame.36.A.customB.gamesC.charactersD.language37.A.aheadB.aroundC.alongD.aside38.A.whenB.beforeC.unlessD.until39.A.success