高考英语定语从句中应注意的几个问题

高考复习指导———定语从句中应注意的几个问题一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that所属关系whose，ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.thatthatthatthat先行词是alleverythingnothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.thatthatthatthat先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。Welldone!三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhich在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。注意：如何判断介词Thegirl_____whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepends.1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,______allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.within3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontofThecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_______arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof________waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_______isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_______isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_______Idon’tunderstand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词/代词/数词+of+which/whomWhere引导的定语从句先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用where引导定语从句，where在从句做状语。Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.I’llshowyouthepointwhereyoufailed.注意1若先行词在定语从句做主语，宾语或者表语，用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhich注意2区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.there/here/atthespotWhen引导的定语从句先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，when在从句作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBijing.Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbebusy.注意：即使出现了time,若time在定语从句做主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Isentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhy引导的定语从句先行词是表示原因的名词，用why引导定语从句。why在从句中作状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which\thatwhose引导的定语从句，表示所属关系。Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstithesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose