名词性从句-主语,表语,同位语从句

名词性从句熟读深思1．主语从句定义：主语从句就是指在另一个句子中充当主语的句子。它由连接词that,whether及特殊疑问词连接。(1)Whathewillcomeheretoseeusiscertain.[改错](What→That)(2)Ifheisfreenowisuncertain.[改错](If→Whether)(3)Itdoesn'tmatterhowhecanattendourmeeting.[改错](how→whether/if)熟读深思(4)That2008BeijingOlympicGamesaresuccessfulisknowntoall.(5)It'simportantthatyoushouldfinishyourworkontime.(6)Itishissuggestionthathisson(should)stayathomeatweekends.(7)Itissuggestedthatweshouldmakegooduseoftime.归纳总结1．连词的选用：规则1：that连接从句时，从句为一个句意完整、语气确定的陈述句，而that没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不能省略，如：(1)。规则2：whether连接从句时，从句的句意完整，但是语气不肯定，表示怀疑。它来源于一般疑问句，whether不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换，如：(2)、(3)。归纳总结规则3：特殊疑问词连接从句时，特殊疑问词用来表示询问某种情况。它来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。2．语序：主语从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。3．时态：主句时态为过去时，从句时态为过去的某一时态；主句时态为现在时或将来时，从句时态视具体情况而定。特别提醒：双重疑问句中，主句用疑问语序，而宾语从句总是用陈述语序，即：主谓语序，如：(5)。【注意】What'swrong(withsb./sth.)?What'sthematter(withsb./sth.)?Whathashappened?以上句子中，特殊疑问词就是句子的主语，所以在宾语从句中的语序无需变化。归纳总结表语从句熟读深思3.表语从句定义：在另一个句子中充当表语的句子被称为表语从句。(1)MydreamisIwillhavemyowncompany.[改错](is∧I→that)(2)Theproblemisifwecangetthereontime.[改错](if→whether)归纳总结2．语序表语从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。3．时态主句时态为过去时，从句时态为过去的某一时态；主句时态为现在时或将来时，从句时态视具体情况而定。表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有：1：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2:feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3:stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall5:prove,turnout系动词的固定搭配:cometrue,fallasleep,fallill,gobad,comeright,runwild归纳总结4．常见的句型(1)Itlooks/seemsasif…好像……；仿佛……(2)Thisisbecause…这是因为……(3)Thereasonwhy…isthat………的原因是……(4)Thatiswhy…那是因为……(5)Thequestion/problemiswhether/when/where…问题是……(6)Hisdream/suggestion/aim/purposeisthat…他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……because，why引导的表语从句。That'sbecausehedidn'tunderstandme.（That‘sbecause…强调原因）That'swhyhedidn’tunderstandme.（That'swhy…强调结果）填空:Thereasonwhywedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导。句型结构为：Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….Thereasonisthat……why名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，或表示看法，观点的名词，如：fact,truth,idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。如：1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoinformedagainstherhusband.3.Myopinionisthatweshoulddiscussitwiththem.Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）startearlytomorrow.Theirplanisthattheyshouldbuildanewfactoryintheirhometown.Thedemandisthatthecomposition(should)bewrittenononesideonly.Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令、请求、要求含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，request,plan，idea等。如：注意：在asif,asthough等引导表语从句中,表示与事实相一致时,要用陈述语气。如：Itlooksasifwe’llbelate.看起来我们似乎要迟到了。Thismeattastesasifithasalreadygonebad.这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when5.Thereason____Ihavetogois_____mymotherisillinbed．A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because6.Airistous____wateristofish．A.isthatB.whatC.whichD.that7.---Dad,canyougivemesomeadvice?---Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s_____thebestjobsare.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why8.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---Oh,that’s______.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited9.Youaresayingthatourteacherstreateveryoneequally,andthisis_______Idisagree.A.howB.whatC.whereD.why10.Thatis______mygrandfatherwasbornandgrewup.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace11.—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.--Isthat____________youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where12.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.That;whatB.What;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that13.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why14.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_______itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.（06上海）A.howB.whyC.thatD.when同位语从句熟读深思4.同位语从句定义：解释说明另一个句子中某一个抽象名词的句子叫同位语从句。常见的抽象名词有：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise,word等。(1)Hissuggestionwhatwebetherewaitingforthemisreasonable.[改错](what→that)(2)Heaskedherthequestioniftheycanbefriends.[改错](if→whether)(3)Hedidn'tanswerthequestionwhenwewouldgotothemuseum.(4)Heshowedushiswayhowheworkedoutthatproblem.e.g.1.Thetexttellsusafactthatsmokingdoesgreatharmtopeople’shealth.2.Ihavenoideathathehasalreadygoneabroad/whenhewillbeback/whobrokethewindow/whyshewenthome.3.Ihavenodoubt/Thereisnodoubtthathewillsucceed.4.Ihavesomedoubt/Thereissomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.5.ThebeliefthatallroadsleadtoRomeissharedbymanypeople.6.Thepossibilitythatpeoplewouldhavetowalktothefarmwasmentioned.7.Hecan’tanswerthequestionhowhegotthemoney.8.Wedon’tunderstandtheproblemwhythisisthebestchoice.9.TomgotamessagefromMrSmiththattherewouldbeatestsoon.10.WordcamethatChinalauncheditsfirstmannedspaceshiponOct.15,2003.11.Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedooropenwhenshelefthome.五、语气：在suggestion;advice;order;request等表示“建议命令；要求”等词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词常用“（should）+动词原形”虚拟结