2013年九年级英语课件 Halloween (万圣节)

ShiqiMiddleSchoolLiGuojunBoysandgirlsofeveryageWouldn'tyouliketoseesomethingstrange?ComewithusandyouwillseeThis,ourtownofHalloweenThisisHalloween,thisisHalloweenPumpkinsscreaminthedeadofnightThisisHalloween,everybodymakeasceneTrickortreattilltheneighborsgonnadieoffrightIt'sourtown,everybodyscreamInthistownofHalloweenHalloweenHalloweenisaholidaycelebratedonOctoberthethirty-firsteveryyear.万圣节前夕AllSaints’DayItisabigfestivalinwesterncountries.ItfallsonNovemberthefirsteveryyear.万圣节SymbolsofHalloweenModerndayHalloweencelebrationsusemanysymbols(象征/标志)tohelpmaketheholidaymorefestive.Becausebatsonlyflyatnightandliveintombs,caves,andabandonedchurchesandbuildings,theyarebelievedtobeomensofevil.Theyarecommonlyassociatedwithwitchesandvampires.因为蝙蝠只在夜间飞行，它们住在坟墓，洞穴和废弃的教堂或建筑物中。蝙蝠常令人联想到女巫或吸血鬼。Witchesandbroomsticksgohandinhand.Theyhavebeenassociatedforcenturies.Often,witchesaredepictedridingthemacrossthenightskywithablackcatononeend.ItisbelievedthatbecauseHalloweenoccurredduringtherainyseason,womenusedtheirbroomstickstovaultoverlargepuddlesandtosweepwateroutoftheirpathswhilewalking.Thus,thetwobecameassociated.女巫和掃把形影不離已有幾世紀之久，通常女巫會騎著掃把在夜晚飛行，而她們的同伴黑貓會坐在掃把的另一端陪著她們飛行．會什麼女巫會和掃把形影不離呢？因為在萬聖節那天，通常會下著雨，而女巫們需要用掃把掃掉地上的大水坑，或地上的積水以便行走。SuperstitionssuggestthatowlsatethesoulsofthedyingbyswoopingtoEarth.Owlsscreechesandtheirglassystareareanomenofdeathanddisaster.Theowlisrarelyseenduringthedayandisassociatedwithnightbehaviors.傳說中，貓頭鷹會從天空俯衝下來吃掉人的靈魂。貓頭鷹的叫聲和眼神讓人聯想到死亡和災難。再者，貓頭鷹很少在白天出現，也都讓人不得不認為他們是屬於黑暗和恐怖。Cats,forcenturies,havebeenconsideredtobespiritualanimalsthathavetheabilitytosensegoodandbadspirits.Westernsuperstitionsdetailthatblackcatsareabletorepresentspiritsorincarnatedhumans,therebylinkingthemtowitchcraft.Blackisalsothecolormostcommonlyassociatedwithevil.從幾世紀前，人們就認為貓是一種有靈性的動物，它們能感應到好或壞的靈魂。西方的傳說裡，有一種說法，黑貓是靈魂的化身。此外，黑色也是邪惡象徵。Ghostsareuniversalsymbolsforthedeparted.Skeletonsandbonesaresymbolsofdeathandshortnessoflife.SinceHalloween’soriginslieasthefestivalofthedead,itseemsonlyfittingthatghostsandskeletonswouldbeused.鬼魂是公认的死亡象征﹔骷髅象征死亡和短暂的生命。既然万圣节一开始就是一个鬼节，当然鬼魂和骷髅就理所当然成了万圣节必见的东西。Whilemanyculturesfeelthatthespiderandwebrepresenttheweavingoflife,inreferencetoHalloween,theyrepresentdark,spookyplacesandhauntedhouseslongforgotten.很多文化都视蜘蛛和蜘蛛网为编织生命的象征，但在万圣节，他们却象征着黑暗，恐怖的地方或长久被遗忘的鬼屋。OtherSymbolsscarecrowvampireOtherSymbolswerewolfzombieOtherSymbolsmaskhauntedhouseTraditionsofHalloweenManyofthetraditionsassociatedwithHalloweencanbetracedbacktotheancientfestivalsofSamhainandHallowmas.Traditionsincludecostuming,trick-or-treating,bobbingforapples,pumpkincarving,andthelightingofbonfires.许多关于Halloween(万圣节)习俗，包括变装打扮，不给糖就捣蛋的游戏，咬苹果的游戏，刻南瓜灯笼，和点燃大营火等习俗，都可以追溯到凯尔特人Samhain节，或是Hallowmas这些节日。CostumeswerewornbytheCeltsforSamhainandtheChristiansforAllHallows’Eveasadisguisetoconfuseorscareawaythespirits/ghoststheybelievedwerefreelyroamingtheEarthfrompossessingtheirsouls.Today,althoughwenolongerbelievethatspiritsareflyingfreely,modernizedcostumesarewornatHalloweenbychildrengoingtrick-or-treatingandbyadultsseekingfunandamusement.过去，变装打扮是为了让鬼魂们搞不清楚，免得惹祸上身。现在，虽然人们不再相信鬼魂们会在阳间跑来跑去，但是小孩子还是会装扮自己到处玩不给糖就捣蛋的游戏﹔而大人则是觉得装扮自己有趣又好玩。ThemoderndaycustomofTrick-or-Treatingoriginatedfromtheveryoldcustomof“Going-a-souling”orbeggingforsoulcakes.Soulcakeswerebakedgoodsofferedtosoulsofthedeparted.TheChristianChurchencouragedthepracticeoftheneedygoingfromhometohomegatheringfood(Going-a-souling)atHarvesttime.Prayersfortherecentlydeceasedfromtheneedywereexchangedwiththegivingfamily.不给糖就捣蛋的游戏起源于要灵魂饼干的习俗，所谓的灵魂饼干就是将烤好的饼干祭祀过世的人。后来，基督教会鼓励贫穷的人在收获的季节里挨家挨户地乞求食物，若是得到食物，这些穷人就会帮这家庭中过世的人祈祷以谢谢他们。Carvedpumpkinsaretraditionallyknownas“Jack-o-lanterns.”Traditionally,thejack-o-lanternwascarvedfromaturnip,potato,orbeetandlitwithaburningcandle.Theselanternsrepresentedthesoulsofdepartedlovedonesandwereplacedinwindowsorsetonporchestowelcomethedeceased.TheyalsoservedasprotectionfromevilspiritsfreedfromthedeadonHalloweennight.InNorthAmerica,turnips,potatoes,andbeetswerenotasreadilyavailable,sothepumpkinwasusedandfoundtobeasuitablereplacement.众人皆知的杰克番瓜灯是刻在番瓜上，但人们一开始是在萝卜，马铃薯或甜菜上刻灯笼，然后挖空并点燃蜡烛在里面，形成灯笼。这些灯笼代表着过世的亲友，并被放置在窗边或门廊上，以欢迎他们回来。他们也被视为可趋魔避邪的象征。在北美洲，萝卜，马铃薯和甜菜很罕见，因此常见的番瓜就成了非常适合的代替品。Jack-o-lanternsPeoplehavebeenmakingJack-o-lanternsatHalloweenforcenturies.ThepracticeoriginatedfromanIrishmythaboutamanknownas“StingyJack.”StingyJackonedayinvitedtheDeviltohaveadrinkwithhim.Notwantingtopayforthedrink,hetrickedtheDevilintoturninghimselfintoacoin,andthenputtheDevilintohispocketnexttoacrossthatpreventedtheDevilfromchangingbackintohisoriginalform.JackfreedtheDevilaftertheDevilpromisednottobotherJackor,shouldhedie,claimhissoul.万圣节刻杰克南瓜灯的习俗已经有几世纪的历史了。为什么要取名为杰克呢？在爱尔兰人的传说中有个有名的小气杰克。有一天小气杰克请魔鬼喝酒，喝完后，小气杰克却小气地不想付钱，所以他就骗魔鬼，要魔鬼把自己变成一枚硬币，魔鬼变成硬币后，小气杰克迅速地把硬币放在口袋里，和十字架放在一起，以防魔鬼变回原形。之后，魔鬼对小气杰克发誓，他绝对不会对小气杰克报仇，也保证杰克死了也不会让他下地狱。这时，小气杰克才让魔鬼变回原形。Eventually,whenJackdiddie,GodwouldnottakehimintoHeaven,andtheDevil,whohadpromisednottoclaimJack’ssoul,couldnottakehimintoHell.Thus,theDevilsentJack’sspiritintothenightwithonlyaburningcandletolighthisway.Jack