经济学名词解释-英文版

一次，他在核实数据时，认为部分数据需要重新测量，但项目部的车都被派出去了。belimitedtonomorethan2daysofwork,materialdepositedinspecialinsulatedcontainers,materialhandlingtogentlyandmakeuseofthermalinsulationmaterialinwindproof,waterproof,moisture-proofmeasure.6.2thermaldesignoptimizationforhigh-temperaturespecialthermalinsulationforpipingsupportandhangerdesign,reducedheatdissipationofthehangers,ensurethatthewalldoesnotoverheat.Small-diameterpiping,thermalinstrumentlayoutandpositioningofsupportandhangerdesigntakefullyintoaccounttheexpansionspaceandinsulationthickness.Large-diameterpipesafterheatpreservationplasteringconstructionofvalves,turbine,checkingsmoothsurface,hightemperaturepowderpaintfullydryafter.Protectivecoveringsforelectricequipmentinsulationboardsdesignedwithpressureplate,whenorderingaccordingtotheinstallationdiagram,modelspecificationspublishingorder,ensurewheninstallingcornersneat,uniformappearance,reducetheamountofon-sitemachining.Beforevalves,flangeinsulationshellconstruction,besuretomakeaunifiedmodel,allvalves,flanges,insulationcoverunified,tidyandbeautiful.Whenfourpartssuchaspipes,boilerinsulation,mustdofirstarticleinspection,proofofdesignandconstructionmethods,technologycanmeetthetechnologicalrequirements,beforeextensiveconstruction.Boilersteelbeams,dooropeningboxesdesignedwithinsulationgaskets,flangecannotbeoblique,evenfastened.Backintotheslopeofthetubingduringinstallationpayattentiontothepiping,oilstationisalowpoint.Refuelingmustbecontrolledwhencastingmaterialparts,selectlowthermalconductivitymaterialsasfaraspossible,ensurethatthesepartsdonotoverheat.6.3qualitydefectsofinsulationtechnologymanagementoptimizationofconstructionprocessanddevelopareasonableduration,regionaltransferofstrictlyHowpeoplemakedecisions:1.peoplefacetradeoffs2.Thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit3.Rationalpeoplethinkatthemargin4.PeoplerespondtoincentivesHowpeopleinteract:5.tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff6.Marketsareusuallyagoodwaytoorganizeeconomicactivity7.GovernmentcansometimesimprovemarketoutcomesHowtheeconomyas8.Acountry’sstandardoflivingdependsonitsabilitytoproduceAwholeworks:goodsandservices9.Pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney10.Societyfacesashort-runtradeoffbetweeninflationandunemploymentKeyconcepts:Ability-to-payprinciple（税收的）能力支付原则:TheideathattaxesshouldbeleviedonapersonaccordingtohowwellthatpersoncanshouldertheburdenAbsoluteadvantage绝对优势:ThecomparisonamongproducersofagoodaccordingtotheirproductivityAccountingprofit会计利润:TotalrevenueminustotalexplicitcostAdverseselection逆向选择:ThetendencyforthemixofunobservedattributestobecomeundesirablefromthestandpointofanuninformedpartyAgent代理人:Apersonwhoisperforminganactforanotherperson,calledtheprincipalAggregate-demandcurve:acurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthathouseholds,firms,andthegovernmentwanttobuyateachpricelevelAggregaterisk:riskthataffectsalleconomicactorsatonceAggregate-supplycurve:acurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthatfirmschoosetoproduceandsellateachpricelevelAppreciation:anincreaseinthevalueofacurrencyasmeasuredbytheamountofforeigncurrencyitcanbuyArrow’simpossibilitytheorem阿罗不可能定理:Amathematicalresultshowingthat,undercertainassumedconditions,thereisnoschemeforaggregatingindividualpreferencesintoavalidsetofsocialpreferences一次，他在核实数据时，认为部分数据需要重新测量，但项目部的车都被派出去了。belimitedtonomorethan2daysofwork,materialdepositedinspecialinsulatedcontainers,materialhandlingtogentlyandmakeuseofthermalinsulationmaterialinwindproof,waterproof,moisture-proofmeasure.6.2thermaldesignoptimizationforhigh-temperaturespecialthermalinsulationforpipingsupportandhangerdesign,reducedheatdissipationofthehangers,ensurethatthewalldoesnotoverheat.Small-diameterpiping,thermalinstrumentlayoutandpositioningofsupportandhangerdesigntakefullyintoaccounttheexpansionspaceandinsulationthickness.Large-diameterpipesafterheatpreservationplasteringconstructionofvalves,turbine,checkingsmoothsurface,hightemperaturepowderpaintfullydryafter.Protectivecoveringsforelectricequipmentinsulationboardsdesignedwithpressureplate,whenorderingaccordingtotheinstallationdiagram,modelspecificationspublishingorder,ensurewheninstallingcornersneat,uniformappearance,reducetheamountofon-sitemachining.Beforevalves,flangeinsulationshellconstruction,besuretomakeaunifiedmodel,allvalves,flanges,insulationcoverunified,tidyandbeautiful.Whenfourpartssuchaspipes,boilerinsulation,mustdofirstarticleinspection,proofofdesignandconstructionmethods,technologycanmeetthetechnologicalrequirements,beforeextensiveconstruction.Boilersteelbeams,dooropeningboxesdesignedwithinsulationgaskets,flangecannotbeoblique,evenfastened.Backintotheslopeofthetubingduringinstallationpayattentiontothepiping,oilstationisalowpoint.Refuelingmustbecontrolledwhencastingmaterialparts,selectlowthermalconductivitymaterialsasfaraspossible,ensurethatthesepartsdonotoverheat.6.3qualitydefectsofinsulationtechnologymanagementoptimizationofconstructionprocessanddevelopareasonableduration,regionaltransferofstrictlyAveragefixedcost平均固定成本:FixedcostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragerevenue平均收益