Unit4_earthquake_language_points2

1.升升降降2.难闻的气味3.从裂缝里冒出4.紧张得吃不下5.水管6.对…不以为然7.照常8.爆裂开来9.睡着asmellygascomeoutofthecrackstoonervoustoeatwaterpipesthinklittleofasusualriseandfallfallasleep/beasleepcrackandburst10.全国三分之一11.严重受损的12.受伤13.吹走，刮走14.无法安全行驶15.煤矿onethirdofthenationinruinsbe/getinjuredblowawaybenotsafefortravelingcoalmines16.被震惊17.下午晚些时候18.救援人员19.被困在废墟下面20.掘出21.埋葬死者beshockedlaterthatafternoontherescueworkersbetrappedundertheruinsdigoutburythedead1.Rightaway立刻、马上表示“立刻，马上”的词immediately,instantlyrightnow,atonce,inaminute,innotimestraightaway,withoutdelayrise(rose,risen)升起,上升,上涨,站起,起床thesun/waterlevel/temperature/pricerisesraise(raised,raised)vt.举起,使升起,提高,提出，饲养，养育,筹集raiseaquestion/ananimal/ababy/one’svoice2Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.（vi,不带宾语，不用于被动语态）（vt,带宾语，可用于被动语态）1)Everyoneknowsthesun_______intheeast.2)Thepeople’slivingstandardhasgreatlybeen_______.3)Hertemperatureisstill__________.4)Herjobis_______chickens.5)Thepriceofbreadhas__________.Filltheblankswith“rise,raise”risesraisedrisingraisingrisen3.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.Burst:vi.爆炸，爆发；突然闯入n.突发，爆发burstinto+n突然怎么了burstoutdoing突然怎么了burstintotears=burstoutcrying突然哭起来burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing突然笑起来burstin/into…闯进，突然破门而入……Astrangeropenedthedoorandburstintothehouse.即学即练：(1)Whenhewasriding,thetyre______(burst).(2)She_____________________.（突然大哭起来）(3)He________________________（闯进了房子）withoutknocking.burstintotearsburstoutcryingburstintothehouseburstburstout爆发burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支4.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!beatanend结束cometoanend结束put/bringsth.toanend结束某事翻译：（1）战争结束了。Thewarwasatanend.Thewarcametoanend.（2）他们结束了战争。Theyputthewartoanend.词语辨析：atanendattheendofbytheendofintheend结束在……的尽头/末尾到……末为止，一般与过去完成时/将来完成时连用最后，终于；不与of连用5.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.asif好像；似乎Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Hewasshakingwithfrightasifhehadseenaghost.☺asif从句用虚拟语气当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形•Heactsasifheknewme.•他表现得像认识我似的。•TheytreatmeasthoughIwereastranger.•他们待我如陌生人。•Hetalksasifhehadbeenabroad.•他说起话来好像曾经出过国。6.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明说谎lieliedliedlying不及物动词躺;位于lielaylainlying不及物动词放置;产蛋laylaidlaidlaying及物动词e.g.Tina___underthetree___tohermotherthatacock____eggs.•A.lying;lied;layB.lain;lied;laid•C.lying;lied;laidD.lain;lied;lay①damagev./n.指部分“损坏”、“损害”或指使用价值有所降低，可修复。②destroyv.指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解③ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是在一定的过程中逐渐被毁掉。对物体或者身体的破坏。v.“使毁灭”、“使崩溃”n.（常作复数）废墟，遗址inruins夷为废墟，破败不堪7Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.ruinn.废墟；遗迹；毁灭Weseetheruinsofthetemple.476ADsawtheruinofRomanEmpire.ruinv.毁灭；破坏Theheavyrainruinedourholiday.Thestormruinedthecrops.inruins成废墟，严重毁坏in在这里的意思是“处于…中”,Anearthquakeleftthewholecityinruins.辨析：:injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤.hurt受伤的一般用语,常指身体和心灵的伤害,也可指身体的受伤或疼痛.wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤.harm“伤害，损害”，主要用于有生命的东西，常指伤及一个人或其健康，权利，事业等8Two-thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.1)Smokingseriously______hishealth.2)Hiswords_____myfeelings.3)Whereisthe________soldier?4)luckily,heonly________hislegintheaccident.harmedhurtwoundedinjured9.Manychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.simile明喻leave作使役动词时,表“使…...处于某种状态中leavesb.+形/副/todo/介词短语/doing现在分词形式/done过去分词形式You’dbetterleavemealone.Sheleftmewaitingintherainforanhour.Iwentoutandleftthedoorunlocked.Theearthquakeleftthecityinruins.Leavehimtodoithimself.10.Peoplewereshocked.shockv&n使震惊，震惊，打击beshockedat/by(doing)sthbeshockedtodosth.(be)ashocktosbWeareallshockedatthenewsofhisdeathWewereallshockedtohearthathehadresigned.Thenewsofhisdeathisagreatshocktous.11.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.rescuen.＆vt.援救；营救Therescueworklastedthreedays.Thelifeboatwassentouttorescuethesailorsfromthesinkingship.go/cometoone’srescue去/来援救某人Trap阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。1)Theelevatorbrokedownandweweretrappedinside(it).2)Theirkindnesswasdesignedtotrapmeintogivinginformation.3)Ifwe’relucky,thethiefwillfallrightintoourtrap.4)Tobreakoutofthetraptheyneedhelpfromthegovernment.v.使陷入困境n.陷阱n.困境trapsb.intodoingsth.使中计；使陷入圈套,诱使[即学即练]根据括号内的提示完成句子。1.Iknewperfectlywell_____________(这是一个陷阱).2.Bycleverquestioning,they______________(诱使他)makinganagreement.itwasatraptrappedhiminto12Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。all...not…=notall…一些，但不是全部/并非所有的(not)与all(≥3)，both(2)，every,everything,everybody连用是部分否定Notbothofthemsmoke.Bothofthemdon’tsmoke.如果要表示全部否定，要分别用none(≥3),neither(2),no,nothing,nobody.Allofthemarenotright.Noneofthemareright.Noteveryboylikesfootball.Noboysinthatarealikefootball.并非他们所有人都是错的。他们所有人都是错的。不是所有男孩子都喜欢足球。那个地区的男孩子都不喜欢足球。13.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoaretrappedandtoburythedead.军队组成救援队挖掘那些受困的人们并埋葬死者。digout掘出;发现todiginformationoutofbooks从书本挖掘知识todigouttruth寻求真理buryvt.(1)埋葬eg:Hewasburiedwithhiswife.(2)掩埋隐藏,Ourdogburiesitsbonesinthegarden.Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandcried.她双手掩面哭了起来.(3)短语:buryoneselfinsth埋头于某事物,专心致志于某事buryoneselfin=beburiedinHeburiedhimselfinlearninggeography.