S7-300 PLC中FB41 PID算法程序设计毕业设计

南阳理工学院本科生毕业设计（论文）S7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计TheDesignOfFB41PIDAlgorithmProgramInS7-300PLC总计：63页表格：5个插图：44幅南阳理工学院本科毕业设计（论文）S7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计TheDesignOfFB41PIDAlgorithmProgramInS7-300PLC学院（系）：电子与电气工程学院专业：电气工程及其自动化学生姓名：学号：097108065指导教师（职称）：）评阅教师：完成日期：南阳理工学院NanyangInstituteofTechnologyS7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计IS7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计电气工程及其自动化[摘要]在西门子S7-300PLC控制系统中，由于FB41PID模块算法程序不公开，给学习者和使用者带来困难。本设计仿照西门子S7-300PLC中FB41标准PID模块的功能和形式，使用梯形图语言自主编写能够实现同样功能的PID算法。本算法为数字PID位置型控制算法，包括偏差死区处理、梯形积分、微分延迟等工程PID技术。分别用自主设计的PID算法和原FB41PID算法对模拟工业对象的锅炉水温(一阶积分对象、一阶惯性对象)、液位（一阶惯性对象、二阶惯性对象）、流量和压力进行控制。对比监控结果显示，自主设计的PID控制算法与原FB41算法的控制结果接近，自适应能力比较强，而且超调量较小。由于算法源程序中加入了详细的注解和算法说明，给我的学弟学妹们学习自动化技术留下了一份技术资料。它能够对一二阶大小惯性对象进行良好的控制，可以替换FB41使用。[关键词]算法；FB41(梯形图)；对比；仿FB41PID；TheDesignOfFB41PIDAlgorithmProgramInS7-300PLCElectricalEngineeringandAutomationSpecialtyHUANGJun-hong[Abstract:]InSiemensS7-300PLCcontrolsystem,itisdifficultforlearnsanduserstolearnanduseitinthattheFB41PIDalgorithmmodulesprogramdoesnotopentothepublic.ModeledonthefunctionandformofFB41standardPIDmoduleofSiemensS7-300,thisdesignwhichapplystheladderdiagramlanguagecanachieveanPIDalgorithmwithsamefunctionbyprogramingindependently.ThisalgrorithmisthedigitalPIDpositioncontrolalgorithm,includingdeviationdeadzoneprocessing,trapezoidalintegral，delaydifferential,andotherengineeringPIDtechnology.TheindependentdesignedPIDalgrorithmandtheoriginalFB41PIDalgrorithmareusedrespectivelytocontrolthewatertemperature(firstorderintegralobjectandfirstorderinertiaobject),liquidlevel(firstorderinertiaobjectandsecondorderinertiaobject),folw,andpressureoftheboilerofthesimulatedindustryobject.Comparedwiththetwoalgorithms,themonitoringresultindicatesthatthecontrolresultsbetweentheindependentdesignedPIDalgrorithmandtheoriginalFB41PIDalgrorithmaresimilar.Besides,theformerisadaptiveandhassmallovershoot.Thesourcealgrorithmprogramhasaddeddetailannotationsandarithmeticexplanations.Hopethisdesignwillhelpotherstolearnautomatics.ItcancontroltheoneandsecondorderinertiawellS7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计IIandreplaceFB41in[Keywords:]Algorithm;FB41（ladderdiagram）;contrast;copyFB41PID;S7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计III目录1引言....................................................................11.1PID控制的发展状况................................................11.2PID算法的发展....................................................21.3课题的意义........................................................22、FB41PID模块分析......................................................32.1FB41的应用........................................................32.2FB41参数数据类型及描述............................................32.3CONT_C的方框图...................................................62.4输入/输出数据类型.................................................62.5FB41输入数据参数处理..............................................62.6控制器输出值的处理.................................................82.7完全重启动........................................................83FB41模块算法分析.......................................................93.1PID控制器在连续控制系统中的表达式.................................93.2死区特性在FB41中的应用...........................................93.3积分部分的近似部分...............................................103.4微分部分的近似部分...............................................103.5PID在FB41中的控制表达式.........................................114仿FB41PID算法程序设计暨FB41（梯形图）设计...........................124.1硬件组态.........................................................124.2PLC中位置式FB41（梯形图）PID算法编写...........................134.3FB41（梯形图）PID算法封装与调用.................................165FB41（梯形图）与原FB41PID模块控制效果对比与分析......................185.1效果验证方法与参数说明...........................................175.2、调节器参数的整定方法............................................175.2.1经验法......................................................185.2.2临界比例度法................................................185.2.3衰减曲线法（阻尼振荡法）....................................195.2.4动态特性参数法..............................................195.2单容锅炉静态水温控制（一阶积分对象）.............................205.3单容水箱水位控制（一阶惯性对象）.................................22S7-300PLC中FB41PID算法程序设计IV5.4恒压供水（一阶小惯性对象）.......................................255.5流量控制（一阶小惯性对象）.......................................285.6锅炉流动水恒温控制（一阶大惯性对象）............................295.6.1实验描述....................................................295.6.2数学模型的建立与PID参数的论证..............................315.7双极性水温控制...................................................335.8双容水箱水位控制（二阶惯性对象）.................................355.8.1实验装置描述................................................355.8.2数学模型建立................................................375.8.3PID参数确定及实验结果......................................385.9程序容量占用及其占用扫描时间对比.................................415.9.1FB41（梯形图）程序容量占用及其占用扫描时间..................415.9.2FB41程序容量占用及其占用扫描时间...........................42结束语...................................................................44参考文献.................................................................48附录.....................................................................46致谢......