新概念英语第三册课文及详解第3课

1/8Lesson3AnUnknownGoddessSometimeago，aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea．AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini．Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh----werebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem，foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets．ThetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.Inthemostsacredroomofthetemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved.Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhip.Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichswepttheground.Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.Languagepoints1,Sometimeago，aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea．*文中用了被动式，强调discovery，体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出英文表达中常用被动语态。在以结果、影响、效果为主语的被动式句子中，强调了对客观事实的陈述。2，AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini．2/8*which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple在这个句子中，which=that;stand=lie\besituated(vt.)\belocated(vt.),因此进行词语替换后，本句可改成：AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich/thatislocated/situatedin...AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich/thatliein...*standv.表示高高坐落于，矗立于e.g.Shestands1.75m.她一米七五。Agreattreestandsonthemount.山上有个大树。（我们也可以用therebe句型来表达中文意思，但是请大家体会下两者的差异。therebe陈述客观事实：那里有什么，而例句则突出树，并且很高，感情色彩一下就不一样了。）3，Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．*for引导原因状语从句，对主句进行附加说明，译作因为对比：because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因。for引导的原因状语从句，突出了主句。这点细微的差别，请大家在写作时注意。e.g.IdoitbecauseIlikeit.我做这件事因为我喜欢。Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.破晓了，因为鸟儿在唱歌。*atonetime:表达曾经，一度；是过去时态的标志3/8*musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测*enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明很好用的句子，请大家在写作,翻译和口语中尤其注意。4，Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．*with...作为所有物、属性或特点具有：e.g.ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders一个宽肩膀的青年anoldladywithblackhair一个黑发老妇人*beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语e.g.abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士adesertedcarpark废弃的停车场awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的门区别：过去分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间是：被动关系现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主动关系aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroom5,Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem，foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets．*beequippedwith配备，装备*for引导原因状语从句4/8*beneaththenarrowstreets对比：beneath\under\below(1)prep.beneath=under正下方e.g.Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.他站在雨伞下面。(2)under还有在进行中的意思e.g.undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion讨论之中；underrepairs修理之中(3)below:在下方，强调斜下方e.g.Sheissittingbelowthewindow.6,ThetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.*beusedas/beusedtobe把...用作为e.g.Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.5/87,Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.*representvt.代表e.g.Irepresentalltheclassmates.8,ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.*dating现在分词，修饰remainse.g.thecustomsdatingfrom1990*datefrom追溯到，从...开始datefrom＝datebacktoe.g.Thecastledatesfrom/datesbacktothe14thcentury.9，Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof...*happento强调事情偶然发生e.g.Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰好开过这种车。Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。句式：Ithappensthat......e.g.IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytoworkIhappenedtomeetheronmywaytoworkhappenon巧遇，偶然发现,偶遇e.g.Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthedrawer.6/8Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?10,Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.*reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore修复，重组*amazd:对比：surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶的，语气递增surprised;astonished:muchsurprised;amazed:verymuchsurprised;astounded非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇*tofind.../todiscover.../torealize...e.g.I'mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere.在这见到你不奇怪。*turnout表明结果（1)turnout(tobe)+n./adj.结果是...e.g.Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccess.（2）Itturnedoutthat............原来是(表示结果)that从句，或其他名词从句，it作形式主语e.g.Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.(3)asitturnsout人们后来发现7/8e.g.Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人们后来发现,这篇报告被弄错了。11,Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.*reston=dependon,leanone.g.Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.他的手轻轻搭在我的肩上。12,Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.*despite/inspiteof+n./动名词*sofar,uptonow都是完成时的标志,到目前为止e.g.Uptonow,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.*discoverheridentity:findoutherid