大学英语4 unit1词汇

•寒冷天气会对我们的头脑和身体产生很大影响。可能这就是许多短语使用cold这个单词的原因。今天我们来学习几个与“cold”相关的短语。•1.cold-blooded冷血的；冷酷的•例句：Therealworldissodifferentfromwhatitisinmyimagination.Butitissurelyarealworld,acold-bloodedworld.•这个真实的世界与我所想的是那么的不同，但它的确是一个真真实实的世界，一个冷漠的世界。•2.togetcoldfeet临阵退缩•例句：Shewastogetmarriedlastmonthbutshegotcoldfeet.•她本应该上个月结婚的，但她又打了退堂鼓。3.coldshoulder冷遇；冷淡对待例句：HenrygotthecoldshoulderwhenheaskedtohaveadatewithMary.当亨利要求和玛丽约会时，玛丽对他不予理睬。4.coldfish冷酷无情的人例句：Heisacoldfish,noonewantstomakefriendswithhim.他是一个冷漠的人，没人想和他交朋友。•5.cold-hearted无情的；冷淡的•例句：Sheisacold-heartedpersonwhodoesnotreallycareaboutyoursituation.•她是个冷心肠的人，对你的处境并不是真的关心。•6.outinthecold被冷落，遭排斥•例句：EverytimeIseeyou,youleavemeoutinthecold.•每次我见到你，你都不理我Comprehensionquestions•PartI:•Whatimpressedyoumost(structure)inthispart?•ParallelstructurePartII•WhatkindofmeasuresdidtheRussianstookagainstNapoleon'sinvasion?•WhathappenedtoNapoleon'stroopwhenitwasretreatingfromMoscow?•Whydidn’tRussianpeopledefendtheirhomelandinthefaceofNapoleon'soffensive?PartIII•WhattacticsdidHitleruseinhisinvasionoftheSovietUnion?•WhatmeasuredidSovietleaderStalintake?•WhatwasthesignificanceofthebattleoftheStalingrad?PartIV•CanyousummarizethesimilaractionsthatRussian/SovietUnionpeoplehavetaken?•Retreat----flee-----destroy---leftabarelandtotheenemy----counterattack•Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthetwocampaigns?raw•Rawdata/statistics•Rawmeat•Rawmaterial/silk/wood•Rawreporter/member•Rawmorning/winterdaylaunch•Launchaspaceship/missile/satellite•OnOctober4th,1957,sovietscientistslaunchedtheworld’sfirstartificialsatellitecalledsputnik.•Launchattack/campaign•Thiscomputercompanylaunchedanewmodelthisyear.•Launchinto:•Helaunchedintoalongspeechaboutthedangeroftakingdrugs.•Launchoutat/lashoutat•campaign,battle&war•这三个词都是名词，均含有“战斗，战争”之意•battle强调指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。•war是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争1.Many________criminalswereproceededagainstfollowingWorldWarII.2.TheAmericanpresidential_________lastsforeighteenmonths.3.Itwasadecisive_________—wewonthe___________becauseofit.4.ThePhilippineshadsufferedgrievouslyundertheJapaneseoccupation.Ahighlyeffectiveguerillacontrolledsixtypercentoftheislands,mostlyJungleandmountainareas.engage•Theyengagetheenemy.•Ialwaystrytoengageeveryofyouinconversation.•Ihavenotimetoengageintheseactivities.•Theactivitiesofthestudentunionengagemostofhistime.•JackisengagedtoRose.faceBefacedwithWewerefacedwithanexceptionallydifficultsituation.faceupto:Shemustfaceuptothefactthatsheisnolongeryoung.•Afairfacemayhideafoulheart.•Agoodfaceisaletterofrecommendation.press•Pressahead/forward/onwith:continueinadeterminedwayChinaispressingaheadwiththereformplan.Wemustpressonwiththeprojectwithoutwastingtime.•Pressfor:makerepeatedrequestThestudentsarepressingformorechancesforspeakingandlistening.•render:vt.cause(sb./sth.)tobeinaspecifiedcondition•Thedrugwillrenderthetigerharmlessforuptotwohours•Hewasrenderedunconsciousbyablowonthebackof•theneck.•地震导致成百上千的人无家可归。•Hundredsofpeoplewererenderedhomeless•bytheearthquake.•Collocation:•renderinto译成(某种语言)•renderup做(祷告);放弃,交出•Atlast,thecitizenswereforcedtorenderuptheirtown.•renderblowforblow以牙还牙•rendergoodforevil以德报怨offensive•N.•TheRedArmyledamassivemilitaryoffensive.•Thegovernmentisontheoffensiveinthefightagainstdrugs.•Adj.•Thereisanoffensivesmellintheroom.•PeoplemayfindoffensivelanguageinsomeTVprograms•Offensiveweapon•launch/mountanoffensive•carryout/undertakeanoffensive•ontheoffensive处于攻势•assume/goon/goover/taketheoffensive进攻，采取攻势•Offend•I’llbeoffendedifyou…•Offence•Imeannooffence•Criminal/light/first/capitaloffence•Offender•Offense(playoffense)/defenseAppreciablewordsandexpressions•Thedevastatingenemythatmethim•Unequaled•Mowdown•CometotheaidofAppreciablewordsandexpressions•Caughtoffguard•Closeinon•Bringsthtoahalt•TurnthetideagainstAppreciablewordsandexpressions•Beboggeddownby•Takethegambleof(doing)•Pressonto/with•Haveaclearpathto•Emptyvictory•Bideone’stime•Turnedintoanightmare•Astrokeofluck•Atthecostof•Fallinto:Thelecturefallsintothreeparts.Fallintobadhabits•Fallthrough:failTheplanfellthrough.toll•Eachcarmustpayatolltocrossthebridge.•Thedeathtollinthesnowstormraisefrom…to….•ThesnowstormhastakenaheavytollonsouthandeastChina,•Hishardworkhastakenitstollonhisstomach.•Forwhomthebelltolls•BellsweretolledalloverthecountryatthePresident’sdeath.Wordfamily(War)•Artillery(炮兵部队)anti-personnelguncannon•siegeoffensivecampaignassaultbombardments•troopcavalry(骑兵)squadron(中队)armada(舰队)•Battery(炮台)sheltercrater(弹坑)emplacement炮台•war-gameexercise•fishtorpedoDestroyerFleet(舰队)aircraftcarrierWordsrelatedtowinter•Rawbleakbitterseverchillyfrigidnippy,freezingicy•gloomy,dreary,dismal,somber•Snappybriskcool