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(3)通分思考:上述性质可以用式子表示为:CBCABACBCABA(C≠0)其中A,B,C是整式.分式的基本性质:分式的分子与分母同乘(或除以)一个不等于0的整式,分式的值不变.填空:baababaabaa22)(bababbabab2222)2(baabba2()baaba222()分数的通分:和(先取各分母的最小公倍数)1254912512×35×33615499×44×43616思考:联想分数的通分,由上例你能想出如何对分式进行通分吗?a2ba2ba2+aba(a+b)a+bab2a-ba2a2ba2b2ab-b2b(2a-b)a+b通分:利用分式的基本性质,使分子和分母同乘适当的整式,不改变分式的值,把和化成相同分母的分式.ab2a-ba2把分母都变为a2b最简公分母:各分母的所有因式的最高次幂的积练一练:请指出以下各组的最简公分母课本p8练习:2课本p97通分:2432)1(bacbdc与243bac解:最简公分母是4b2d2)1(bdc=2c·4bbd·4bdbbc248=dbacd243==3ac·d4b2·d解:(1)最简公分母是2a2b2c.)1(例通分:ab2ca-b2a2b3与bc2a2b2c32a2b3ab2ca-b2a2b·bc3·bcab2c·2a(a-b)2a2a2b2c2a2-2ab练一练:课本p97(1)(2)解:(2)最简公分母是(x+5)(x-5).5352)2(xxxx与252x2+10x2x)5)(5()5(2xxxx52xx2251532xxx())5)(5(53xxxx53xx解:最简公分母是(x+y)2(x-y)222)(2)2(yxxyxxy与22yxx=2)(2yxxy=)()(2xy(x-y)2x-yyx)()(22222yxyxxyyx=)()(x(x+y)2x-yyx)()(22yxyxxyx=练一练:课本p97(3)(4)观察、思考:53525151525165626331216162633121分式的加减法与分数的加减法实质相同,类比分数的加减法,你能说出分式的加减法法则吗?同分母分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减;异分母分式相加减,先通分,变为同分母的分式再加减。cbacbcabdbcadbdbcbdaddcba例6计算:2222235yxxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxxyx3))((3323522分母不变,分子相加减分母不变,分子去括号合并同类项约分练习:《同步》P13171、2、3、5、6、10。例7计算:解:原式aa-b_b-aa=aa-b+a-ba=a-b2a练一练:《同步》p1317(7)(8)(9)例8计算:qpqp3213212294432323232323232323232qppqpqpqpqpqpqpqpqpqpqp练习:xxx1113121bababa223121cddc22223nmnmnmbabaa1221、2、(1)(2)(1)(2)(3)例9在下图的电路中,已测定CAD支路的电阻是R1欧姆,又知CBD支路的电阻R2比R1大50欧姆,根据电学有关定律可知总电阻R与R1、R2满足关系式,试用含有R1的式子表示总电阻R。21111RRRDCBA解:∵即∴5050250505050111111111111111121RRRRRRRRRRRRRR50250502505050211121111111RRRRRRRRRRR例10计算:4122bbababa2222222222222444444444414bababababbababaababbaababababababbababa练习:1、2、xyyxxyyx22222211111212xxxxxx小结:1、分式加减法法则2、分式混合运算顺序
本文标题:分式的通分和加减法
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