非谓语动词用法大全

Grammar动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但不能作谓语。不定式可以有自己的逻辑主语,即forsb.todosth.1.不定式作主语Tofinishthisreporttookhimaweek.Myjobistohelpthepoorperson.2.不定式作表语Toseeistobelieve.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.想一想!3.不定式作宾语Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.4.不定式作宾补1)带to的不定式作宾补。很多动词如:allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,forbid,advise,persuade,warn等后面作宾补的不定式都带to。如:Hedidn’tallowustosmokeinhishouse.他不允许我们在他的家里吸烟。2)不带to的不定式作宾补。使役动词make,have,let;感官动词see,watch,observe,hear,listento,notice等后面作宾补的不定式不带to。如:Hemadeafaceandmadeeverybodylaugh.他做了一个鬼脸,逗得大家都笑了。如果上述结构变为被动语态,不定式就由原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,此时第2类动词(let,have无被动语态)后原来不带to的不定式要加to。如:Hewasseentogoupstairs.有人看见他上楼去了。Becareful!注意:2.不定式作定语Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthequestion?注意:作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.3.不定式作状语Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.1.Itisgoodtohelpothers.2.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.3.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.Identifyitsfunction.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想4.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)8.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttogivefinancialassistancetodisabledpeople.(adverbial)(adverbial)(objectcomplement)afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,come,consent,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,elect,endeavorThefollowingverbsarenormallyfollowedbytheinfinitive.Remember!expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hesitatehope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promiserefuse,say,seem,tend,threaten,want,wishThefollowingverbsarenormallyfollowedbytheGerund.avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,endure,enjoy,escape,forgive,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,pardon,prevent,resist,suggest,understand,can’thelpRememberthem!ThefollowingverbsarenormallyfollowedbytheGerundortheinfinitive.love,like,hate,prefer,dislike,begin,continue,intend,attempt,propose,want,need,remember,forget,regret,try,deserve,startBeartheminyourmind!动词后面跟动名词还是不定式,含义不相同,总的来说,表示习惯的,一般性的动作多跟动名词,一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。1)Iliketogowithyou.我想和你一块儿去。重点!Ilikereading.我喜欢阅读。Hepromisedtohelpher.他答应过要帮助她。WelovewatchingVCD.我们喜欢看VCD。2)remember,forget,regret后面跟动名词时,动名词表示过去的动作,后面跟不定式时,不定式表示将来的动作。Iremembermeetinghiminthestreet.我记得在街上见过他。Iremembertowritealettertomyparents.我想起来要给我父母亲写信。3)“stop+动名词”表示停止动名词所表示的动作,“stop+不定式”表示停下来做不定式所表示的动作。Stopsmoking,please.请不要抽烟。Let'sstoptohavearest.咱们停下来休息一下吧。4)meantodo打算做某事meandoing意味着……Imeanttocatchupwiththeearlybus.Thismeanswastingalotofmoney.5)trytodo设法尽力做某事trydoing试着做某事Youshouldtrytoovercomeyourshortcomings.Tryworkingoutthephysicsprobleminanotherway.Practice1.Shesaidshe___heruncleverymuchandhoped____him.A.missed,tohearfromB.missed,tohearC.misses,hearingfromD.misses,hearingAUseyourhead!2.______aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.A.TomakeB.madeC.MakingD.Tohavemade3.MrsBrownregretted____hisson.A.beatedB.beatingC.beatD.beatenAB4.Ioftenhearhim___aboutthegreatwriter.A.totalkB.talkC.speakingD.totell5.Missingthelastbusmeans___home.A.towalkB.walkingC.walkedD.walkBB6.Pauldoesn'thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.studyB.tostudyC.studiedD.studying7.Itwasunbelievablethatthefanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust____alookatthesportsstarts.A.hadB.havingC.tohaveD.haveBC8.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim__.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donot9.--Ididn'thearyoucomeinlastnight.--That'sgood.Wetired___noisy.A.nottoB.tobenotC.tobeD.nottobeAD10.--IhearthatyouandFranciswillspendyourvacationinNepalnextspring.--Yes,weareplanning_____.A.toB.tobeC.itD.todoitAHomeworkGooverwordsandexpressions.Gooverthegrammar.FinishEx1onPage49.