英语读音规则

英语读音规则拼读规则by:yljA元音字母在重读音节中的读音•读音音例•a在开音节中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake•在闭音节中[æ]bagdadhatmapblackback•e在开音节中[i:]hethesemeChinese•在闭音节中[e]bedletpendeskyesegg•i在开音节中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite•在闭音节中[i]fishbigdrinksitmilkswim•o在开音节中[əʊ]thoseclosegohoehomeno•在闭音节中[ɒ]clocknotboxshopsock•u在开音节中[ju:]studentexcusedutyTuesday•在闭音节中[ʌ]buscupjumpmuch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:]音，例如：Junebluerulersuper特例：•vaguevoguerangepasteplaguechangestrangetastewasteachewastescytheopaque这些单词中的thngguchstqu都被看作一个整体，都被看作一个辅音字母，其中的元音字母按开音节规则发音。和以上读音现象不同的词有：•tinge[i]many[e]any[e]English[i]pretty[i]源自法语,保留法语发音policeman[i:]machine[i:]fatigue[i:]•下面这两个词保留了古英语的发音live[i]give[i]B元音字母在非重读音节中的读音•读音例词•a[ə]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast•[i]orangecomradevillagecabbage•e[ə]hundredstudentopenweekend•[i]chickenpocketbeginchildren•i[ə]/[i]holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal•[ai]exercisesatellite•o[ə]secondtonightsomebodywelcome•[əʊ]alsozerophoto•u[ə]autumndiffcult•[ju(:)]popularcongratulationJanuary•动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate，u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母jlrs后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：JulyinfluenceFebruaryissueC元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音•a在[w]音后面[ɒ]wantwhatwatchwashquality•a在fnskphspssstth前[α:]afterplantgraphgraspglassfastfather•i在-nd-ld和gh前[ai]findchildlighthigh•o在-st-ld前[əʊ]mostpostcardoldcold•o在mnvth前[ʌ]comemonkeylovemotherD-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音ar[ɑ:]carfarmdarksharpenerar在[w]音后面[ɔ:]warmquartertowards•or[ɔ:]fortymorningshortor在[w]音后面[ɜ:]wordworkerworse•erirur[ɜ:]certainlybirdThursday•辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如：carrysorryhurry•-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ə]音，例如：dollarteacherforgetSaturdayE-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音•are[eə]caredarehare•ere[ɪə]heremere•ire[aɪə]firehirewire•ore[ɔ:]morescorebefore•ure[juə]purecure•areereireore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音，例如：picturepleasure重读元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。例如：parentzerostoryduringinspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orangeveryAmericanparagraph元音字组在重读音节中的读音•ai/ay[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplay•air[eə]airhairchairpairrepair•al[ɔ:]smallballtalkwallall[ɔ:l]alwaysalsosaltalmostal在fm前[ɑ:]halfcalm•au/aw[ɔ:]autumndaughterdraw•ea[i:]teacheasycheapplease[e]heavybreadsweaterweather[ei]breakgreat•ear[iə]heardearnearclearyear[eə]bearpearwearswear[ɜ:]earthlearnearly•ee[i:]jeepweekgreenthree•eer[iə]pioneerdeerbeer•ei/ey[ei]eightneighbourthey•[i:]key•eu/ew[ju:]newfewnewspape在jlrs后[u:]flewbrewjewelry•ie/ei[s]音之后[i:]piecefieldreceive•oa[əʊ]coatJoanboatgoal•oar/oor[ɔ:]roarboarddoorfloor•oi/oy[ɔi]noisepointboytoilet•oo[u:]broomfoodtoothschool[u]booklookcookfootgood•ou/ow[au]flowerhousecountdown[əʊ]knowrowthrowthough[ʌ]youngcountryenough[u:]groupyousoupour[ɔ:]courseyourfour•[auə]ourhourours•[ə:]journey•ui[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuition•[u:]juicefruitsuitF非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音•ai/ayei/ey[i]Sundayforeignmonkey•ow[əʊ]yellowsparrowtomorrow•元音字组在非重读音节中读[i]。neighbourseriousfamousbiscuitcoffee•-sion–tion[ʃən]impressionnation•-sion在元音字母后[ʒən]visiondecisionoccasion•-tion在s后[tʃən]questionsuggestion•-sten[sn]listen•-stle[sl]whistle•-sure[ʒə]pleasuremeasure•-ture[tʃə]picturecultureG元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音•复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday[ei]handbag[æ]blackboard[ɔ:]•有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳+day[ei]日子---Sunday[i]星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子---holiday[i]假日break中断+fast[α:]斋戒---breakfast[ə]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[ɔ:]---cupboard[ə]碗柜H辅字组的读音•b[b]bikebusbag[/]bombtomb•c[k]cakepicturecoatmusic•c在e前或在i/y前[s]facedecidecinema•ch[tʃ]muchchickrichteacher[k]schoolheadachechemistry[ʃ]machineChicago•-ck[k]cockpocketblackknock•d[d]doctorbreadhandday•-dge[dʒ]bridgefridge•dr-[dr]childrendriverdrink•f[f]fivefourbreakfast•g[g]baggardongog在ei/y前[dʒ]orangelargeGerman•gh[f]coughenough[/]lightdaughterhigh•gu--gue[g]guessleaguedialogueguitar[w]languageanguish•h[h]hotheadhousehand[/]hourhonest•j[dʒ]jeepjarjokejoinJuly•k[k]kindbikeskatemakeweek•kn-[n]knifeknowknock•l[l]lifemilkschooltall•m[m]monkeycomeautumn•-mn[m]autumncolumnsolemn•n[n]notshinetennote•n在[k][g]音前[ŋ]unclethankhungry•-ng[ŋ]morningyoungwrong•p[p]paperplanepigshippen•ph[f]elephantphototelephone•q[k]Iraq•qu-[kw]qualityquite•r[r]redrubberruler•s在词首或清辅音前[s]sitsleepdesk•元音字母间或浊辅音前[z]musichusband•sc-[sk]scarlet[s]musclescience•sh[ʃ]shefishshirtwash•t在通常情况下[t]tenlettermeet在弱读字母iaieio前[ʃ]patientnationtch[tʃ]watch•th在通常情况下[θ]thinthirtymethod在冠词代词介词连词中[ð]thethesewiththan在词尾-the-ther中[ð]clothefatherweather•tr-[tr]treetraincountrytruck•v[v]veryvoiceloveleave•w[w]weekwinwakesweetwait•[/]answertwo•wh-[w]whatwhenwhitewhywh-在字母o前[h]whowhosewhole•x[ks]boxtextexercise•在重读元音前[gz]examleexistexac•wr-[r]write•y-[j]yesyardyellowyoung•z[z]puzzlezerozoo