首字母填空答题技巧

1综合填空答题技巧一、题型介绍综合填空，即首字母填空，是近年来天津中考常用题型之一，每空1分，共10分。采用一篇短文，空出十个空，给出首字母提示，让考生根据内容填出所空缺的单词。这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它所考查的内容范围很广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还会涉及其他方面的知识和生活常识等问题。它往往有一定难度，能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。这种试题的首字母已给出，这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。要做好此类题目，考生不但要有较强的语感，而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。二、知识与技能1.积累词汇要掌握好所学的单词和短语及一些固定搭配，并且掌握它们的常用法，这是答题的基础知识储备。你心里没有装着足够的词汇，做起题来就会有困难。2.分析语境很多情况下，你要填的单词与上下文有紧密的联系，这也就是语境。这时一定要分析上下文才能想出来，有可能在上下文还会出现该词或者相关的词，所以你要具有善于分析的能力和一双善于发现的眼睛。3.词性词形我们可以根据上下文及本句判断所要填的单词的词性，这需要我们有一定的语法知识，要懂词法，懂句法，并且会带着空去分析。词性判断准确有利于更快地想出答案，并正确使用单词的各种形式。4.逻辑推理文章总是有一定逻辑的，除了时间、地点、人物等关系，还要学会看出列举、原因、结果、让步、目的、条件等关系。5.翻译技巧翻译是理解和填空的必要条件，尤其是一些复合句和带生词的句子，翻译准确才能促使你想出答案。三、答题技巧1.通读短文第一遍通读，看懂文章大意，同时看你能填上几个词，这取决于你平时的语言理解能力和词汇量。2.细读分析第二遍细读，要翻译，要分析句式，要分析词性，要看上下文。有的根据一句话就可以想出答案，有的要根据上下文才能想出。（1）依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：如：Theyarelforwardtovisitingthefactory.我们知道lookforwardto是“盼望……”的意思，所以答案是l；（2）依据语法知识进行填词：如：Itwasalearlier.从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级，我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词，那此题答案就是l；（3）依据常识的积累进行填词：如：Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.MrWhitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S.”Mr.White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S.”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以填S；（4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtophisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根据句意，Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填p。再如：Manyyearsago,amyfriendDavidworkeddayandnight,hewasstillnotrich.答案是a。3.认真检查检查填写的单词形式和意思是否合理，是否与文章要求相符，有无句型结构及语法错误，比如第三人称单数、过去式等变化及非谓语动词变化、名词单复数等等。如：Theyusedtoplaygamestogetherh.此处应填h，是副词，你要填了形容词happy就只能得0.5分。2练习一OnJuly2,1937,AmeliaEarhart(anAmericanpilot)andFredNoonanleftNewGuineaforHowlandIslandinthePacific.Thiswasthelongestandmostdangerouspartoftheirt1aroundtheworld.Earharthadtroublesoonaftertheplanetookoff.Theweatherwasverybad,soshehadtof2at3,000metres.Goingthishigh,theplaneusedfuelquickly.Afterabout20h3,EarhartandNoonangotclosetoHowlandIsland.Theislandwaso4about65miles(英里)away,butthebrightsunwasshiningintheirfacessotheycouldn’tseeit.NearHowland,ashipwasw5fortheplane.Earhartcontactedtheship:“Wedon’thaveenoughfuel.”shesaid.Theshiptriedtostayintouchwithherb6gotnoanswer.Finally,theshipcalledforhelp.PeoplelookedforEarhartandNoonanfordays.However,theyfoundnothing.WhathappenedtoAmeliaEarhart?Nooneknowsforsure.D7theflight,sheprobablymovedinthewrongdirection(方向)becausethesunwasbrightanditwasd8tosee.Soshegotlost;soonafter,herplaneranoutoffuel,andshediedatsea.Anotherideaisthatshesurvived(幸存)theplanecrash(飞机失事),s9toalonelyisland,andlaterdiedthere.StillothersthinkshesurvivedthecrashandsecretlyreturnedtotheU.S.withanewidentity(身份).Tillnow,noneofthesei10hasbeenproved.Peoplearestillwonderingaboutthem.(Noonan’sbodyhasneverbeenfoundeither.)Nomatterwhathappened,Earhartprobablydiedasshewished.“WhenIgo,”shesaid,“I’dlikebesttogoinmyplane.”练习二Parentssometimeslearnmuchfromtheirchildren.Manyyearsago,a1myfriendDavidworkeddayandnight,hewasstillnotrich.Oneday,whenhearrivedh2afterwork,hefoundhis3-year-olddaughterwasdecoratingaboxwithsomeexpensivewrappingpaper（包装纸）.Hethoughtshewasw3moneyandbecameangrywithher.Heevenp4hisdaughterbybeatingher.However,thelittlegirlbroughttheboxtoherfatherthenextmorningandsaid,“Thisisforyou,Daddy.MerryChristmas!”Hewasembarrassed(尴尬)byhisoverreaction(过激反应),buthebecameangrya5whenhefoundtheboxwasempty.Heshoutedather,“Don’tyouknowthatwhenyougivesomeoneapresent,thereshouldbes6insideit?”Thelittlegirllookedupathimwitht7inhereyesandsaid,“Oh,Daddy.Iblewkissesinthebox.Ifilleditwithmyl8.Allforyou,Daddy.”Thefatherwasverysurprised.Heputhisarmsaroundhislittlegirl,andsaids9toher.Later,Davidtoldmethathekeptthatboxbyhisbedforyears.Whenhewasdiscouraged(情绪低落),hewouldtakeoutanimaginary(想像的)kissfromtheboxandr10theloveofthechild.3练习一travel/tour/tripflyhoursonlywaitingbutDuringdifficultswamideas练习二81.although82.home83.wasting84.punished85.again86.something87.tears88.love89.sorry90.Remember授课环节：环节一板书：鼓励学生想答案1.WWhisWhishelpWhishelp,Icouldn’tfinishitonmyown.答案是Without2.eweallesowealletosowealletowatchit.Hetoldusthatthemoviewasreallyinteresting,sowealletowatchit.答案是expected说明此种题不能孤立看空，而要看全句，甚至上下句，及至全文。那么我们觉得我们要具备怎么的知识和能力才能做好这种题呢？板书：积累词汇、翻译技巧、分析语境、判断词性、逻辑推理环节二板书让学生查找是否有错，并改正。Hewasverysurprisetoseethishappen.SurprisedTheyarelookingforwardtoseetheirnewteacher.seeing45DoyouknowSweden(瑞典)？Itl1inthenorthofEurope．ItisthefourthlargestcountryinEuropewithana2of450,000squarekilometersandthepopulationofabout8.5million.Overonethirdofthemliveinthethreelargestcities,namelyStockholm,GoteborgandMalmo.MorethanhalfofSwedenisc3withtrees.Itisoneofther4countriesintheworld.About100yearsagoSwedenbecameindustrialized(工业化).Todaylessthanonethirdofthepeoplearef5.SwedenisthecountrywherethefamousNobelPrizesareawarded.ManypeoplewhohavebeentoStockholm,thec6ofSweden,musthavevisitedtheplaceswhereNobelPrizesareawarded.ThefirstlanguageofSwedenisSwedish.Englishisthefirstf7languageinschools.Manymiddle-schoolstudentscans8twotothreelanguages.MostoftheSwedishpeople，menandwomen,o9andyoung,canspeakEnglish.Sothereisnop10tospeakwiththeminEnglish．OnedayPeterboughtadoginthepetshop,but