外研社高一英语必修二M5 Module 5 Reading and Vocabulary (Ⅱ)

Module5NewspapersandMagazinesReadingandVocabulary(Ⅱ)1.Mastertheusageofsomenewwords,phrasesandpatterns.2.Learnsomeknowledgeaboutspaceexploration.Learningaims1.MarsandEarthhave_____(轨道)whichchangewithtime.2.Nearlyalloftheyoungpeopleinterviewedbelievedthatworkwasthekeyto_______(成功).3.Wehavereceivedmanylettersof_____________(祝贺).4.Theysaidgoodbyetohimashegot______(上车)thetrainatUnionStation.orbitssuccesscongratulationsaboardLeading-in5.Weeventually________(起飞)at11o’clockandarrivedinVeniceat1:30.6.Shewasthereto_______(欢迎)himhomefromwar.7.Onlythe____________(实现)ofthesegoalswillbringlastingpeace.8.Therentis400yuanamonth,________(包括)waterandelectricity.welcomeachievementincludingtookoff1.successn.[U]成功；胜利;[C]成功的人或事TheBeijingSpaceControlCentresaidtheflightwasa“completesuccess”.北京航空控制中心称这次飞行是一次“彻底的胜利”。She’sproudofherdaughter’ssuccesses.她为女儿的种种成就感到自豪。(2016·全国卷Ⅰ）Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonesty.叔叔告诉我他成功的关键在于诚实。LanguagePoints【知识拓展】（1）succeedvi.成功（通常和in搭配）succeedindoingsth.成功做某事（2）successfuladj.成功的（3）successfullyadv.成功地Thesailorsucceededinescapingfromthesinkingship.那位船员成功地逃离了沉船。Wereyousuccessfulinpersuadinghimtochangehismind?你成功劝说他改变主意了吗？【名师点津】success指具体的人或物时为可数名词，即抽象名词具体化，但作为抽象意义的成功是不可数名词。这类抽象名词具体化的词常见的还有surprise,honor,pity,pleasure等。apity可惜的事情apleasure一件乐事Sheisanhonortotheprofession.她是这一行业的光荣。【即学即练】用定冠词完成句子。Ifyouwanttobe___success,rememberthatfailureisthemotherof_____success.【解题关键】asuccess表示“一个成功的人”;第二个空后的success表示抽象的成功，为不可数名词，前面不加冠词。a不填2.congratulationn.祝贺(常用复数)WhenYanglanded,PremierWenJiabaotelephonedtheControlCentretoofferhiscongratulations.当杨利伟着陆时，温家宝总理给控制中心打电话表示他的祝贺。IofferyoucongratulationsontheNewYear.我向你祝贺新年。Congratulationsonyourwinningtheprize!祝贺你获奖！“在……方面的祝贺”常用介词on。【拓展】congratulatevt.congratulatesb.on/uponsth.为某事向某人祝贺Icongratulateyouonyoursuccess.祝贺你成功。Youreallyshouldcongratulateyourselfonyouraction—youarewonderful!你真该为自己的表现而高兴——你太棒了！【易混辨析】celebrate和congratulatecelebrate表示“举行(仪式),庆祝(胜利等)”,后面多为节日；congratulate则强调“道喜，道贺”，后面多为sb.或onsth.。Icongratulatedmygirlfriendonherbirthday.我向女友祝贺生日。Icelebratedherbirthday.我庆祝她的生日。【即学即练】Iofferedmycongratulations____Paul____winningthegame.我向Paul就赢得比赛而表示祝贺。toon3.WhenYangtookofffromJiuquaninnorthwestChinaat9amyesterday,Chinabecamethethirdnationtosendamanintospace.昨天上午9点，杨利伟在中国西北部的酒泉起飞，中国成为第三个把人类送入太空的国家。takeoff起飞/脱掉/事业腾飞/休假ThiswasthemomentwhenSpielberg’scareerreallytookoff.这就是斯皮尔伯格事业腾飞的时机。HetooktwoweeksoffinAugust.他在八月份休了两个星期的假。【拓展】有关take的其他短语：takein收留/欺骗/吸收takeover接管takedown拿下/记下/拆卸/病倒takeafter与……相像takeup开始从事/占据takeapart拆开takeon开始雇用；呈现句式分析：tosendamanintospace是动词不定式作定语，当修饰被序数词限定的名词时，用动词不定式而不用分词作定语。Heisusuallythefirstpersontoarriveattheschooleveryday.他总是每天第一个到达学校的人。I’llbethelastpersontoplaycardsifheasksusto.如果他请我们去打牌，我非常不愿意参加。Chinabecamethethirdnationtosendamanintospace.中国成为世界上第三个把人类送入太空的国家。【即学即练】1.Afterthesuccessfullaunchin2003,Chinabecamethethirdcountry______(send)amanintospace.2.Internetshoppingwillreally_______whenpeoplemakesurethatit’ssafe.(takeoff/takeup/takein)tosendtakeoff4.intotal共计，总计(=inall)Intotal,theseastronautshavespentmorethan26,000daysinspace.这些宇航员在太空总计度过了两万六千多天。Wehavelearned2,000Englishwordsintotalsofar.迄今为止我们总共学了2,000个英语单词。5.aboardadv.&prep.在船(飞机、车等)上；上船（飞机、车等）Whilehewastravellinginspace,YangspoketotwoastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation,whichisorbitingtheearth…当杨利伟在太空漫游时，他与两位正在绕地球飞行的国际宇宙空间站的宇航员通了话……Afterwewentaboard,theplanetookoffimmediately.我们一上飞机，飞机就起飞了。Hewasalreadyaboardtheplane.他已经上飞机了。【易混辨析】abroadadv.在国外；到海外adj.往国外的goabroad出国athomeandabroad在国内外【即学即练】1.Thepolicearetryingtofindouthowmanypeople________________havedied.警察正在努力查明火车上有多少人已死去。2.Itisachallengeformeto_________.对我个人来说，出国是一个挑战。goabroad完成句子。aboardthetrain6.welcomevt.欢迎“Welcometospace,”hesaid.“欢迎来到太空,”他说。Welcomehome/back！欢迎回家！WelcometoBeijing！欢迎来北京！Shewelcomedthevisitorswarmly.她热情地欢迎来访者。【名师点津】Youarewelcome!常用来回答Thankyou!表示“别客气；没关系”。—Thankssomuchforallyourhelp!—You’rewelcome.——谢谢你的大力帮忙！——别客气。7.achievementn.成就,功绩Yang’sspaceflightwas“animportanthistoricalachievement”杨利伟的这次太空飞行是“一项具有重要历史意义的成就”【知识拓展】achievevt.达到（目的）；取得（胜利）；完成Hehopestoachieveallhisaimssoon.他希望尽快达到所有目标。Mikehasachievedhishopeofbecomingadoctor.迈克已经实现了成为一名医生的愿望。【即学即练】用achieve的适当形式填空。1.Theyhavemadeagreat____________inkeepingthepeaceintheworld.2.Howto_______ChineseDreamandmakesome____________isacommontopicamongtheyoung.achievementachieveachievements8.including包括/包含……Yangisthe431stpersontotravelinspace,includingastronautsfrom32countries.包括来自32个国家的宇航员在内，杨利伟是第431个在太空旅行的人。included过去分词置于名词后,表被动。TheywillgotoTianjin,meincluded!=TheywillgotoTianjin,includingme!他们将去天津，包括我在内。【即学即练】翻译句子：1.我家有五口人，包括我在内。2.这个价格包括晚餐、床位和早餐。3.全家人都病了，包括婴儿。Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily,includingme/meincluded.Thepriceincludesdinner,bedandbreakfast.Thewholefamilyhavebeenill,includingthebaby.1.Ladiesandgentlemen,theplane_______attwo.女士们先生们，飞机将在两点钟起飞。2.Atotalof50childrentookpartinthecamp,inotherwords,50children_______tookpartinthecamp.takesoffintotalClassexercises3.—IhavepassedthepopularelectionoftheOlympicMathsCompetition.—_______________（恭喜）.Youarealwaysexcellentinmaths.4