毕业设计单片机光通信系统设计

I摘要LED作为冷光源和节能光源，正在不断发展和普及。所以利用这个新的光源来通信，也变成了目前研究的热门课题之一。LED光传输技术就是利用常见的LED等室内照明设备，发出肉眼感觉不到的高速明暗闪烁的通信信号，以无线通信的方式来传输数据。采用无线光通信最大的特点就是它的波长范围大，可以将可见光讯号用不同的波长来进行信号的传输。可见光还有无电磁辐射、易保密等特点，尤其搭借了照明平台，所以不需要采用另外的传输介质，采用广播方式，受体的数量即容量受到的制约小，但是其缺点是不易实现双向的通信。这次毕业设计的主要内容是尝试设计并制作一个LED通信试验系统，通过对频率的调制，发出特定的编码信号，接收方利用光电敏感器件接收调制光，解调后还原成数据信号。最后，本次毕业设计完成了基本功能的LED发射管、接收管的发射和接收工作，并且尝试将其时分复用和频分复用。在发送端添加了温度传感器和超声波测距传感器，数码管显示，在接收端用1602液晶屏幕显示出来。两者的对比，反应出通信的正确性。本设计是基于两个89C51单片机，利用红外led发射装置和HS0038接收装置设计的简单慢速通信。目标是熟悉单片机的编程思路和学习通信的基本原理。基本的慢速光通信在传感器与单片机之间的通信上有着广泛的应用。关键词：LED;调解;解调;频分复用;时分复用IIAbstractAsacoldlightandenergy-savinglightsource,LEDisrapidlydevelopingandbeingpopularization.Sousingthisnewlightsourcetocommunicatehasbecomeahotresearchtopicnowadays.ThetechnologyofLEDlighttransmissionistousingcommonLEDindoorlamps.Communicationsignalofhighspeedlightbythenakedeyecannotfeeltheflashing,inawayofwirelesscommunicationtotransmitdata.Themostspecialcharacteristicoflightcommunicationisthatthelightwavelengthrangeisverylong,andvisiblelightcanbesignaltransmissionindifferentwavelength.Visiblelightandnoelectromagneticradiation,suchasconfidentiality,especiallyaborrowedlightingplatform,sodonotneedtousethetransmissionmedium,thebroadcast,thenumberthatisrestrictedbyreceptorcapacityissmall,itisnoteasytoachievetwo-waycommunication.ThemainpurposeofthispaperistotrytodesignaLEDcommunicationsystem,throughthemodulationofthefrequencycodingsignal,thephotoelectricsensitivedevicereceivesthelightmodulation,demodulationbackintothedatasignal.Finally,thegraduationdesign,completedthebasicfunctionoftheLEDlaunchtube,receivingtubeemissionandreceptionwork,andtrytotimedivisionmultiplexingandfrequencydivisionmultiplexing.Thetemperaturesensorandtheultrasonicrangingsensorisaddedinthetransmitter,thedigitaltubedisplay,thereceiverwith1602LCDscreendisplay.Thecontrastofthetwo,reflectthecorrectnessofcommunication.ThedesignisbasedontwoMCUs,simpleslowcommunicationusinginfraredLEDemissiondeviceandHS0038receiverdesign.Thetargetisthebasicprincipleoftheprogrammingideasandlearningcommunicationwithsingle-chipmicrocomputer.SlowlightcommunicationbasiciswidelyusedincommunicationbetweensensorandMCU.Keywords:LED;mediation;demodulation;frequency;division;目录摘要........................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1光通信发展的简要回顾...................................................................................11.2课题的意义和发展趋势...................................................................................11.3课题的主要任务和预期目标...........................................................................2第2章总体方案设计..................................................................................................32.1设计思路...........................................................................................................32.2系统设计方案...................................................................................................32.2基本光通信原理的介绍和通信方式的设计...................................................32.2.1基本光通信方式的介绍.........................................................................32.2.2复用技术的介绍.....................................................................................52.2.3通信方式的选择.....................................................................................62.2.4码原理设计.............................................................................................8第3章光通信硬件电路的设计..................................................................................93.1单片机的选择和单片机的工作原理介绍.....................................................103.1.1单片机的选择.......................................................................................103.1.2单片机89C51介绍..............................................................................103.1.3单片机89c51最小系统.......................................................................103.2发射端的设计.................................................................................................113.2.1发射管的选择.......................................................................................113.2.2红外LED的原理.................................................................................113.2.3红外LED的设计.................................................................................113.2.4传感器的设计.......................................................................................123.2.5发射端整体的设计...............................................................................123.3接收端的设计.................................................................................................133.3.1接收端的选择：...................................................................................133.3.2HS0038的介绍(引用器件产品说明书部分)......................................133.3.3红外接收装置HS0038的设计...