中考英语《短文填空技巧解析》课件

填空解题技巧一、填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。•1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。•2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。•A.)利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义.•B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。•3.通读短文，检查答案。英语短文填空解题技巧：二、填空的设空规律有哪些？（一）从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二、填空的设空规律有哪些？（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空例：(2007年中考英语试卷完形填空四选一保留原题号)I90youwereverybusythenhelpingyourfriendgetreadyforherwedding—Iamsureitwasasuccess.A.rememberB.explainC.hopeD.expect答案：A指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。二、填空的设空规律有哪些？2.句群层次的设空前制性设空后制性设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。二、填空的设空规律有哪些？前制性设空例：ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto____infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!后制性设空例：1).Nobody____himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudon’tlikeme…”2).Countrymusiccomesfrom____kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.speaklikedtwo二、填空的设空规律有哪些？3.语篇性设空IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti.RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek,hopingto1him…achievedallI’dexpected.Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday.Hewillbeaman.(最后一句话)()1.A.comfortB.pleaseC.attractD.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。•考查方向:正确理解和书写英语单词•命题形式:短文中10个空需要填上适当的单词.(wu首字母或中文提示)•所占比例:10空15分•特别提醒：所有的单词都必须根据上下文来确定。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。中考英语新题型—短文填空词形的变换冠词：a/an/the基数词,序数词：1,2,3…（基）;第X(序)名词：单复数形式,所有格的用法动词：时态语态（主被动）的变化形容词、副词：比较等级的用法代词：单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法连词：并列与从属连词的用法……词形的变换名词：单复数形式,所有格的用法GZisoneofthemostbeautiful_________.(城市)Imetafriendof___________（她的）.Allthe____________(绵羊)liketoeatgrass.citiesherssheep词形的变换动词：时态语态（主被动）的变化Everyoneinourclass_________(喜欢)watchingcartoons.I’llspendasmuchtimeasIcan__________(读)thesestories.Yesterdaywe_________________(prevent)fromgettingtoschoolbytheheavyrain.likesreadingwereprevented语态主动：v/be/情态动词被动：be+p.p.词形的变换形容词副词：比较等级的用法Hecan__________(容易)swimacrosstheriver.Becauseofthis,yournameis________lovedbyyourparentsthanyou.easilymore词形的变换代词：单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法Youcanthrow______,kickitorhitit.Takingtoomanyselfies(自拍)seemstoencourage(鼓励)peopletoonlythinkof_______________.Theyareverygoodfriendsandtheyalmostdo______________together.itthemselveseverything…自己指示代词it它/这/不译this(这个),these(这些)指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物that(那个),those(那些)指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物不定代词连词1September10thisT____________Day.2.Thef______dayoftheweekisSunday.3.Agoodb_______makesagoodending.4.Whenyoulaugh,youwillo____yourmouthandyourteeth.irstpeneginning5.LastSunday，weplayedh______inthepark,thoughwewereverytired.eachers’appily6.Hewasverya＿＿withthemanupstairsandbegantoshout，“Stopsinging！”ngry10.Inautumnafterastrongwind,thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenl_______．eaves7.ThisbookbelongstoMary.Itish_____.9.Foryears,weplayedotherpeople’ssongs,b_____nowweplaymostlyourownsongs.ersut8.MrsGreensaidtothetwins,“Helpy___________tosomefishplease.”ourselves1.September10thisTeachers’Day.2.Inautumnafterastrongwind,thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenleaves.首先考虑名词的单、复数，然后注意名词所有格。3.Wecouldnotrunfasterthancheetahs,sowe_______(发明)carsandnowwecanmovethefastest考虑动词的时态。语态变化。4.Whenyoulaugh,youwillo___yourmouthandyourteeth.inventedpenappily6.Summeristhehottestseasonoftheyear.注意形容词、副词的比较等级的变化。5.LastSunday，weplayedh______inthepark,thoughwewereverytired.8.MrsGreensaidtothetwins.“Helpyourselvestosomefishplease.”此处考代词用法。7.Helpyourselftosomefish，Jim.9.ThisbookbelongstoMary.Itishers.10.Foryears,weplayedotherpeople’ssongs,butnowweplaymostlyourownsongs.11.Shedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday，becauseshewasill.此处考连词Throughsomeefforts,rescuerscleaneduptheruins_______（仔细）whichcoveredthemum.Underherbody_____(躺)herbaby.Thebabywasinasmallredquiltwithyellowflowers.Hewasabout3or4m＿＿＿old.B＿＿＿thebabywaswell＿＿＿＿＿(保护)byhismother’sbody,hewasverysafe.Hewassleepingwellwhentherescuercarriedhimout,andhislovelyandp＿＿＿＿＿facewarmedeveryonearoundhim.Therescuerfoundtherewasamobilep______inthequilt.Whenhelookedatthescreen,amessagewasalreadythere.“Mydearbaby,ifyoucouldl＿＿＿＿,don’tforgethowm＿＿＿＿Iloveyou.”Everyonew______sawthismessageburstintotears.rescuers(救援人员)ruins废墟carefullylayonthsprotectedecauseeacefuliveuchhohoneFillineachblankwiththerightformThroughsomeefforts,rescuerscleaneduptheruins_______（仔细）whichcoveredthemum.Underherbody_____(躺)herbaby.Thebabywasinasmallredquiltwithyellowflowers.Hewasabout3or4m＿＿＿old.B＿＿＿thebabywaswell＿＿＿＿＿(保护)byhismother’sbody,hewasverysafe.Hewassleepingwellwhentherescuercarriedhimout,andhislovelyandp＿＿＿＿＿facewarmedeveryonearoundhim.Therescuerfoundtherewasamobilep______inthequilt.Whenhelookedatthescreen,amessagewasalreadythere.“Mydearbaby,ifyoucouldl＿＿＿＿,don’tforgethowm＿＿＿＿Iloveyou.”Everyonew______sawthismessageburstintotears.carefullylayonthspr